Laws Of Inheritance Bio 2 By Paulina Bui

The code for heredity is carried on GENES in each organism's DNA. The process of passing traits from parents to offspring is known as HEREDITY. The study of passing traits from parents to offspring is known as GENETICS.

Traits are passed from parents to offspring by genes that code for every trait of an organism and are located in the DNA. The law of segregation is the first law of inheritance, which states that two members of a gene pair separate during the formation of gametes and are distributed so that every gamete receives only one member of gene pair.

-Gregor Mendel studied pea plants to understand how traits are passed from parents to offspring. 1.They reproduce sexually. 2.Their traits are easily observed. -He formed a five-part hypothesis, a possible explanation or answer to a scientific question that is based on prior knowledge or research and is testable.

-A pair of factors (genes) controls traits or characteristics. -One gene from each parent for every trait. -Each trait (e.g..color, shape, texture) is passed from generation to generation. -When gametes (i.e.. sex cells) are formed, the genes separate and are passed to each gamete. -If there are two unlike genes for a characteristic, one may be seen while the other is hidden.

Gregor Mendel studied pea plants to determine the patterns of inheritance. What is not a reason Mendel used pea plants in his experiments? Check all that apply. -They were drought resistant. -They only had two traits to study. Mendel formed a possible explanation for the outcomes he observed in pea plants. Mendel formed a HYPOTHESIS.

Allele: The gene form for each variation of a trait Phenotype (physically what they looked like): The physical appearance or characteristics seen in organism Genotype: An organism's gene or allele combination

1.Purple 2.PP Item 1 can be described as the PHENOTYPE. Item 2 can be described as the GENOTYPE. The "p" represents an ALLELE from one parent. A trait that can possibly mask another trait is known as a DOMINANT TRAIT. A trait that is masked is known as a RECESSIVE trait. A plant has the genotype pp. The p can be considered a RECESSIVE trait.

Scientific statements must be testable and reproducible. -Hypothesis: A possible explanation or answer to a scientific question that is based on prior knowledge or research and is testable. -Theory: A hypothesis or group of related hypotheses that can be accepted as true based on repeated experimentation with similar results. -Law: A statement of fact that is generally accepted to be true and universal because it has always been observed to be true.

P: YY x yy F1: Yy Yy Yy Yy F2: YY Yy Yy yy

Law of Segregation: The first law of inheritance, which states that two members of a gene pair separate during the formation of gametes and are distributed so that every gamete receives only one member of the gene pair. Example: Tt --> T--> t -There are alternate forms of genes, known as ALLELES. -An organism inherits one allele from each parent. -A sperm or egg carries only one allele for each trait. -When the alleles are different, one is fully expressed and the other is masked or hidden.

Which phrase defines a law? -A statement of fact that is generally accepted to be true and universal because it has always been observed to be true. The law of segregation states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation. How then do we have two alleles for a trait? -We receive one allele from each parent.

P: RRYY x rryy F1:RrYy x RrYy F2: R_Y R_yy rrY_ rryy Law of Independent Assortment: The second law of inheritance, which states that traits are passed from parents to offspring independently of one another.

A seed has alleles for color (yellow or green) and shape (round or wrinkled). How did Mendel's law of independent assortment describe how these traits were passed from parents to offspring. Check all that apply. -Each trait is passed independently of the other. How are alleles passed for guinea pig fur color and length? One allele for fur color and one allele for fur length is passed to the offspring from each parent.

yellow pod color

purple petal

tall height