PED 116 FINAL EXAM (CHAPTER 10 )

25 July 2022
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question
Diseases of the heart and blood vessels are collectively known as which of the following? A) cardiovascular disease B) atherosclerosis C) angina pectoris D) arrhythmia
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A
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in males and females? A) It IS the leading cause of death in America for men but not for women. B) It IS the leading cause of death in America for women but not for men. C) It IS NOT the leading cause of death for men or for women. D) It IS the leading cause of death in America for both men and women.
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D
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The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged adults is approximately A) 40%. B) 10%. C) 60%. D) 70%.
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A
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________ is the leading cause of death in the United States. A) Cardiovascular disease B) Diabetes C) Cancer D) Pneumonia
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A
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Cardiovascular disease and ________ account for approximately 29% of U.S. deaths each year. A) diabetes B) lung cancer C) stroke D) leukemia
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C
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Researchers suggest that completely eliminating cardiovascular disease in the United States would increase our average life expectancy by A) 3 years. B) 7 years. C) 10 years. D) 14 years
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B
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The cardiovascular system includes the A) heart and blood vessels. B) lungs. C) blood vessels only. D) heart only.
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A
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In a healthy 10-year-old, arterial walls are A) weak and thin. B) strong and elastic. C) thin and tight. D) strong and tight.
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B
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A fatty, waxy buildup in a blood vessel is called a(n) A) arteriole. B) stenosis. C) atheroma. D) embolism.
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C
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Plaques are defined as A) hardened arteries. B) accumulated waxy debris in arteries. C) high blood pressure. D) narrow arteries.
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B
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Arterial stenosis is A) hardened arteries. B) accumulated waxy debris in arteries. C) high blood pressure. D) narrowing of the arteries.
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D
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Arterial stenosis can cause A) hypotension. B) ruptured arteries. C) increased blood flow. D) obesity.
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B
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Inflammation of the arteries can be caused by A) obesity. B) increased HDL cholesterol. C) disease-causing bacteria. D) hot weather.
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C
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What role does the herpes virus play in cardiovascular disease? A) It causes a sudden myocardial infarction while the virus is dormant. B) Herpes simplex virus 2 sores can cause blood clots. C) It contributes to inflammation of artery walls. D) It increases LDL cholesterol levels.
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C
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Homocysteine and C-reactive proteins are indicators of A) atherosclerosis. B) inflammation of inner linings of artery walls. C) a person's lifestyle habits. D) hypertension.
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B
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Hardening or stiffening of the arteries as plaque accumulates at injury sites in the inner linings of the arteries is known as A) myocardial infarction. B) arterial stenosis. C) metabolic syndrome. D) atherosclerosis.
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D
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Which of the following is typical of diastolic blood pressure? A) It declines after age 55. B) It declines until age 55. C) It increases after age 55. D) It remains constant throughout life.
answer
A
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Pressure applied to the walls of the arteries during the heart's relaxation phase is known as ________ pressure. A) diastolic B) systolic C) blood D) arterial
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A
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Pressure applied to the walls of the arteries when the heart contracts is known as ________ pressure. A) diastolic B) systolic C) blood D) arterial
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B
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________ is the most common form of cardiovascular disease. A) Angina pectoris B) Hypertension C) Coronary heart disease D) Arrhythmia
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B
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________ is the most common form of cardiovascular disease. A) Angina pectoris B) Hypertension C) Coronary heart disease D) Arrhythmia
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A
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Hypertension can cause which of the following? A) blood vessel damage B) obesity C) diabetes D) low blood pressure
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A
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At what age do women have a higher incidence of hypertension than men? A) 55 B) under 55 C) over 75 D) between 40 and 60
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C
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Which of the following is true of hypertension? A) Hypertension is rare among college students. B) Depression and high alcohol consumption increase the risk for hypertension. C) Increased sodium consumption decreases the risk of hypertension. D) Prevalence of hypertension among people from 20 to 44 years of age is decreasing.
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B
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Atherosclerosis that occurs in the extremities is called A) cardiovascular disease. B) peripheral artery disease. C) extremity artery disease. D) hypotension.
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B
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Which of the following is classified as Stage 1 hypertension? A) 120/80 B) 139/89 C) 140/90 D) 160/100
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C
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________ is the medical term for a heart attack. A) Cardiovascular disease (CVD ) B) Atherosclerosis C) Coronary artery disease (CAD) D) Myocardial infarction (MI)
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D
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________ is the type of cardiovascular disease that causes the most deaths. A) Coronary heart disease B) Hypertension C) Heart failure D) Atherosclerosis
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A
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Chest pain due to ischemia is called A) angina pectoris. B) arrhythmia. C) atherosclerosis. D) tachycardia.
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A
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Nitroglycerin tablets are recommended to address which condition? A) coronary heart disease B) angina pectoris C) arrhythmia D) hypertension
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B
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A sporadic, quivering heartbeat pattern is known as what? A) fibrillation B) bradycardia C) ischemia D) tachycardia
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A
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An irregular heartbeat is known as A) arterial stenosis. B) myocardial infarction. C) arrhythmia. D) angina pectoris.
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C
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Congestive heart failure results in A) infection. B) birth defects. C) an enlarged heart. D) an accumulation of plaque in artery walls.
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C
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Hemorrhagic stroke is defined as stroke resulting from A) a plaque-blocked vessel. B) a burst blood vessel. C) exposure to secondhand smoke. D) an enlarged heart.
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B
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The audible sound of an irregular heart valve allowing turbulent blood flow through the heart is known as a A) stroke. B) heart murmur. C) transient ischemic attack. D) plaque.
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B
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Heart disease present at birth is known as A) coronary heart disease. B) myocardial infarction. C) arterial stenosis. D) congenital heart disease.
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D
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Blockage of blood flow to the brain is known as A) myocardial infarction. B) stroke. C) atherosclerosis. D) hypertension.
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B
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Which symptom of a heart attack is more likely in men than in women? A) pain between the shoulder blades B) shortness of breath C) pain in the center of the chest D) fatigue
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C
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Which of the following factors increases a person's risk for cardiovascular disease? A) a low stress level B) smoking C) a diet low in saturated fats D) an active lifestyle
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B
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Cigarette smokers are ________ more likely to develop coronary heart disease than nonsmokers. A) 1-2 times B) 2-4 times C) 10-15 times D) 25 times
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B
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Nicotine causes which of the following? A) decreased heart rate B) increased blood pressure C) less oxygen used by the heart muscle D) decreased heart output
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B
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The greatest preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease is A) poor diet. B) moderate alcohol intake. C) physical inactivity. D) smoking.
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D
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________ fats can increase blood cholesterol levels. A) Saturated and monounsaturated B) Monounsaturated and trans C) Trans and saturated D) HDL and trans
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C
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The role of HDL cholesterol is to A) increase cholesterol levels. B) cause plaque to deposit on arteries. C) lower high blood pressure. D) remove plaque deposits from artery walls.
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D
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The best method of evaluating risk from blood cholesterol is to A) get an EKG. B) confer with a general practitioner physician. C) examine the ratio of HDL to total cholesterol. D) measure your daily intake of trans fat.
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C
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Which of the following is known as "good cholesterol"? A) LDL B) CVD C) HDL D) MI
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C
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Which of the following is known as "bad cholesterol"? A) LDL B) CVD C) HDL D) MI
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A
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The heart works harder to transport blood in people who A) are overweight. B) are normal weight. C) are underweight. D) store more fat on their hips.
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A
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Moderate physical activity ________ one's risk for cardiovascular disease. A) increases B) decreases C) has no effect on D) is less effective than exercise for decreasing
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B
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Approximately ________ of people with diabetes die from some form of cardiovascular disease. A) 50% B) 40% C) 65% D) 80%
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A
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A cluster of obesity-related risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes is known as A) hyperlipidemia. B) congenital heart disease. C) transient ischemic attack. D) metabolic syndrome.
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D
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Stress can increase risk for cardiovascular disease by A) increasing the body's immune capacity. B) decreasing blood pressure. C) preventing blood clotting. D) causing heart rhythm abnormalities.
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D
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High intake of which substance is associated with a decreased risk for cardiovascular disease? A) saturated fat B) sodium C) fiber D) refined carbohydrates
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C
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Excessive alcohol intake contributes to which of the following risk factors for cardiovascular disease? A) decreased triglycerides B) increased blood pressure C) decreased risk for obesity D) increased thinning of blood
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B
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The majority of heart attacks occur in which age group? A) over 65 B) 45-65 C) 40-55 D) 25-40
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A
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Menopause increases a woman's risk for cardiovascular disease by causing a(n) A) increase in HDLs. B) increase in LDLs. C) increase in estrogen levels. D) decrease in LDLs.
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B
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Which ethnic group has the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease? A) Caucasian B) African American C) Mexican American D) Asian American
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B
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The D in the DASH diet stands for A) desirable. B) diabetes. C) dietary. D) disease.
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C
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The DASH diet recommends increased intake of A) sodium. B) foods high in sugar. C) fruits and vegetables. D) saturated fats.
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C
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Cardiovascular disease is the second biggest killer in the United States.
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FALSE
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Risk factors for cardiovascular disease can begin to develop in adolescence or earlier.
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TRUE
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CVD is the number one cause of death in most countries around the world.
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TRUE
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Cardiovascular disease can cause damage to other internal organs.
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TRUE
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Bacterial and viral infections can contribute to cardiovascular disease.
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TRUE
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Stroke is also known as the "silent killer."
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FALSE
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Tachycardia is a form of arrhythmia that causes a slow heart rate.
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FALSE
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Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States.
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TRUE
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Exposure to secondhand smoke increases a nonsmoker's risk for cardiovascular disease.
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TRUE
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Smoking contributes to cardiovascular disease in multiple ways.
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TRUE
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The type of fat that most increases risk for cardiovascular disease is monounsaturated.
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FALSE
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High HDL cholesterol increases the risk for cardiovascular disease.
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FALSE
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Triglycerides can promote atherosclerosis.
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TRUE
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Physical inactivity increases risk for cardiovascular disease.
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TRUE
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Metabolic syndrome is associated with a low body weight.
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FALSE
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Stress is considered a controllable risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
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TRUE
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Moderate alcohol intake may have some cardiovascular benefits.
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TRUE
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Genetics play a role in the development of cardiovascular disease.
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TRUE
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Three years after quitting smoking, the risk of death from heart disease and stroke for people who smoked a pack a day or less is almost the same as for people who never smoked.
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TRUE
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Decreased sugar levels in the blood greatly increase the risk for heart disease.
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FALSE