Quiz 3 Microbiology

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called: flagella. cilia. fimbriae. periplasmic flagella (axial filaments). sex pili.

The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be: material would not be able to cross the cell membrane. protein synthesis would stop. destruction of the cell's DNA. formation of glycogen inclusions. loss of capsule.

Which structure protects bacteria from being phagocytized? slime layer fimbriae cell membrane capsule All of the choices are correct

All of the following structures contribute to the ability of pathogenic bacteria to cause disease, except: inclusions. fimbriae. capsule. slime layer. outer membrane of gram-negative cell walls.

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is: Mycobacterium. Mycoplasma. Streptococcus. Corynebacterium. Salmonella.

Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell wall component of : gram-negative bacteria. gram-positive bacteria. acid-fast bacteria. mycoplasmas. protoplasts.

The site/s for most ATP synthesis in prokaryotic cells is/are the: ribosomes. mitochondria. cell wall. inclusions. cell membrane.

Which is mismatched? ribosomes - protein synthesis inclusions - excess cell nutrients and materials plasmids - genes essential for growth and metabolism. nucleoid - hereditary material cytoplasm - dense, gelatinous solution

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell structure detects calcium dipicolinic acid. What is the identity of this structure? cell wall capsule slime layer nucleoid endospore

Bacterial endospores are not produced by Staphylococcus. Sporosarcina. Bacillus. Clostridium. All of the choices are correct.

Which statement is not a characteristic of biofilms? They can be involved with human disease. They involve bacteria only. They evolve and adapt to their surroundings. They are very difficult to eliminate with antimicrobials. They can accumulate on living and non-living surfaces.

Which phylum is mismatched? Gracilicutes - gram-negative cell walls Firmicutes - gram-positive cell walls Actinobacteria - waxy acid fast cell walls Proteobacteria - archaea cell walls None of the choices are correct

The presence of thylakoids, phycocyanin, gas inclusions, and cysts would be associated with green sulfur bacteria. cyanobacteria. purple sulfur bacteria. archaea. spirochetes.

Sarcinae refers to: cocci in pairs. a cuboidal packet of cells. groups of endopsores. coffee-bean shaped rods in pairs. vibrios in threes.

All of the following are correct about biofilms, except: they are cooperative associations among several microbial groups. they play an important role in recycling elements in the earth. they can colonize medical devices. an example could be the scum that builds up in toilet bowls. they are harmless aggregations of microbes.

All of the following are correct about a slime layer, except: it is a type of glycocalyx. it can be easily washed off the cell. it protects the cell from loss of water and nutrients. it enables movement of cells. it allows cells to participate in biofilms.

In the Gram stain, the mordant is : Crystal Violet. Safranin. Alcohol. Water. Iodine.

A microoganism has been described to you as living in hot acidic habitats in the waste piles of coal mines that regularly sustain a pH of 1 and a temperature of nearly 60°C. Which type of organism do you immediately assume it is? Gracillucates Firmicutes Actinobacteria Archaea Spirochaetes

Which of the following characteristics is not a property of cells or living things? Cell boundary Ability to replicate Nucleus Responds to stimulus All of the choices are correct

The eukaryotic cell organelle that most resembles a bacterial cell is the: nucleus. golgi apparatus. mitochondria. lysosome. ribosome.

Cilia are found in certain: protozoa. algae. fungi. bacteria. All of the choices are correct.

Cell walls are not found on typical cells of: protozoa. algae. fungi. bacteria. All of the choices are correct.

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible thread-like mass called the: nuclear envelope. nucleosome. nucleolus. nucleoplasm. chromatin.

The eukaryotic cell's glycocalyx is: mostly polysaccharide. the site where many metabolic reactions occur. also called the cell wall. composed of many diverse proteins. protection against osmotic lysis.

The endosymbiotic theory says that precursor eukaryotic cells acquired flagella by endosymbiosis with a _____ ancestor, and others gained photosynthetic ability from endosymbiosis with a _____ ancestor. protozoan, algae archaea, cyanobacteria spirochete, cyanobacteria helminth, algae None of the choices are correct.

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the: mitochondria. lysosomes. Golgi apparatus. chloroplasts. endoplasmic reticulum.

Organelles found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi are the: mitochondria. lysosomes. Golgi apparatus. chloroplasts. endoplasmic reticulum.

The cytoskeleton: anchors organelles. provides support. functions in movements of the cytoplasm. helps maintain cell shape. All of the choices are correct.

Filamentous fungi are called: pseudohyphae. septa. molds. dimorphic. mycelium.

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called: dimorphic. saprobes. pseudohyphae. spores. Fungi Imperfecti (Deuteromycota).

Which of the following spores are produced within a sac? chlamydospores sporangiospores blastospores arthrospores zygospores

A mold is observed to have asexual conidia, sexual spores within a sac, and septate hyphae. It is most likely classified in the: Zygomycota. Ascomycota. Basidiomycota. Deuteromycota. Fungi Imperfecti.

Which is not a characteristic of fungi? cells have cell walls photosynthetic include single-celled and filamentous forms heterotrophic nutrition can use a wide variety of nutrients

Which is mismatched? Pyrrophyta - euglenids Chrysophyta - diatoms Phaeophyta - brown algae Rhodophyta - red seaweed Chlorophyta - green algae

The motile, feeding stage of protozoa is called the: trophozoite. cyst. sporozoite. oocyst. food vacuole.

Which is mismatched? Giardia - transmitted by feces in drinking water Histoplasma - causes Ohio Valley fever Trichomonas - sexually transmitted Plasmodium - causes Chagas disease Saccharomyces - yeast in making bread and beer

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths? in kingdom Protista parasitic worms eggs and sperm for reproduction often alternate hosts in complex life cycles have various organ systems

Both fish and humans develop neurological symptoms and bloody skin lesions due to a sudden "bloom" of this algae: Prototheca Pfiesteria piscida diatoms Phaeophyta All of the above.

In order to reproduce sexually, diploid cells must produce _________ gametes through ________. diploid, mitosis diploid, meiosis haploid, mitosis haploid, meiosis triploid, mitosis

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in synthesis of ___________. glycogen proteins glucose nucleic acids lipids

Which of the following is the cause of malaria? Toxoplasma gondii Plasmodium Giardia Leishmania Trypanosoma

All of the following are correct about helminthes except: they generally make only a few eggs per day. they are not all parasites, although some are. as parasites, their reproductive organs are their most developed organs. their eggs and larvae are vulnerable to heat. tapeworms and pinworms are two examples.

Viruses have all the following except: definite shape. metabolism. genes. ability to infect host cells. ultramicroscopic size.

The core of every virus particle always contains: DNA. capsomers. enzymes. DNA and RNA. either DNA or RNA.

Which of the following represents a virus family name? Herpes simplex virus Herpesviridae Picornavirus Enterovirus Hepatitis B virus

Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus: spike. capsomere. envelope. capsid. core.

All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except they: are gained as a virus leaves the host cell membrane. are found primarily on animal viruses. contain special virus proteins. help the virus particle attach to host cells. are located between the capsid and nucleic acid.

These structures are used by bacteriophages to attach to host cell receptors: sheath tail fibers nucleic acid capsid head None of the choices are correct.

The correct sequence of events in viral multiplication is: penetration, replication, maturation, adsorption, assembly, release. replication, penetration, maturation, assembly, absorption, release. adsorption, penetration, replication, maturation, assembly, release. assembly, maturation, replication, release, penetration, adsorption. adsorption, release, maturation, replication, assembly, penetration.

Viruses acquire envelopes around their nucleocapsids during: replication. assembly. adsorption. release. penetration.

Visible, clear, well-defined patches in a monolayer of virus-infected cells in a culture are called lysogeny. budding. plaques. cytopathic effects. pocks.

Which of the following is a type of cytopathic effect? inclusions in the nucleus multinucleated giant cells inclusions in the cytoplasm cells round up All of the choices are correct.

Infectious protein particles are called: viroids. phages. prions. oncogenic viruses. spikes.

Satellite viruses are: also called viroids. dependent on other viruses for replication. the cause of spongiform encephalopathies. significant pathogens of plants. All of the choices are correct.

The capsomers are made of: DNA. RNA. lipids. protein. carbohydrate.

The nucleocapsid consists of: the capsomers assembled into the capsid. the nucleic acid of the virus only. the nucleic acid along with the capsid. the envelope and capsid. the envelope, nucleic acid, and capsid.

Which of the following viruses did D. Ivanovski and M. Beijerinck work with? Rabies Smallpox Tobacco Mosaic Virus Herpes Epstein-Barr virus

Which body system is mainly affected by Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease? digestive genitourinary nervous circulatory respiratory

All of the following are characteristics of viruses except: they can be crystallized. they often have a geometric capsid. they have a viscous fluid inside their capsids. they can cause fatal diseases. they can cause mild diseases.

Clostridium botulinum is made virulent by incorporated prophage genes encoding for the botulinum toxin. What term describes this process? Lytic phase Budding Adsorption Lysogenic conversion Latent phase