Mastering A&P Chapter 15 Special Senses

25 July 2022
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question
Identify the muscle that is controlled by the abducens nerve (CN VI).
answer
B "The lateral rectus muscle rotates the eye laterally, therefore "abducting" the field of vision. This is the only muscle innervated by the abducens nerve."
question
Which of these is NOT found in the olfactory epithelium?
answer
olfactory tracts "The olfactory tracts begin in the olfactory bulb and proceed to the brain. They are not found in the olfactory epithelium."
question
True or False The mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and is reflected over the anterior surface of the eyeball is the conjunctiva.
answer
True
question
True or False The anterior chamber of the eye is filled with vitreous humor.
answer
False
question
True or False Light passes through the entire thickness of the neural layer of the retina to excite the photoreceptors.
answer
True
question
The ability to clearly see objects at a distance but not close up is properly called ________.
answer
hyperopia
question
During close vision, what actions must the eye take to bring an object into focus?
answer
contract the ciliary body "Contracting the ciliary body would allow the lens to recoil and bulge, which would enhance focus on close objects."
question
During dark adaptation ________.
answer
rhodopsin accumulates in the rods
question
The first "way station" in the visual pathway from the eye, after there has been partial crossover of the fibers in the optic chiasma, is the ________.
answer
lateral geniculate body of the thalamus
question
Which of the follow types of neurons are replaced throughout adult life?
answer
olfactory receptor cells
question
Flavor preferences, our likes and dislikes are said to have a "homeostatic value". Which of the following is the best example of this homeostatic value for taste preferences?
answer
Alkaloids are chemical compounds in plants that are frequently toxic "antifeedant" chemicals. Alkaloids are often unpleasantly bitter.
question
Identify the type of neuron that would be secreting neurotransmitter in the light.
answer
A and B "In the light, bipolar cells would not be suppressed by the rods and cones, so they would secrete neurotransmitter on the ganglion cells, which would in turn secrete neurotransmitter in the thalamus."
question
What advantage is there in having the special sensory organs confined to the head region?
answer
rapid impulse transmission
question
Glaucoma is one of the primary causes of blindness in the United States. It's not a single disease but rather a group of eye conditions leading to optic nerve damage and permanent blindness. Which of the following is a medical condition that would greatly increase a person's risk of developing glaucoma?
answer
hypertension
question
Baby Susie's pediatrician notices that one of her eyes rotates outward and that she does not appear to be using it for vision. What is her condition, and what does the pediatrician recommend?
answer
Susie has strabismus. The doctor's recommendations are for eye exercises and/or placing a patch over the unaffected eye; in severe cases, the condition may require surgery.