Bi 112 Ch 13 Questions

. The first detailed and quantitative studies on inheritance were carried out by an Austrian monk named _____. A. Mendel B. Darwin C. Mendeleev D. Benedict

Mendel used the garden ___ plant for his studies on inheritance. A. lily B. carrot C. onion D. pea

The phenotypic ratio for the F1 generation that results from a testcross between a homozygous individual and a heterozygous individual is A. 1:1 B. 2:1 C. 3:1 D. 1:2:1

In modern terminology, Mendel's heredity "factors" are called A. DNA. B. chromosomes. C. genes. D. RNA.

The observable expression of the genes present in an organism is called its A. phenotype. B. genotype. C. pedigree. D. karyotype

Alternate forms of the same gene are called A. homologues. B. genotypes. C. cofactors. D. alleles

The Principle of ________ states that the 2 alleles present at each gene locus separate from one another during gamete formation and remain distinct. A. Alleles B. Segregation C. Crossing over D. Dominance E. Independent assortment

Mendel used the ______ to determine whether an individual with the dominant phenotype was homozygous or heterozygous for that trait. A. backcross B. testcross C. dihybrid cross D. F2 generation E. double cross

A diploid organism that has two identical alleles for a given trait is called _______ for that trait. A. homozygous B. heterozygous C. dominant D. recessive E. codominant

An allele for a particular trait that is only expressed in the presence of a second copy of the same allele is called A. dominant. B. codominant. C. incompletely dominant. D. recessive. E. pleiotropic.

During his experiments with pea plants, Mendel referred to the trait that was expressed in the F1 or first filial generation as A. recessive. B. dominant. C. codominant. D. independent. E. homozygous.

In Mendel's experiments on seed color in pea plants, when a dominant yellow seed-bearing plant was crossed with a recessive green seed-bearing plant, what was the approximate phenotypic ratio among the F2 generation? A. 1 yellow: 3 green B. 1 yellow: 1 green C. 3 yellow: 1 green D. all yellow E. 9:3:3:1

. Individuals that have 2 alleles for most gene loci are best described as A. haploid. B. diploid. C. dihybrid. D. homozygous. E. heterozygous.

If fertilization involves two gametes that contain different alleles of a given gene, the resulting offspring is A. dihybrid. B. haploid. C. heterozygous. D. homozygous. E. polygenic.

In a heterozygous individual, the allele being expressed is A. recessive. B. codominant. C. pleiotropic. D. dominant. E. epistatic.

An allele that is present but unexpressed is A. codominant. B. dominant. C. pleiotropic. D. epistatic. E. recessive.

The allelic make up of a cell or individual is referred to as its A. blueprint. B. genotype. C. phenotype. D. pedigree.

. The observable outward manifestation of the genes of an individual is referred to as its A. blueprint. B. genotype. C. phenotype. D. genetic map. E. pedigree.

What type of cross is used to determine if an individual with the dominant form of a trait is homozygous or heterozygous? A. double cross B. dihybrid cross C. reciprocal cross D. test cross E. back cross

A cross where we follow the inheritance of 2 pairs of alleles is called A. homozygous. B. monohybrid. C. dihybrid. D. heterozygous. E. diallelic.

. Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall plants and t = dwarf. If the upper case letters represent the dominant alleles, what is the phenotype of a plant with the genotype PpTt? A. purple flowers, tall B. purple flowers, dwarf C. white flowers, tall D. white flowers, dwarf E. pale purple flowers, intermediate height

Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall plants and t = dwarf. What are the genotypes of the gametes that could be produced by a plant that is heterozygous for both traits? A. PpTt only B. both Pp and Tt C. P, p, T, and t D. PT, Pt, pT, and pt E. Tt, TT, tt, Pp, PP, and pp

Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall plants and t = dwarf. Of the 16 possible gamete combinations in the dihybrid cross between 2 double heterozygotes, how many would produce the phenotype white, tall? A. none B. 1 C. 3 D. 9 E. 16

. Mendel's Principle of Independent Assortment states that different pairs of A. non-homologous chromosomes segregate independently of each other. B. sister chromatids segregate independently of each other. C. non-sister chromatids segregate independently of each other. D. alleles segregate independently of each other. E. gametes segregate independently of each other

. The independent assortment of allele pairs is due to A. the independent segregation of homologous chromosome pairs during anaphase II. B. the random combination of gametes during fertilization. C. the independent segregation of sister chromatid pairs during anaphase I. D. the independent segregation of non-sister chromatid pairs during anaphase II. E. the independent segregation of homologous chromosome pairs during anaphase I.

. If a single gene has 3 or more alternative forms, this is called A. pleiotropy. B. multiple alleles. C. epistasis. D. blending inheritance. E. codominance.

Sometimes, one gene pair will interfere with the expression of a second gene pair in an interaction called A. incomplete dominance. B. codominance. C. blending inheritance. D. pleiotropy. E. epistasis.

If an individual allele has more than one effect on the phenotype, this is called A. pleiotropy. B. epistasis. C. blending inheritance. D. multiple alleles. E. polygenic inheritance.

ABO blood group determination is an example of A. epistasis. B. incomplete dominance. C. polygenic inheritance. D. multiple alleles. E. pleiotropy.

When Mendel crossed purple-flowered pea plants with white-flowered pea plants, he never got offspring with flowers that had an intermediate color. This was counter to the theory of A. independent assortment. B. blending inheritance. C. direct transmission of traits. D. segregation of alleles. E. continuous variation of traits.

Sometimes, when Mendel crossed two purple-flowered pea plants with each other, he obtained a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 (purple-flowered pea plants to white-flowered pea plants). These results are consistent with which of the following sets of parents? A. homozygous purple pea plant and homozygous white pea plant B. homozygous purple pea plant and heterozygous white pea plant C. heterozygous purple pea plant and homozygous white pea plant D. heterozygous purple pea plant and homozygous purple pea plant E. heterozygous purple pea plant and heterozygous purple pea plant

Height is a trait that shows continuous variation in humans. In pea plants, on the other hand, the tall allele is dominant over the short allele and there are no intermediate heights. What is the best explanation for this difference? A. The alleles that control height in pea plants are epistatic. B. The alleles that control height in pea plants are pleiotropic. C. The alleles that control height in humans are pleiotropic. D. Height is a polygenic trait in humans. E. Height is a polygenic trait in pea plants.

An extensive study was conducted on identical twins who were separated at birth. Among other things, the study showed that the individual from each pair who received better nutrition during childhood tended to score higher on standardized intelligence tests. This can best be described as an example of how A. mutation alters genotype. B. environment alters phenotype. C. environment alters genotype. D. mutation alters genotype. E. pleiotropic genes affect more than one trait.

Irene knows her blood type is A, but William does not know his blood type. However, William knows that his mother and father both had blood type B. Irene and William's first child is a boy with type O blood. Based on this information, William"s blood type could be A. B only B. either B or O C. O only D. either AB or O E. A only

A person who has lost a large amount of blood but is still alive is found in a wrecked automobile under a highway bridge. Several people are helping the paramedics load the victim into the ambulance. After the ambulance has departed for the hospital, you overhear the following conversation from the persons who helped the paramedics. "I am certain that when that guy gets to the hospital, they will transfuse him with any blood that they have in the blood bank since he has lost so much blood." The other person says, "Yeah, I bet you're right!" Having had a biology course, you know which blood could be safely given to anyone. Select it below. A. A B. B C. AB D. O

. A diploid individual carrying two identical alleles at a given gene locus is called A. homologous. B. heterozygous. C. homozygous. D. dihybrid.

The ______ of an organism refers to the alleles that are present. A. genotype B. karyotype C. pedigree D. phenotype E. pleiotropy

The observable expression of the genes present is called A. genotype B. karyotype C. epistasis D. phenotype

A diploid individual carrying two different alleles at a given gene locus is called A. homologous. B. heterozygous. C. homozygous. D. polygenic.

A male fruit fly has the genotype PpYYrrTt. In terms of these 4 allele pairs, how many different types of gametes can he form? A. 2 B. 4 C. 8 D. 16