Nutrition Exam 3 Part 2

A collective term for various diseases of the heard and blood vessels. It affects nearly 84 million Americans and is the leading cause of death in the US.

High blood pressure, tobacco use, poor diet, physical inactivity, and diabetes.

- Damages the lining of arteries - Reduces HDL, good cholesterol - Raises LML, bad cholesterol - Increases blood pressure and heart rate - carbon monoxide displaces oxygen in blood - Smoking causes platelets to stick together in the bloodstream - Speeds the development of fatty deposits in the arteries

Cell fragments in the blood that are necessary for the formation of blood clots

Sustained abnormally high blood pressure

A form of CVD in which the inner layers of artery walls are made thick and irregular by plaque deposits; arteries become narrowed, and blood supply is reduced.

Protein-and-lipid substances in the blood that carry fats and cholesterol; classified according to size, density, and chemical composition

A lipoprotein containing a moderate amount of protein and a large amount of cholesterol, "bad cholesterol

A lipoprotein containing relatively little cholesterol that helps transport cholesterol out of the arteries; "good" cholesterol

A disorder in which the metabolism of glucose is disrupted, causing a buildup of glucose in the bloodstream

Blood fats that are absorbed from food and manufactured by the body

chronic stress, chronic hostility and anger, lack of social support, and others

heredity, aging, being male, and ethnicity

A substance called C-reactive protein is released into the bloodstream during the inflammatory response, and high levels of CRP indicate a substantially elevated risk of heart attack and stroke

A deposit of fatty substances on the inner wall of an artery; the artery then loses its elasticity and ability to expand and contract therefor restricting blood flow

Heard disease cause by atherosclerosis in the arteries that supply blood to the hear muscle; also called coronary artery disease. The blockage of coronary artery causes a heart attack. If a cerebral artery is blocked, the result is a stroke.

Damage to, or death of, hearty muscle, resulting from a failure of the coronary arteries to deliver enough blood to the heart; also known as myocardial infarction

A condition in which the heart muscle does not receive enough blood, causing sever pain in the chest and often in the arm and shoulder

A change in the normal pattern of the heartbeat

A nontraumatic, unexpected death from sudden cardiac arrest, most often due to arrhythmia; in most instances, victims have underlying heart disease

Pain or pressure in the chest, pain in the arm, neck, or jaw, difficulty breathing, excessive sweating, nausea and vomiting, and loss of consciousness

Threading a catheter with an inflatable balloon tip through a coronary artery until it reaches the area of blockage. Many surgeons implant a coronary stunt- tubes to prop the artery open and prevent reclogging after angioplasty

An impeded blood supply to some part of the brain resulting in the destruction of brain cells; also called cerebrovascular accident

paralysis, walking disability, speech impairment, memory loss and changes in behavior

high blood pressure, heart attack, atherosclerosis, viral infections, rheumatic fever, and birth defects

A condition resulting from the heart's inability to pump out all the blood that returns to it; blood backs up in the veins leading to the heart, causing an accumulation of fluid in various parts of the body

Decreased fat and cholesterol, fiber, sodium and potassium, and alcohol

hypertension, stroke, some cancers, liver disease, alcohol dependence, and injuries

CVD

lowering the heart rate

45-46,000

Nothing; it usually has no symptoms.

on artery walls

less than 200 mg/dl

exercise

55

high hdl

coronary heart disease

heart attack

an irregular heartbeat

an arrhythmia

no more than 7%

fiber