Micro Chapter 4 Reading Quiz

Tumbles occur when the flagella stop rotating. the flagella rotate counterclockwise. the flagella rotate clockwise. the flagella undulate.

Which of the following types of bacterial cells would have only a single flagellum? Lophotrichous Monotrichous Lophotrichous and monotrichous Amphitrichous Peritrichous

Peritrichous bacteria make a run when the flagella turn clockwise and separate. the flagella turn counterclockwise and become bundled. the flagella turn clockwise and become bundled. the flagella turn counterclockwise and separate.

Which of the following types of bacterial cells would have flagella located at only one end of the cell? Peritrichous Monotrichous and amphitrichous Lophotrichous and monotrichous Amphitrichous Lophotrichous Monotrichous

Which of the following molecules is shared by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms? lipopolysaccharide lipoteichoic acid lipid A N-acetylmuramic acid

Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that inhibits the formation of peptide cross-links. Amoxicillin, therefore, would most likely inhibit the growth of __________. neither Gram-positive nor Gram-negative organisms both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms only Gram positive organisms only Gram-negative organisms

Porins are present in ______________bacteria because, in these organisms, molecules entering the cell must pass through an extra layer of ___________. Gram-negative; peptidoglycan Gram-negative; membrane Gram-positive; peptidoglycan both Gram-negative and Gram-positive; membrane Gram-positive; membrane

Which of the following molecules would be blocked by a cell membrane? Water Dissolved oxygen Simple alcohols Ions

Hydrophobic molecules would enter a cell by active transport directly across the membrane. through integral transport proteins. by passive transport directly across the membrane.

What is a hallmark of passive transport across cell membranes? It may involve the use of transport proteins. It occurs along an electrochemical gradient, and may involve the use of transport proteins. It requires the use of ATP. It occurs along an electrochemical gradient. It cannot occur without assistance from an integral membrane protein

A positively charged sodium ion would require the use of integral protein channels to pass through a cell membrane. would get stuck in the hydrophobic core of the membrane. freely diffuses directly across the cell membrane.

Which of the following statements regarding active transport is false? It requires the use of a transport protein. It powers the diffusion of water across the cell membrane. It requires ATP.

Where is the genetic information of the cell stored? rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lysosomes nucleus smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Golgi apparatus

The structural framework in a cell is the plasma membrane. extracellular matrix. endomembrane system. cytoskeleton. endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

Where in a cell is ATP made? ribosomes chloroplasts nucleus lysosomes mitochondria

What carries instructions for making proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm? ATP Rough ER ribosomes DNA mRNA

One of the ways smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from rough endoplasmic reticulum is that rough ER is covered by mitochondria. ribosomes. the Golgi apparatus. the extracellular matrix. the cytoskeleton.

Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system? flagellum ribosomes mitochondria Golgi apparatus cytoskeleton

Which of the following organelles breaks down worn-out organelles? smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Golgi apparatus mitochondria rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lysosomes

Where are lipids made in the cell? Golgi apparatus mitochondria ribosomes rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

What structure acts as a selective barrier, regulating the traffic of materials into and out of the cell? endomembrane system nuclear envelope plasma membrane cytoskeleton extracellular matrix

Which of the following facts does NOT provide evidence for the endosymbiotic theory? Prokaryotes contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls. Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular DNA, similar to the DNA in prokaryotes. The ribosomes contained within mitochondria and chloroplasts are very similar to prokaryotic ribosomes. The same antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis in prokaryotes also inhibit protein synthesis within mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Which type of solution would cause a bacterium with a weak or damaged cell wall to burst as water moves into the cell? either a hypotonic or an isotonic solution a hypertonic solution an isotonic solution a hypotonic solution

You are observing a Gram stain of spherical-shaped microorganisms that are linked in a chain and stain purple. How would you describe these bacteria using the correct terminology for the cell shape and arrangement? gram-positive coccobacilli gram-negative staphylococci gram-positive streptococci gram-positive tetrads

In which eukaryotic organelle are amino acids and fatty acids oxidized? peroxisome lysosome thylakoid centrosome

Which statement regarding the structure or function of ribosomes is correct? Ribosomes are found both free-floating and attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and in prokaryotes. Ribosomes are the sites of lipid biosynthesis in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In eukaryotes, the ribosomes found in chloroplasts and mitochondria are 70S ribosomes, which are similar in size to prokaryotic ribosomes. The ribosomes in the prokaryote are slightly larger than those found in the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum.

Which of the following statements accurately describes specific bacterial cell walls? Gram-negative bacterial cell walls contain teichoic acids, whereas the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria do not. In gram-negative bacteria, the thin layer of peptidoglycan is surrounded by an external membrane made of phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, and proteins. The cell walls of gram-negative bacteria contain many more layers of peptidoglycan than those of gram-positive bacteria. In bacteria with acid-fast cell walls, the carboxylic acid in the walls forms a layer outside a thin layer of hydrophilic polypeptides.

Which of the following is found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells but is ABSENT from the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells? enzymes a cytoskeleton DNA water