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Patterns And Processes Of Evolution

Joy Phillips avatar Joy Phillips
25 July 2022
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question
What was the first fossil bird?
answer
the now famous archaeopteryx
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When was the archaeopteryx found?
answer
in the 19th century
question
Where was the archaeopteryx found?
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Germany
question
Since the first fossil bird was found, speculation has centered on the idea that what?
answer
birds are living dinosaurs
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Meat-eating dinosaur eggs are almost indistinguishable from what kind of eggs?
answer
bird
question
Where did an asteroid rip a gigantic crater in the Earth's crust 65 million years ago?
answer
in the area of the Gulf of Mexico
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What was the KT-extinction event?
answer
a disaster that killed many species, including dinosaurs, 65 million years ago
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How does variation within a clade affect the clade's chance of surviving environmental change?
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their chances of surviving are higher
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How is mass extinction different from background extinction?
answer
Mass extinction is where large amounts of species go extinct all at once; background extinction is where the least fit go extinct.
question
Explain how punctuated equilibrium is different from gradualism.
answer
Punctuated equilibrium is where a species evolves in quick spurts. They don't change for a long time, and then they change all at once. Gradualism is where evolutionary change in a species is more gradual.
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Why would evolution speed up when a small group of organisms migrates to a new environment?
answer
genetic changes spread more quickly among fewer individuals
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What is adaptive radiation?
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process by which a single species or a small group of species evolves over a relatively short time into several different forms that live in different ways
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When might adaptive radiation result in convergent evolution?
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If a group gets separated, but they remain in similar environments, convergent evolution may occur.
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What is coevolution?
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Coevolution is the relationship between two coevolving organisms that often become so specific that neither can survive without the other.
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Describe an example of coevolution.
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Some plants coevolve with insects that use the plant's nectar as food while the plant gets pollinated.
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What role does the environment play in convergent evolution?
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It is how two species take part in convergent evolution.