A&P Chapter 3 Homework

Apoptosis is programmed cell suicide, but cancer cells fail to undergo apoptosis.

Which of the following is not a concept of the cell theory?

Which of the following names the three main parts of a human cell?

Which of the following is a concept of the cell theory?

Which of the following is a principle of the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the plasma membrane?

The glycocalyx is often referred to as the "cell coat," which is somewhat fuzzy and sticky with numerous cholesterol chains sticking out from the surface of the cell membrane.

Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?

Which of the following factors act to bind cells together?

Which of the following would not diffuse through the plasma membrane by means of simple diffusion?

Cell junctions that promote the coordinated activity of cells by physically binding them together into a cell community include all of the following except ________.

The cell (plasma) membrane normally contains 15-25% of cholesterol.

Which of the following is characteristic of cilia?

Which of the following describes the plasma membrane?

Which type of membrane junction is an example of a tight junction?

Which of the following would not be a constituent of a plasma membrane?

In the maintenance of the cell resting membrane potential ________.

Which of the following is true regarding the membrane potential?

Which of these is not a function of the plasma membrane?

In osmosis, movement of water occurs toward the solution with the lower solute concentration.

Passive membrane transport processes include ________.

If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable, what could happen?

Which transport process is the main mechanism for the movement of most macromolecules by body cells?

Facilitated diffusion always requires a carrier protein.

A red blood cell placed in pure water would ________.

Which of the following processes allows cells to concentrate material that is present only in very small amounts in the extracellular fluid?

Crenation is likely to occur in blood cells in ________.

A process by which large particles may be taken into the cell for food, protection of the body, or for disposing of old or dead cells is called phagocytosis.

Which of the following statements is correct regarding diffusion?

What is the difference between active and passive transport across the plasma membrane?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which organelle is responsible for building proteins?

Once solid material is phagocytized and taken into a vacuole, which of the following statements best describes what happens?

Solutions with a higher concentration of solutes than the concentration inside the cell are:

Diffusion is always from areas of greater to areas of lesser concentration.

___________ is the diffusion of a solvent, such as water, across a selectively permeable membrane.

The plasma membrane is made primarily of_________.

Why is the selective permeability of the plasma membrane essential for normal cell function?

What is the primary function of the mitochondria?

What is a membrane potential?

Ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus functionally act in sequence to synthesize and modify proteins for secretory use (export) only, never for use by the cell. This statement is ________.

Lysosomes ________.

Your patient has a respiratory disease that has literally paralyzed the cilia. Why would this patient be at an increased risk for a respiratory infection?

Which of the following is a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Microfilaments are thin strands of the contractile protein myosin.

Which structures are fingerlike projections that greatly increase the absorbing surface of cells?

The electron microscope has revealed that one of the components within the cell consists of microtubules arranged to form a hollow tube. This structure is a ________.

Which of the following is not a primary function of peroxisomes?

Peroxisomes ________.

Diffusion is a form of active transport.

The main component of the cytosol is ________.

The functions of centrioles include ________.

Microtubules are hollow tubes made of subunits of the protein tubulin.

Some types of cells move freely through the body, while others are bound into tightly knit communities.

Which cell organelle provides the majority of the ATP needed by the cell to carry out its metabolic reactions?

Which cell component helps to maintain the structural integrity of the cell?

Phagocytosis is a form of exocytosis.

Interstitial fluid represents one type of extracellular material.

What is the energy source used by the Na+-K+ pump during its normal operation?

Which of the following best describes how phosphorylation affects the Na+-K+ pump?

What triggers the release of phosphate from the Na+-K+ pump?

What event initiates ATP attachment to the Na+-K+ pump, leading to the pump's phosphorylation?

What sort of ion distributions are established and maintained by Na+-K+ pump activity?

The nucleolus ________. A) is a dark-staining spherical body found within the mitochondria B) is the site of ribosome assembly in a cell C) is the site of lipid production in a cell D is the primary site of protein synthesis

Which of the following describes the plasma membrane? A) a double layer of protein enclosing the plasma B) a single-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell C) a membrane composed of tiny shelves or cristae D) the phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell

True/False There is only one cell type in the human body that has a flagellum.

Which of the following is NOT a concept of the cell theory? A) A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms. B) Cells are given life through a process known as spontaneous generation. C) The biochemical activities of cells are dictated by the relative number of their specific subcellular structures. D)The activity of an organism depends on both the individual and the collective activities of its cells.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the plasma membrane? A) It is a flexible protein barrier supported by cholesterol rods. B) It is a dynamic fluid structure that is in constant flux. C)It is a unique, solid barrier custom designed for each type of cell. D) It is a solid structure formed by phospholipids and cholesterol designed to be stable against pressure.

True/False Lysosomes perform digestive functions within a cell.

What is the difference between active and passive transport across the plasma membrane? A) Active transport is ATP dependent, whereas passive transport uses only the kinetic energy of the particles for movement across the plasma membrane. B) Active transport is used to move substances down their concentration gradient, whereas passive transport is used to move substances against their concentration gradient. C) Active transport means that the cell is actively going after substances that it wants to bring into the cell, whereas passive transport means that the cell just waits for the substance to cross the membrane. D) Active transport implies that the cell is working with other cells, whereas passive transport implies that the cell does not cooperate with other cells.

The orderly sequence of the phases of mitosis is:

True/False Phagocytosis is a form of exocytosis

Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein? A) molecular transport through the membrane B) forms a lipid bilayer C) circulating antibody D) oxygen transport

True/False Cholesterol helps to stabilize the cell membrane while decreasing the mobility of the phospholipids.

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins? A)Golgi apparatus B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum C) mitochondria D) ribosomes

Which of the following is a principle of the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure? A) Phospholipids consist of a polar head and a nonpolar tail made of three fatty acid chains. B) Phospholipids form a bilayer that is largely impermeable to water-soluble molecules. C)All proteins associated with the cell membrane are contained in a fluid layer on the outside of the cell. D) The lipid bilayer is a solid at body temperature, thus protecting the cell.

Crenation (shrinking) is likely to occur in blood cells immersed in ________. A)blood plasma B) a hypertonic solution C) an isotonic solution D) a hypotonic solution

Solutions with a higher concentration of solutes than the concentration inside the cells are __________. A) hypoosmotic B) hypertonic C) isotonic D) hypotonic

Which vesicular transport process occurs primarily in some white blood cells and macrophages? A) exocytosis B) pinocytosis C) phagocytosis D) intracellular vesicular trafficking

Passive membrane transport processes include ________. A) consumption of ATP B) movement of water from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low concentration C) the use of transport proteins when moving substances from areas of low to high concentration D) movement of a substance down its concentration gradient

True/False During interphase of the cell life cycle, the parent cell divides into two daughter cells.

Which structures are fingerlike projections that greatly increase the absorbing surface of cells? A) microvilli B) primary cilia C) flagella D) stereocilia

True/False Each daughter cell resulting from mitotic cell division has exactly as many chromosomes as the parent cell.

In which stage of mitosis do the identical sets of chromosomes uncoil and resume their chromatin form? A) anaphase B) prophase C) metaphase D) telophase

Which of the following is characteristic of cilia? A) They are used for cellular adhesion. B) They move substances in any direction across cell surfaces. C) They are substantially longer than flagella, and are most easily seen in human sperm cells. D) They are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur in large numbers on the exposed surfaces of certain cells.

Mitochondria ________. A) synthesize proteins for use outside the cell B) contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function C) are always the same shape D) are single-membrane structures involved in the breakdown of ATP

Some hormones enter cells via ________. A) primary active transport B) exocytosis C) pinocytosis D) receptor-mediated endocytosis

Which cell organelle provides the majority of the ATP needed by the cell to carry out its metabolic reactions? A) Golgi apparatus B) mitochondrion C) lysosome D) ribosome

________ is a molecular "ferry" that brings amino acids to the ribosome to build a protein. A) DNA B) mRNA C) rRNA D) t-RNA

Which statement correctly characterizes bound ribosomes? 1) Bound ribosomes are enclosed in their own membrane. 2) Bound and free ribosomes are structurally different. 3) Bound ribosomes generally synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins. 4) The most common location for bound ribosomes is the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane. 5) All of the above.

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? 1) nuclear envelope 2) chloroplast 3) Golgi apparatus 4) plasma membrane 5) ER

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells? 1) chloroplast 2) wall made of cellulose 3) central vacuole 4) mitochondrion 5) centriole

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell? 1) mitochondrion 2) ribosome 3) nuclear envelope 4) chloroplast 5) ER

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes? 1) muscle cell 2) nerve cell 3) phagocytic white blood cell 4) leaf cell of a plant 5) bacterial cell

Which structure-function pair is mismatched? 1) nucleolus; production of ribosomal subunits 2) lysosome; intracellular digestion 3) ribosome; protein synthesis 4) Golgi; protein trafficking 5) microtubule; muscle contraction

_____ are surface appendages that allow a bacterium to stick to a surface. 1) Cell walls 2) Flagella 3) Ribosomes 4) Mitochondria 5) Pili

In eukaryotic cells the first step in protein synthesis is the _____. 1) translation of an RNA nucleotide sequence into a sequence of amino acids 2) linking of nucleotides to form a polypeptide 3) translation of a DNA nucleotide sequence into a sequence of amino acids 4) transferring of information from DNA to messenger RNA 5) removal of introns from RNA and the stitching together of exons

Which organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion? 1) lysosome 2) ribosome 3) chloroplast 4) Golgi apparatus 5) plasmodesma

The cilia and flagella of eukaryotic cells are composed of _____. 1) microtubules 2) intermediate filaments 3) microfilaments 4) pili 5) tonofilaments

The primary role of _____ is to bind animal cells together. 1) plasmodesmata 2) gap (communicating) junctions 3) the cytoskeleton 4) desmosomes 5) tight junctions

Ribosomal subunits are manufactured by the _____. 1) lysosome 2) nucleolus 3) peroxisome 4) rough endoplasmic reticulum 5) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

_____ are the sites of protein synthesis. 1) Mitochondria 2) Peroxisomes 3) Golgi apparatuses 4) Microfilaments 5) Ribosomes

Which of these is involved in the manufacture of membrane? 1) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 2) ribosomes 3) Golgi apparatus 4) nucleolus 5) rough endoplasmic reticulum

The _____ is a selective barrier, regulating the passage of material into and out of the cell. 1) lysosome 2) nuclear envelope 3) chloroplast 4) plasma membrane 5) nucleus

Where is calcium stored? 1) mitochondria 2) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 3) centrioles 4) rough endoplasmic reticulum 5) microtubules

Which of these are hollow rods that shape and support the cell? 1) plasma membrane 2) microtubules 3) chloroplasts 4) microfilaments 5) peroxisomes

The _____ is composed of DNA and protein. 1) mitochondrion 2) flagellum 3) centriole 4) chromatin 5) ribosome

Which of the following is the simplest collection of matter that can live? 1) cell 2) tissue 3) organ 4) molecules 5) none of the above

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells? 1) cytosol 2) plasma membrane 3) mitochondria 4) ribosomes 5) RNA

A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through _____. 1) a microtubule 2) several different organelle membranes 3) a ribosome 4) the nucleus 5) the plasma membrane

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? 1) Only eukaryotic cells can synthesize proteins but prokaryotic cells cannot. 2) Only eukaryotic cells have DNA. 3) Compartmentalization of the cytoplasm by membrane-bounded organelles only occurs in eukaryotic cells. 4) Eukaryotic cells have a plasma membrane and prokaryotic cells do not. 5) Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells.

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical eukaryotic cell they _____. 1) lack chromosomes 2) have a smaller nucleus 3) lack a plasma membrane 4) have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm 5) have no ribosomes

Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common? 1) mitochondria, cytoplasm, plasma membrane 2) ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm 3) nucleus, plasma membrane, ribosomes 4) mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoplasm 5) ribosomes, nucleus, plasma membrane

Other than the nucleus, which organelle has its own DNA?

Which of the following describes a holocrine gland? A)Holocrine glands secrete their products by rupturing. B)Holocrine glands secrete their products by exocytosis. C)Holocrine glands secrete their products by endocytosis. D)Holocrine glands secrete their products by pinching off the apex of the cell.

Connective tissues ________. A)arise from different types of embryonic tissue; therefore, they have little relationship or kinship to one another B)are never vascularized C)primarily consist of extracellular matrix D)are delicate tissues, not designed to bear weight or withstand abrasion or tension

Select the TRUE statement. A)Bundles of collagen are often found in loose connective tissue. B)Loose connective tissue includes cartilage. C)Dense connective tissue includes adipose tissue. D)Dense connective tissue is often called fibrous connective tissue