Chapter 3

The evolution of populations due to chance is

If color is an inherited trait in beetles, and birds are more likely to eat brown beetles than green beetles,

In a population with brown and green alleles for color, genetic drift

Color is an inherited trait in beetles. If brown beetles move into a population from a nearby island, which of the following statements is correct?

Remember that color is an inherited trait in beetles. Which of the following is an example of natural selection?

In the initial fly population prior to the isolation, it is safe to assume that ________.

In order for two organisms to belong to the same species, individuals of their species must __________.

Which of the following is an example of selective breeding (artificial selection) by humans?

___________ is the only process that can change a gene's DNA and therefore give rise to new variations of the gene.

Which statement below most accurately describes a phylogenetic tree?

The sixth mass extinction event is likely being caused by __________.

Which of the following populations would be most vulnerable to extinction?

Which of the following events could NOT be caused by a population bottleneck?

Which of the following statements about the amoeba population described at the end of the tutorial is true?

True or False. In the example described in the tutorial, the red amoebas survived the catastrophic event, and all future generations of amoebas were red because the red amoebas had a higher reproductive rate than the blue ones.

The fossil record clearly shows that ________.

Heavy rains and mudslides cause a river to change course, isolating two groups of lizards of the same species from one another. Over a long period of time ________.

In a population of field mice, an example of an adaptive trait that could help with reproduction and/or survival would be ________.

A species has evolved an asexual mode of reproduction by having offspring develop from unfertilized eggs. Which of the following will be true of this species' response to natural selection?

Which of the following is the broadest (most all-encompassing) level of ecological organization?

Which of the following is considered a community?

a single fish living in the lake's shallow water near the shoreline.

a group of fish of the same species inhabiting the shallow water near the shoreline.

fishes, invertebrates, plants, and microbes inhabiting the shallow water near the shoreline.

the fishes, invertebrates, plants, microbes, rocks, sediments, and water in the lake, and the interactions between them.

Extinction is ________.

Which of the following is true?

Endemic species ________.

Territoriality generally results in what kind of population distribution?

The logistic growth curve can be said to appear similar to __________.

__________ is the number of individuals in a population per unit area.

Which of the following best represents the overall growth rate of a population?

Density-dependent factors __________.

If we ignore the effects of migration when determining population growth rates, we would calculate the population's __________, which equals __________.

Which of the following would be a limiting factor for a population of dolphins in the ocean?

If a population had a carrying capacity of 1000 individuals, which of the following populations would be experiencing the greatest rate of growth as a percentage of the current population size?

Suppose you are studying a population with the following characteristics: Birth rate = 14 per 1,000/year Death rate = 6 per 1,000/year Immigration rate = 5 per 1,000/year Emigration rate = 1 per 1,000/year What is the growth rate for this population?

Suppose you are studying a population with the following characteristics: Birth rate = 11 per 1,000/year Death rate = 10 per 1,000/year Immigration rate = 4 per 1,000/year Emigration rate = 3 per 1,000/year What is the growth rate for this population?

Suppose you are studying a population with the following characteristics: Birth rate = 10 per 1,000/year Death rate = 12 per 1,000/year Immigration rate = 2 per 1,000/year Emigration rate = 3 per 1,000/year What is the growth rate for this population?

For a population with a growth rate of 12 per 1,000/year, how would you express that growth rate as a percentage?

For a population with a growth rate of 2 per 1,000/year, how would you express that growth rate as a percentage?

For a population with a growth rate of −3 per 1,000/year, how would you express that growth rate as a percentage?

A population is a group of ________.

The functional role of a species in its community is its ________.

The carrying capacity is the ________.

Density-dependent factors ________.

Which of the following is accurate?

An example of a density-independent factor would be ________.

A coyote, which can alter its food intake to match seasonal abundance of plants, fruits, or small animals, is considered to be ________.

Of the following, ________ are the major factors that determine a population's growth rate.

In ecology, a ________ is made up of interacting populations of different species that inhabit the same area.

When the organisms of a particular population seek habitats or resources that are unevenly spaced, the distribution of the individuals in the population is ________.

Read the following scenario and answer the question(s) below. Between 1907 and 1923, cattle grazing in the Kaibab National forest in Arizona was greatly reduced, deer hunting was eliminated, and predators were killed. Over 600 cougars, 11 wolves (most had already been killed in the 1800s), and 3000 coyotes were trapped or shot. In response, the deer herd began to increase. By 1915, the deer were estimated at 25,000; by 1920 at 50,000; and by 1923 at approximately 100,000. Which of these graphs shows the Kaibab deer population between 1900 and 1923?

Read the following scenario and answer the question(s) below. Between 1907 and 1923, cattle grazing in the Kaibab National forest in Arizona was greatly reduced, deer hunting was eliminated, and predators were killed. Over 600 cougars, 11 wolves (most had already been killed in the 1800s), and 3000 coyotes were trapped or shot. In response, the deer herd began to increase. By 1915, the deer were estimated at 25,000; by 1920 at 50,000; and by 1923 at approximately 100,000. What is going to happen to the area resources for deer after 1923?

Which of the following would protect Earth's biodiversity?

Many interacting species that live in the same area

Communities and the abiotic material with which their members interact

Specific environment in which an organism lives

Number of individuals within a population per unit area

Stabilizes a population at its carrying capacity

Species occurring in only one area

Based on the video, what can you infer about speciation--the process by which one species splits into two or more species?

Where are the Solomon Islands located?

Scientists studying evolution on the Solomon Islands described which animal as the 'poster child' for the biological species concept?

Why did the biologists consider a frog that they found to be a new species?

When Darwin wrote On the Origin of Species, he knew very little about the subject of _____, an essential component of evolutionary theory today.