A part of a melody is called a ______. It can be sung on one breath and ends at a point of full or partial rest.
answer
phrase
question
Rapidly repeating tones by quick up-and-down strokes of the bow is a string technique known as ______.
answer
tremolo
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To what does register refer?
answer
Part of an instrument's total range
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In general, the smaller the vibrating element, the __________ its pitch.
answer
higher
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The relative highness or lowness of a sound is called ______.
answer
pitch
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The first, or stressed, beat of a measure is known as the ______.
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downbeat
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Dynamic tension that demands onward motion in music is usually the result of what?
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The impulse of dissonance to be resolved
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A symphonic band is different from an orchestra due to the absence of ______.
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strings
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The organization of musical ideas in time is called _______.
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form
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A gradual decrease in loudness is known as a ______.
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diminuendo
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When a performer emphasizes a tone by playing it more loudly than the tones around it, it is called a ______.
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dynamic accent
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Why is repetition a technique widely used in music?
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It creates a sense of unity.
It helps engrave a melody in the memory.
It provides a feeling of balance and symmetry.
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To what does modulation refer?
answer
a shift from one key to another within the same composition
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The element of music defined as the ordered flow of music through time, or more specifically, the particular arrangement of note lengths in a piece of music, is ______.
answer
rhythm
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Which of the following is not a brass instrument?
answer
English horn
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The highest woodwind instrument in the orchestra is the ______.
answer
piccolo flute
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The distance between a melody's lowest and highest tones is known as its _______.
answer
range
question
_____________ in music adds support, depth, and richness to a melody.
answer
Harmony
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The interval that occurs when two different tones blend so well when sounded together that they seem to merge into one tone, is called a(n) ______.
answer
octave
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On what does the range of a singer's voice depend?
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training and physical makeup
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The English horn is a ________ instrument.
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double reed
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A dynamic accent occurs in music when a performer does what?
answer
Emphasizes a tone by playing it more loudly than the tones around it
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Tonality is another term for ______.
answer
key
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Tone color is synonymous with ______.
answer
timbre
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While professional singers can command a pitch range of two octaves or more, an untrained voice is usually limited to about ______.
answer
an octave and a half
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The Italian term _____________ is a tempo marking to indicate a lively pace.
answer
vivace
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Retaining some features of a musical idea while changing others is called _______.
answer
variation
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A musical statement, followed by a repeat of that statement, then a counterstatement, would be called __________ form.
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binary
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The _____ of a sound is decided by the frequency of its vibrations.
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pitch
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When the string player causes small pitch fluctuations by rocking the left hand while pressing the string down, it is called ______.
answer
vibrato
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A tone in music is a sound that ______.
answer
has a definite pitch
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A _______ is placed at the beginning of a staff to show the exact pitch of each line and space.
answer
clef
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A ___________ sign is used in musical notation to cancel a previous sharp or flat sign.
answer
natural
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The Italian dynamic markings traditionally used to indicate very soft, soft, and very loud are respectively ______.
answer
pianissimo, piano, fortissimo
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When notating music for others to read, composers traditionally have used ____________ words to indicate dynamics.
answer
Italian
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To what does dynamics in music refer?
answer
The degree of loudness and softness
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The word chromatic comes from the Greek word chroma, color, and is used in music to refer to the _______.
answer
twelve tones of the octave
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In musical notation, silence is indicated by ______.
answer
rests
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The four main properties of musical sounds are pitch, dynamics, tone color, and ______.
answer
duration
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What is a sequence?
answer
repetition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch
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A song in which several people sing the same melody but each singer starts at a different time is an example of ______.
answer
strict imitation
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A composition that alternates often between soft and loud dynamics can be said to be high in _______.
answer
contrast
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In traditional Western music, the __________ is the smallest interval between successive tones of a scale.
answer
half step
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In the full score of an orchestral composition, the families of instruments are arranged from top to bottom in the order of ______.
answer
woodwinds, brass, percussion, strings
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Classicism, as a stylistic period in Western music, encompassed the years _______.
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1750-1820
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A round is an example of _______.
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strict imitation
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The song in the opening mentions the death of someone, who is it?
answer
Saheed Osupa's Father
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Name one of the artists that Osupa thanks (their album covers are shown)
answer
Kollington
Orelope
Ayinde Alhaji K1
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Describe how Ijala is used in Yoruba tradition according to Alabi Ogundepo and others interviewed:
answer
Traditionally, the hunter's call praising Ogun god of iron, animals
Today, praising singing, paying homage to gods and "big men"
question
Is Muslim Praise music performed inside or outside of mosques, and why?
answer
Outside, mosques are sacred, instruments are not allowed inside
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What kind of animals and vegetables are prepared to be eaten at the party?
answer
Cow, chicken, yam (pounded)
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What entertainment is offered at the party? Describe some aspect (music, dance, etc)
answer
Fuji music (praise-singing), Bata dancers (including little person), a feast, cross-dresser (transvestite)
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What is the type of music that Sefiu Alao (singer at the party) plays?
answer
Fuji music
Lots of drums (talking drums)
Lead singer
Backup singers
Backup dancers
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According to the sound engineer, what is the order of instruments for gospel versus Fuji music?
answer
Gospel: Western instruments (piano, bass guitar) first
Fuji: Drums (acoustic and digital) and vocals first
question
What politician is Sefiu Alao supporting in the 2014 election? (who is he recording a song for)
answer
Ibikunle Amosun, governor of Ogun State
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What is the name of the organization in Lagos for the Fuji Singers?
answer
FUMAN: Fuji Musicians' Assocation of Nigeria
question
Who are the Wodaabes?
answer
Nomads, Muslim Africans, Cattle Herders
question
What ethnic group are they from?
answer
Fulani AKA Fulfulbe, Fulfulde
question
Where do they live (countries, geographic region)?
answer
Sahel Region: N. Nigeria, S. Niger, Mali, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Chad
question
What is their means of subsistence?
answer
Herding
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Why is that challenged?
answer
Lack of resources: water, grazing land
Conflict between urban dwellers and nomadic lifestyle in terms of land use
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What is the dance of the Wodaabes?
answer
Courtship ceremony between rival clans of Fulanis
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Who is dancing?
answer
Young unmarried men
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Why are they dancing?
answer
Impress or court women
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What is unusual about this from a western perspective?
answer
Women choose and the men are on display, which is antithetical western norms
Ritualizes female agency because women choose and also have the option of choosing a new spouse
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How long does the ritual last?
answer
Once a year and lasts three days (including nights)
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What is the process and what will be accomplished?
answer
Establish dominance for a clan (lineage) until next ceremony
question
What challenges do the younger generation of Wodaabes face? How are they responding?
answer
Maintaining culture and way of life in the face challenges to basic survival
Hard to live off the grid
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