New American Industries, Trusts & Big Business, and Technology & Society

Why did the development of time zones make train schedules more reliable? a. Time zones set the entire country to the same time. b. Time zones measured time locally instead of country-wide. c. Time zones made sure that each state was in only one zone. d. Time zones created a standard of time that all trains followed.

Which best explains how railroads companies were able to standardize their timetables in 1883?

In 1860, how far west could a person travel by rail from New York?

How did the growth of the railroads affect supply and demand for natural resources in the United States? a. increased the supply b. decreased the demand c. increased the demand d. had no effect on the supply and demand

In the late 1800s, the growth of the railroad system led to Midwestern cities such as Minneapolis and Cleveland becoming: a. agricultural centers b. unsettled territories c. industrial centers d. lumber centers

Which industry benefited most from the Bessemer Process?

How did the growth of rail networks impact the meatpacking industry?

How did railroad expansion make natural resources more available in the US? a. by increasing the amount of natural resource deposits b. by using natural resources to build tracks and train equipment c. by transporting people to cities and towns where they could purchase natural resources d. by making it possible for natural resources to be transported to different cities and town

The expansion of the railroad directly led to economic growth in the US because: a. railroads increased competition between different industries. b. railroads allowed company owners to travel all over the country. c. railroads made resources and products easier to transport. d. railroads led to increased prices of newly available products and resources.

Which best describes a development that improved railroad safety? a. Railroads adopted standard time to coordinate schedules. b. Railroads offered fold-down beds so that people could sleep more comfortably. c. Companies standardized track technology so that they could use each other's tracks. d. Companies replaced hand-operated brakes with air brakes on trains.

What was a result of rail standardization? a. Railways were able to transport meat without spoilage. b. Trains provided cars with pull-down beds for overnight travel. c. Trains from different rail lines could use each other's tracks. d. Rail companies began to create their own styles of rails and tracks.

What best describes the impact of railroad expansion on the steel industry?

What are the 4 time zones?

By 1900, how much of the nations steel output did he control? (Carnegie )

The two major tracks of the First Transcontinental RR met in:

What industry grew and became dominant worldwide?

Who created air brakes for trains? What did it do?

Why was Carnegie Steel able to offer its product more cheaply than its competitors? a. Carnegie introduced the Bessemer process, which decreased the cost of production. b. Carnegie cut corners in his production, lowering his costs c. cut his costs since he owned the supply of raw materials and the means of production and distribution.

Vertical integration

Midwestern Cities

Which rail industry invention had the most direct impact on the growing US population?

Eastern Cities

Great Plains

What was the standard time act and when was it established?

What major natural resource helped refine other products in the US?

What did the Refrigerator Car do? Who invented it?

Pullman car

What did Carnegie do with his dozen of companies in 1892? What was the name?

What did the knuckle coupler do? Who invented it?

Industry rose in the US because the improved rail system gave people easier access to which raw materials?

What was the main reason that Carnegie invested in the Frick Coke Company? a. He wanted to invest in new technology. b. He thought he could help the company become profitable. c. He was interested in the coal business. d. He wanted to make sure he could always get fuel for his steel plant.

How did Rockefeller vertically integrate his monopoly in 1882? A. he created a trust that controlled oil wells, refineries, and distribution networks. b. he created a trust that controlled 90% of the nation's oil refineries

In the Gilded age, how did monopolies affect many small businesses? a. Monopolies forced small businesses to shut down. b. Monopolies helped small businesses grow. c. Monopolies had no effect on small businesses. d. Monopolies provided customers for small businesses.

How was rockefeller able to build his monopoly across the oil industry? a. he found newer and cheaper ways to refine oil, increasing his profits b. he bought up refineries, cut costs, and reinvested his profits

How did John D. Rockefeller horizontally integrate his monopoly in 1880? a. He created a trust that controlled ninety percent of the nation's oil refineries. b. He purchased iron mines around the country to add to his business. c. He created a trust that controlled oil wells, refineries, and distribution networks. d. He purchased coal plants around the country to add to his business.

Why was Carnegie Steel able to offer its product more cheaply than its competitors?

How much did the government regulate business practices during the Gilded Age?

What was the core business that made Standard Oil a horizontally integrated monopoly? a. refining oil b. transporting oil to customers c. building oil pipelines

How did Carnegie's early job with the railroads greatly contribute to his success in the steel business?

Why was Carnegie Steel considered a vertical monopoly? a. The company controlled all the steel plants in the country. b. The company became the only source of steel after competitors went out of business. c. The company was able to produce more steel than any other steel company in the world. d. The company controlled every step of steel production, from raw materials to distribution.

What is the main reason that the American public turned against monopolies? a. They saw the price of goods rise as their wages decreased. b. They resented the wealth of the big business owners. c. They were concerned about smaller businesses. d. They saw the price of goods rise as their wages increased.

How did the Carnegie's purchase of Allegheny Steel contribute to the formation of his monopoly? a. gave him access to raw materials b. The purchase gave Carnegie control of coke production. c. this purchase enabled him to discover a more efficient production of method.

The US government gave land to the railroads to help them expand. What impact did these land grants have on industries in the West? a. The grants limited the amount of land that was available to industries in the West. b. The grants discouraged industries from moving west because the land was useless. c. The grants allowed industries in the West to grow because they encouraged settlement and new industrial opportunities. d. The grants had little impact on industries in the West

Which natural resource became more available to the American public as a result of railroad expansion? a. coal b. natural gas c. wood d. water

How did railroad expansion make natural resources more available in the US? a. by increasing the amount of natural resource deposits b. by using natural resources to build tracks and train equipment c. by transporting people to cities and towns where they could purchase natural resources d. by making it possible for natural resources to be transported to different cities and towns

How did the Bessemer process contribute to the development of Carnegie's monopoly? a. It allowed Carnegie to cut his cost of labor, increasing his profits. b. It allowed Carnegie to replace coal as a fuel supply, cutting his costs. c. It allowed Carnegie to produce higher quality steel more quickly, which increased demand. d. It made transportation of steel faster and more efficient, lowering Carnegie's costs.

How did the success of individuals such as Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell change American culture? a. Their success encouraged people to experiment and invent new products. b. Their success encouraged people to start big businesses. c. Their success discouraged people from trying to innovate the electricity or telephone industries. d. Their success discouraged people from working together to create new inventions.

When was the first gasoline-powered American automobile made?

Which type of technology did city planners adopt during the Industrial Age in an attempt to meet the needs of commuters? a. communication tech b. automobile tech c. railroad

Which of the following statements best describes how urban commuting changed in the late 1800s? a. Subways and automobiles replaced horse-drawn trolleys. b. Horse-drawn trolleys replaced elevated trains and subways. c. Elevated trains and subways replaced horse-drawn trolleys. d. Automobiles replaced horse-drawn trolleys.

What method of manufacturing, introduced in the early 1800s, made mass production possible? a. the use of interchangeable parts b. the use of hand-crafted products c. the use of specialized labor d. the use of expensive materials

Which of these inventors contributed to changing the way people functioned at night? a. edison b. bell c. samuel morse

Which of the following statements about telephones is FALSE? a. Telephones are the most widely used communication device in the world. b. The first telephone line was built in New Hampshire. c. The first transcontinental telephone line was built in 1914. d. Telephones can serve multiple purposes

Horizontal Integration

Laissez-faire

sending a message from NYC to san francisco used to take how long ? how long did it take now ?

What did the Telegraph allow? Who invented it ? What did it change forever ?

Morse code

In 1877, the first telephone company formed what ?

What was the Multiplex telegraph invented for ? who made it ? what did it do?

What did the telephone allow? Who invented it?

What was the telephone originally intended to be?

Where was the first telephone line built ?

In cities, people moved from place to place on:

each way of traveling was:

commuting

What did henry ford produce ? How did he make a cheaper car?

Thomas Edison

What did the incandescent lightbulb do?

What was the phonograph?

What was the motion picture machine?

Madam C.J. Walker became what? What did she experiment with/ specialize in?

Innovations in consumer products

How did businesses reach out to consumers ?