Mock Exam 3

7 February 2023
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One of the three major concerns of developmental psychology centers around the issue of:
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continuity or stages
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A teratogen is a(n):
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substance that can cross the placental barrier and harm an unborn child
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The symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome are most likely to include
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mental retardation
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Newborns have been observed to show the greatest visual interest in a:
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facelike image
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Maturation is to education as ________ is to ________.
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nature is to nurture
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According to Piaget, schemas are:
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people's conceptual frameworks for understanding their experiences.
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Incorporating new information into existing theories is to ________ as modifying existing theories in light of new information is to ________.
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assimilation; accommodation
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During which of Piaget's stages does a person develop an awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not perceived?
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sensorimotor
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According to Piaget, children come to understand that the volume of a substance remains constant despite changes in its shape during the ________ stage.
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concrete operational
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The powerful survival impulse that leads infants to seek closeness to their caregivers is called:
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attachment.
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Harlow observed that most monkeys raised in total isolation:
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were incapable of mating upon reaching sexual maturity.
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Compared to 40 years ago, American men today are marrying:
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at an older age and American women are marrying at an older age.
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The ability to learn a new computer software program is to ________ as knowledge of state capitals is to ________.
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fluid intelligence; crystallized intelligence
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Today's earlier female sexual maturation is especially likely among:
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overweight girls in father-absent homes.
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Piaget is to cognitive development as Kohlberg is to ________ development.
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moral
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Parents who are demanding and yet sensitively responsive to their children are said to be:
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authoritative.
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The impact of our cultural backgrounds on the development of our personal values best illustrates the influence of:
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the environment
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Environmental influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing:
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identical twins raised together with identical twins raised apart.
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The personalities of adopted children:
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are not very similar to the personalities of their adoptive parents.
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Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of:
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natural selection.
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According to evolutionary psychologists, our predisposition to overconsume fatty junk foods illustrates that we are biologically prepared to behave in ways that promoted the ________ of our ancestors.
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reproductive success
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Children raised in the same family are not especially likely to have similar personalities. This most clearly implies that we should be cautious about attributing personality to:
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parental influences.
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Lacking any exposure to language before adolescence, a person will never master any language due to the ________ of unemployed neural connections:
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pruning
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Since 1960, Americans have experienced a(n):
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increase in the incidence of depression and an increase in work hours.
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Men and women are most likely to differ in their:
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aggressiveness
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Gender differences in verbal fluency are consistent with evidence that part of the:
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frontal lobes is thicker in women than in men.
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Social learning theorists emphasize that:
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observation and imitation play a crucial role in the gender-typing process.
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Behaviors expected of those who occupy a particular social position define a:
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role
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Freud believed that certain troubling symptoms could be traced to painful unconscious memories. This led him to suspect that these symptoms resulted from:
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psychological processes.
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Which of the following techniques did Freud use to discover the latent content of his patients' dreams?
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free association
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According to Freud, the part of personality that represents our sense of right and wrong and our ideal standards is the:
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superego.
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Freud suggested that slips of the tongue illustrate an incomplete:
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repression.
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Contemporary psychodynamic theorists are most likely to disagree with Freud's assumption that:
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sexual drives are central to personality development.