Interpersonal Communication Part 1

Which term is used for anything that interferes with the accurate decoding of a message?

The concept of perceptual filters states that everyone will derive the same meaning from any given message

The sign in the library that reads "No Talking Allowed" would constitute an example of what?

A sense of morality and the judgment of right and wrong are known as

Metacommunication occurs when individuals discuss the meaning or subtext of their messages

Imagine that you have just called a friend, but your friend didn't take the call and it went to voicemail. At first, you assume your friend was simply away from the phone or busy, but you start to wonder if he might be angry with you or ignoring you. This exercise is an example of what?

Different cultures have different standards that define communication. This cultural variation speaks to which element of communication competence?

Which type of noise is associated with distractions that result from a loud environment?

Which of the following is an example of a channel-rich communication context?

Most people in the United States believe they are above-average communicators.

Human interaction is critical for the health of both infants and adults.

Ethical communication generally involves treating people fairly, communicating honestly, and avoiding immoral behavior.

Instrumental needs are the least important needs served by communication.

Context and feedback are aspects of the action model of communication.

Words have inherent meanings.

Lack of effective communication is the most commonly cited reason for relationship failure.

Which of the following is an example of feedback that someone might provide in response to a message?

The ability to take another person's perspective, and to think and feel as that person does, is called what?

Having empathy means feeling sorry for someone else.

Which aspect of communication relates to how well a message meets its goals?

Which of the following best defines stigma?

When your roommate says "We're out of detergent again" and you take that as a criticism, you are paying attention to which aspect of the message?

The fact that some people lie in order to take advantage of others refutes which of the following myths of communication?

Competent communication must be both effective and appropriate.

Researchers use which term to describe how aware people are of their own behaviors?

Studies involving communication between infants and caregivers have reliably demonstrated which of the following?

According to research, what is the most powerful predictor of happiness in life?

In the United States, most people understand that they are expected to form a line and wait for their turn. That is an example of which type of rule?

Which of the following would be considered an instrumental need that can be met through communication?

Which model considers both people in a conversation to be senders and receivers simultaneously?

When people engage in communication about their communication, they are engaging in a process called

In the communication process, noise can be either physical or psychological.

Your self-concept is made up of the perceptions you have about who you are as a person.

Fellowship face refers to our need to avoid being imposed upon by others.

Image management is a complex, collaborative process.

According to the Johari window, there are aspects of our personalities that others can see in us but that we are unaware of. These are known as the ________ aspects of our self.

Scientific studies have confirmed that girls have lower self-esteem than boys.

As articulated by Schutz, the need for affection refers to the need to have people love and appreciate us.

Jason went to a party with several of his friends last weekend. While he was there, he made several inappropriate comments and did not notice that people were offended by what he was saying. Afterward, several people at the party commented to Jason's friends that they were surprised and upset by his behavior. Which of the following statements is likely true of Jason?

Self-concept is entirely subjective.

Social penetration theory uses the metaphor of an onion to illustrate how self-disclosure develops over time in a relationship.

When we consider how we want to be perceived by other people, we are considering our

When we evaluate our own merits with respect to certain reference groups, we are engaging in a process known as

Schutz identified three fundamental interpersonal needs. Which particular need is the most similar in meaning to fellowship face?

Your own understanding of who you are as a person comprises your

Martin disclosed something personal to his friend Tony. Afterward, Tony felt as though he had to disclose something personal in return. Tony's feelings exemplify which principle?

One of the ways we figure out who we are is by seeing who others think we are. The term for that process is

When Sheila asked her friend Tommy to help her move at the end of the semester, she may have threatened his ________ face needs.

Groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous encourage people to share about problems they are facing. This type of disclosure is based theoretically on which of the following principles?

Self-fulfilling prophecies that we make for ourselves often affect the behavior of others.

Research has shown that genes have little or no influence on personality.

Low self-monitors are more likely than high self-monitors to appear unsophisticated or socially awkward.

Judy thinks it's going to rain today, so she behaves in ways that are consistent with that prediction (e.g., she wears her raincoat, she carries her umbrella). In fact, it does rain, just as she predicted. Is this an example of a self-fulfilling prophecy? Pick the correct answer and explanation.

According to social penetration theory, the ________ dimension concerns the number of topics disclosed, whereas the ________ dimension concerns the level of detail in topics disclosed.

In personal relationships, it's always best to increase the breadth and depth of self-disclosure.

Most research supports the notion that low self-disclosure is the underlying cause of juvenile delinquency and anti-social behavior.

Regarding the benefits of high self-esteem, which of the following statements has been supported by the research?

Any time you expect something to happen and then it does happen, that's a self-fulfilling prophecy.

When Jon and Ernesto met in their English class, they were both hesitant to share much about their personal lives. As the semester progressed and they became better friends, they felt comfortable sharing more and more with each other. Which element of self-disclosure is reflected in their relationship?

The way you tend to think and act in most situations defines your

Your subjective evaluation of yourself is known as

According to the norm of reciprocity, people expect the level of disclosures in their personal relationships to be relatively equivalent.

Which face need refers to our need to be respected for our abilities and intelligence?

According to the textbook, which of the following statements about people with low self-esteem is true?

How are interpretations different from facts?

You liked most everything about your new roommate when you first met, but when you found out she smokes, that overshadowed all of her good qualities in your mind. What perception-making process are you displaying here?

During your first session of this class, your instructor introduced him or herself and you probably respected his or her position as an authoritative figure in the classroom. Which of the following classification schema likely helped you organize that information?

Your senses are unable to attend to every stimulus in the environment at the same time.

Which of the following sequences accurately depicts the process of stereotype formation?

Perceptual ability is influenced by social and occupational roles.

People "see" faces in all sorts of natural phenomena, including clouds, tree bark, and even rocks on Mars. This is an example of which perception-making process?

If an attribution is internal then it must also be controllable.

The stages of perception happen in a very ordered and linear fashion.

Physiology exerts several effects on interpersonal perception.

According to your text, the perception-making process consists of three stages. Which of the following is NOT among them?

Egocentrism is a normal stage of human development.

Which of the following techniques can help in the perception-checking process?

Idealizing a romantic partner at the beginning of a new relationship is a common example of the ________ bias.

Over attribution is essentially the same thing as the primacy effect.

Samantha was a fantastic softball player, but she rarely took credit for her success. Every time a reporter from the school paper would ask her for a quote, Samantha would say, "I just got lucky today," or, "Their pitcher just gave me something I could hit." Which of the following likely factors into Samantha's personality?

Organization is the process of assigning meaning to something you have perceived.

Angela had just been promoted to department chair at the college where she taught. Although she treated everyone the same, several of the male professors in the department were put off by Angela's requests. As a result, the female professors thought of Angela as fair and equitable in her treatment, but the male professors began resenting her and openly challenging her position on several issues. The male professors probably treated Angela that way because they

A fellow student in one of your communication classes, Rose, starts acting particularly nice to you in the weeks leading up to the first exam. Classmates have frequently treated you this way in the past in the hope that you will help them study. As a result, you are suspicious of Rose's motives. In this scenario, you are likely basing your suspicions on

An explanation for why something occurred is called a(n)

Many factors affect the likelihood that we will notice a certain object in our environment. Which of the following does NOT lead to increased attention?

When it comes to perception-making, it is always best to have the most information possible.

In which of the following instances might you have committed the self-serving bias?

The self-serving bias is a form of self-delusion.

Which term refers to the ongoing process of making meaning from what we experience in our environment?

We have a tendency to discount first impressions as untrustworthy.

Profanity is highly context-specific.

Only false statements can ever qualify as libel.

A structured system of symbols used for creating meaning is known as a(n)

Phonological rules deal with the correct pronunciation of words.

An I-statement claims ownership of what one is feeling or thinking, whereas a you-statement shifts that responsibility to the other person.

Slang can serve an important social function by helping people distinguish between those who do and do not belong to their social networks.

Which persuasion strategy takes advantage of the speaker's credibility?

The literal, "dictionary" definition of a word is its ________ meaning.

Verbal communication includes both spoken and written language.

An allness claim is one in which the speaker intentionally misleads the hearer by arguing that everyone else agrees with his or her position.

All language is symbolic, and all symbolic systems constitute language.

Which of the following statements about smoking is the best example of an appeal to pathos?

What type of language rule deals with the correct pronunciation of words?

Which of the following statements about language and culture is true?

According to research, women who take their husbands' name when they marry differ in some ways from women who keep their birth name. Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is true about I-statements?

Using emotion to persuade is known as an appeal to ethos.

Regarding defamation, which of the following is true?

Saying that someone has been "let go" instead of "fired" is an example of which language behavior?

Pennebaker's research shows that verbal communication has little ability to provide comfort and healing.

Most Hispanic, southern European, and Middle Eastern cultures are classified as low-contact cultures.

The tendency to assume that attractive people also have other positive qualities is called what?

Which is the term used for textual representations of facial expressions, often used in e-mail messages?

Which of the following nonverbal cues is commonly associated with deception, according to research?

Contemporary research suggests that approximately what percentage of meaning is transmitted nonverbally?

When nonverbal cues conflict with verbal cues, people usually believe the verbal statements.

The study of touch behavior is known as

Rick's manager, Susan, called him into her office one afternoon to discuss his annual evaluation. As soon as Rick sat down, Susan said, "Rick, your performance is unacceptable and I'm going to have to let you go." After a moment of silence, Susan grinned and winked at Rick, and he knew she was joking. Susan used nonverbal communication to

Children who are regularly touched develop stronger immune systems than those who are not.

When people get excited or aroused, what usually happens to their voice?

The pupil of the eye contracts when we look at someone we find attractive.

Arousal is an increase in energy.

Most research strongly supports the common notion that beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

Of all the senses, smell is most strongly tied to memory.

People tend to be most attracted to others whose natural body odors are different from their own.

Voices that have low amounts of inflection are said to be monotone

The study of how people use movement is called what?

The face communicates more information than any other nonverbal channel.

Which aspect of facial attractiveness refers to the relative size of facial features, such as the nose or ears?

Which of the following statements about facial or vocal expressions of emotions is factually incorrect?

When Rachel saw her neighbor Harold in the hallway, he quickly flagged her down and began to speak with her. Throughout their conversation, Harold maintained steady eye contact, spoke very quickly, laughed frequently, and stood closer to Rachel than he usually would. Harold's nonverbal cues indicate that he was

Our use of time can send powerful messages about value and power.

Remorse is a secondary emotion composed of disgust and fear.

Which emotion involves feelings of joy and surprise, along with experiences of excitement and attraction for another person?

Which of the following was NOT found by a study of emotional contagion online?

Social practices and messages influence both the emotions we feel and the ways in which we react to emotions.

Which of the following emotions has a neutral valence?

People raised in collectivistic cultures typically express more negative emotion to outsiders than do people raised in individualistic cultures.

Which of the following is true about the relationship between jealousy and envy?

Which of the following statements about the amygdala is FALSE?

Emotions generally last longer than moods.

Which process involves changing the way you think about the situation that gave rise to a negative emotion?

Social anxiety is a rare and serious psychological disorder.

The action tendency for which emotion is to hide or disappear from others?

Denying and suppressing felt emotions can contribute to a number of health problems.

How are emotions and moods different?

Whereas sadness is an emotion, depression is an illness.

According to your text, women are more likely than men to experience which of the following?

________ is the emotion we experience when we feel we have been wronged in some way.

Which of the following is an example of a primary emotion?

Women are more likely than men to respond to jealousy by trying to make their partners jealous.

A multi-dimensional response to any event that enhances or inhibits your goals is known as a(n)

People who can accurately identify which emotion they're feeling are best equipped to manage their emotions in productive ways.

The emotional contagion effect applies only to positive emotions, such as happiness.

Which of the following statements about communication technology is true?

In every measurable way, women are more emotional than men.

________ is a condition in which people lack the ability to understand, describe, and process emotions.

Uncertainty reduction theory suggests that people get to know each other if they believe the effort will be worth it.

According to equity theory, it is better to be equally benefited than to be over-benefited.

Research finds that assurances and task-sharing do not appear to enhance online relationships.

Which of the following is NOT an emotional reward commonly associated with close relationships?

When you meet Carrie, you are drawn to her as a friend because she is an excellent piano player, just like you are. This is an example of which form of attraction?

________ is the desire to stay in a relationship no matter what happens.

According to the need to belong, we need relationships that are both emotionally close and interactive.

Which of the following statements about similarity is FALSE?

Which of the following reflects the resources we put into a relationship?

When forming online relationships, which of the following strategies reduces uncertainty the most?

Other things being equal, we are more likely to form social relationships with people we see often than with people we don't.

Most couples tend to progress through the stages of coming together in the same way.

Which of the following is NOT a relational maintenance behavior?

Which theory says that each of us is born with a fundamental drive to seek, form, maintain, and protect strong social relationships?

Dialectical tensions are rare in most intimate relationships.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a close relationship?

Elizabeth and Aaron had been married for six months when Elizabeth started to feel dissatisfied in their relationship. Although Aaron was a nice person and fun to be around, he didn't do any of the cooking or cleaning, despite the fact that both of them worked full-time. Elizabeth's dissatisfaction was likely due to the fact that

Which theory predicts that the more we learn about someone, the more we like that person?

Which of the following statements about potential health benefits of relationships is true, according to the text?

A good relationship does not involve any sort of cost to you.

Most relationships have some measure of interdependence; what differentiates them is their degree of interdependence.

When it comes to forming friendships, similarity is good and complementarity is bad.

People use many strategies for dealing with dialectical tensions. Going back and forth between the two sides of a tension is a characteristic of which strategy?

The experimenting stage of relationship development occurs when people meet and interact for the first time.

When considering a potential spouse, someone from an individualistic culture such as the United States would more likely ask which question?

Single-parent families can include biological children, step-children, and/or adopted children.

Mother, son, grandfather, and aunt are all examples of family roles.

Which of the following statements about relationships with clients at work is correct?

Which type of sexual harassment includes requesting romantic or sexual favors in exchange for preferential treatment at work?

According to Mary Anne Fitzpatrick, cognitive models for what marriage is and should be are called

According to Gottman's couple typology, which type of couple handles disagreements in a way that is open, but discussions tend to be competitive rather than cooperative?

The practice of polygamy is, by definition, an exception to which social expectation about marriage?

During conflict episodes, someone playing which family role tends to agree with whatever is said in order to keep others from getting angry?

People in arranged marriages are usually unhappy with their relationship.

Just because friendship is voluntary, that doesn't mean we choose our friends arbitrarily.

Which of the following reasons that people keep opposite-sex relationships non-romantic is NOT shown by the research?

Work relationships usually involve both a task dimension and a social dimension.

Research indicates that becoming friends with your customers is almost always bad for business.

Preliminary research has shown that, compared to heterosexual couples, homosexual couples tend to

Siblings usually comprise a child's first peer group.

Your ________ is the family that includes your parents and your siblings.

Friendship rules are almost always explicit rather than implicit.

Which of the following reasons is most commonly cited for ending a friendship due to changes in life circumstances?

Open relationships are observed among heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual individuals alike.

In the ________ stage of friendship, people begin to drift apart and might lose contact with one another.

Research indicates that most American households are headed by a married couple.

At which stage of friendship do people begin to think of themselves as friends and their communication becomes more personal?