FSHN 120 EXAM 1 REVIEW

1) Of the following, which is NOT an assumed benefit of a local food system? A) A stronger connection between urban consumers and rural inhabitants B) Environmental advantages over a global food system C) Benefit to local economies D) The food is grown on an organic farm

2) The antioxidant found in red wine that may confer health benefits is A) selenium. B) resveratrol. C) retinol. D) lutein

3) Which of the following hormones is released when your blood sugar is too high? A) insulin B) estrogen C) CCK D) glucagon

4) Which of the following supplements would you recommend a vegan add to his/her diet? A) vitamin C B) fiber C) protein D) vitamin B12

5) A high-fiber diet might help decrease blood cholesterol levels by A) keeping stools soft. B) causing fiber to bind with bile and more cholesterol to be excreted. C) trapping cholesterol in pockets in the large intestine. D) preventing ketosis

6) You weighed a team of football players and, according to their Body Mass Index, they are categorized as overweight and obese. Which of the following would you MOST LIKELY conclude? A) Their muscle weight is probably responsible for the elevated BMIs. B) Their bones may be well mineralized, which is responsible for their BMI. C) The BMI tables must be wrong; throw them out. D) The majority are probably obese and should make efforts to lose weight

7) Which of the following statements MOST accurately describes MyPlate? A) a visual model of the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans B) a pyramid-shaped overview of the components of ethnic diets C) a graphic representation of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans D) a visual guide to the Calories and fat content of fast-food meals

8) All of the following EXCEPT ___ describe a sustainable food system A) Use local, seasonally available ingredients B) Promote health and well-being C) Specify food from farming systems that minimize harm to the environment D) Are the least expensive foods available

9) Which of the following is NOT a major function of protein in the human body? A) providing energy to the body B) maintaining fluid balance C) synthesis of hormones D) growth and maintenance of new tissue

10) Serena is 5'8" tall and weighs 180 pounds. Serena's BMI of 27 indicates that she is A) overweight. B) obese. C) underweight. D) at a healthy weight.

11) Hunger, as opposed to appetite, is BEST described as A) eating that is often driven by emotion. B) eating that is often driven by environmental stress. C) a physiological desire or need to consume food. D) a psychological desire to consume food.

12) A condition marked by blood glucose levels that are below normal fasting levels is A) hypoglycemia. B) type 1 diabetes. C) ketoacidosis. D) type 2 diabetes

13) The early weight loss often seen on a high-protein diet is actually a result of A) a loss of body muscle as the high protein stimulates proteolysis. B) lower caloric intake. C) a loss of water that is released when glycogen stores are broken down. D) a loss of adipose tissue and total fat stores.

14) Where in your body does the majority of the digestion and absorption of food occur? A) stomach B) large intestine C) mouth D) small intestine

15) Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) Phytochemicals are naturally occurring compounds found in plants. B) Phytochemicals protect plants from insects and microbes. C) Phytochemicals are nutrients necessary for sustaining health and life. D) Phytochemicals have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and cataracts

16) What element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat? A) carbon B) oxygen C) nitrogen D) hydrogen

17) Lance would like to lose two pounds a week. If his present energy intake is 4,200 kcal a day and his energy expenditure does not change, how many kilocalories should he consume each day to achieve his goal? A) 3,700 B) 3,200 C) 2,500 D) 2,000

18) When blood leaves the small intestine, it is routed directly through the portal vein to the A) heart. B) liver. C) pancreas. D) lungs

19) What is the leading federal agency in the United States that protects human health and safety? A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) B) American Dietetic Association (ADA) C) United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) D) National Institutes of Health (NIH)

20) The storage form of glucose in animals is A) starch. B) raffinose. C) fructose. D) glycogen.

21) When the stomach of an adult is full, it can expand to hold approximately A) 16 cups of food or water. B) 2 cups of food or water. C) 6 cups of food or water. D) 4 cups of food or water.

22) Carlos is a healthy 19-year-old college student who is sedentary. He is 5'11" tall and weighs 175 pounds. How many grams of protein would you recommend he consume each day? A) 75 grams B) 84 grams C) 64 grams D) 55 grams

23) An apple-shaped fat pattern increases a person's risk for which kind of disease? A) gastrointestinal B) liver C) heart D) respiratory

24) One half of the "plate" in the MyPlate eating plan consists of A) grains. B) fruits and vegetables. C) protein. D) dairy.

25) Which of the following would NOT be good advice for someone who is trying to gain weight? A) Do not exercise. B) Eat an additional 500 to 1,000 kcal a day. C) Eat approximately 25 to 30% of kilocalories from fat. D) Eat small, frequent meals.

26) Which statement is FALSE concerning the field of nutrition? A) Nutrition encompasses how we consume, digest, metabolize, and store food. B) Nutrition is an ancient science that dates back to the 14th century. C) Nutrition is the study of how food nourishes the body. D) Nutrition involves studying the factors that influence eating patterns.

27) Which of the following foods are rich sources of monounsaturated fatty acids? A) olive oil and cashew nuts B) butter and lard C) coconut and palm oils D) safflower and corn oils

28) Which of the following does NOT define a "healthy body weight?" A) a weight compatible with normal blood pressure, lipid levels, and glucose tolerance B) a weight appropriate for your age and physical development C) a weight that is acceptable to society D) a weight that is acceptable to you

29) Moderate intake of alcohol for women is defined as how many drink(s) per day? A) three B) one C) two D) zero

30) MOST of the proteins in the body are synthesized from A) twenty amino acids. B) fifteen fatty acids. C) ten fatty acids. D) nine amino acids.

31) A local food system can always be described by each of the following concepts EXCEPT A) food proximity B) food security C) better nutrition D) self reliance

32) A practical way to gauge an appropriate portion size is to use the hands as a guide. Which of the following represents one cup of pasta or vegetables? A) a woman's palm B) a woman's fist C) both hands cupped together to form a bowl D) a man's fist

33) The primary function of mucus in the stomach is to A) emulsify fats. B) neutralize stomach acid. C) protect the stomach cells from gastric juices (e.g., HCl). D) activate pepsinogen to pepsin.

34) Which of these is the MOST important dietary aspect to modify for weight loss? A) fat B) calories C) carbohydrates D) protein

35) According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), up to what percentage of your daily calories should be provided by carbohydrate? A) 35% B) 75% C) 70% D) 65%

36) The local food system is ________ than the global food system A) harder on the environment B) complimentary to C) better than D) worse than

37) Currently, the BEST known treatment for eating disorders is A) a multidisciplinary approach involving medical specialists as well as family members. B) a high-calorie, high-protein diet. C) psychotropic medications. D) IV therapy.

38) Assuming the calories and relative sizes are similar, which of the following snacks will have the highest satiety value? A) glass of skim milk B) slice of whole-grain bread C) glass of orange juice D) piece of cheese

39) To conserve body protein for its vital functions and not use it to provide energy, you should A) eat adequate amounts of carbohydrate and fat to conserve protein for other functions. B) work out in the gym at least three times a week to store additional protein for later use. C) eat at least twice the recommended RDA for protein to ensure adequate protein stores. D) eat meat three times a week to ensure adequate protein storage.

40) A slice of pumpkin bread contains 5 grams of fat, 40 grams of carbohydrate, and 5 grams of protein. What percent of the bread's calories are from fat? A) 10% B) 20% C) 75% D) 40%

41) How many grams of carbohydrate per day are recommended to prevent ketosis in healthy individuals? A) 160 grams B) 130 grams C) 100 grams D) 75 grams

42) What term is commonly used to describe foods that are grown without the use of synthetic pesticides? A) vegetarian B) inorganic C) organic D) genetically modified organism (GMO)

43) The primary source of fuel for the body is A) carbohydrates. B) fats and oils. C) proteins. D) vitamins and minerals.

44) To a scientist describing nutrients, the term "organic" means nutrients that A) contain both carbon and hydrogen. B) are synthetic, not natural. C) contain hydrogen and nitrogen. D) are natural, not synthetic.

45) The major form of fat in both food and the body is A) triglycerides. B) glycerols. C) sterols. D) phospholipids

46) Suzie is a stay-at-home mom who generally prepares the majority of meals for her household. Even though she always prepares meals that offer enough Calories and nutrients for her family of four, she tends to make the same meals repeatedly. Which one of the characteristics of a healthy diet is Suzie not incorporating into her meal planning? A) moderation B) balance C) variety D) adequacy

47) A limitation in using the body mass index is that it A) does not take body composition into account. B) is difficult to determine. C) is not accurate when used on women. D) is not a good indicator of health risks.

48) What lifestyle changes can a person take to improve his or her blood lipid profile? A) decrease amount of physical activity B) lower intake of saturated fat and trans fat C) decrease intake of soluble fiber D) maintain lower-than-normal body weight

49) Diets high in sugar promote A) tooth decay. B) hyperactivity. C) diabetes. D) elevated blood pressure.

50) Which of the following foods is a source of complete protein? A) whole grain bread B) apple C) chicken D) broccoli

51) Which of the following are examples of carbohydrate-rich foods? A) butter and corn oil B) wheat and lentils C) beef and pork D) bacon and eggs

52) Which of the following ingredients would alert you to the likely presence of trans fatty acids in a product? A) partially hydrogenated vegetable oil B) liquid corn oil C) vitamin E D) lecithin

53) Which of the following statements does NOT describe the Mediterranean-style diet? A) Meat is consumed monthly. B) The diet is lower in total fat than the U.S. dietary recommendations. C) Fruits and vegetables are consumed daily. D) The major fat used for cooking and flavor is olive oil.

54) Which of the following is NOT a function of fat in the human body? A) Fat assists in the transport of fat-soluble vitamins. B) Fat provides insulation to help retain body heat. C) Fat maintains the integrity of cell membranes. D) Fats make us feel hungry.

55) Foods that have been manipulated to provide additional health benefits beyond what is naturally found are called A) free radical foods. B) prebiotics. C) phytochemicals. D) functional foods

56) The four characteristics of a healthful diet are adequacy, balance, moderation, and A) value. B) variety. C) color. D) Calories.

57) Yesterday Nadia consumed 250 grams of carbohydrate, 75 grams of protein, and 60 grams of fat. What percentage of calories of her day's intake came from fat? A) 15% B) 29% C) 35% D) 13%

58) Which of the following fatty acids is generally solid at room temperature? A) saturated B) short-chain C) monounsaturated D) polyunsaturated

59) One pound of body fat is equal to how many kilocalories? A) 4,000 B) 2,500 C) 3,000 D) 3,500

60) Diabetes is a condition in which the body does NOT properly regulate which of the following? A) carbohydrate B) protein C) vitamins D) fat

61) The distance a typical food travels from farm to table is A) 50-100 miles B) 1500-2500 miles C) 1-10 miles D) 200-300 miles

62) Which statement BEST describes nutrient density? A) Choose a number of different foods within any given food group. B) Plan your entire day's diet so that you juggle nutrient sources. C) Consume foods that have the most nutrients for their Calories. D) Consume a variety of foods from the five major food groups every day.

63) Which of the following is NOT a primary function of dietary protein? A) serving as a primary source of energy for the body B) regulating metabolism and fluid balance C) building new cells and tissues D) repairing damaged structures

64) The term used to describes the process in which foods are broken down into their component molecules is A) absorption. B) elimination. C) digestion. D) segmentation

65) Which of the following is NOT a reason athletes have higher dietary protein needs than sedentary individuals? A) During exercise more protein is needed to carry oxygen in the blood. B) During exercise, protein is used as a primary source of energy. C) During exercise additional protein is needed to make glucose to prevent hypoglycemia. D) During exercise additional protein is needed to repair the tissue damaged during exercise

66) Lactose intolerance is caused by A) an insufficient production of the enzyme lactase. B) too much milk and dairy products in the diet. C) exposure to pasteurized milk when young. D) increased production of the enzyme lactose

67) The process of combining two incomplete proteins to make a complete protein is called A) protein. B) amino acid sequencing method. C) mutual supplementation. D) the protein-combining method.

68) The term complex carbohydrates refers to A) disaccharides. B) polysaccharides. C) monosaccharides. D) glucose

69) Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) The healthy body's primary energy source is carbohydrate and fat. B) Eating sufficient carbohydrate and fat will spare body protein. C) To utilize protein for energy, the amine group is removed. D) The body stores excess protein primarily for energy reserves.

70) Up to what percentage of a person's total energy intake should carbohydrates make up, based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)? A) 15% B) 70% C) 65% D) 30%

71) Which of the following is NOT one of the primary components of a sound weight change plan? A) application of behavior modification techniques B) incorporation of regular and appropriate physical activity C) a change of more than 2 pounds per week D) gradual change in energy intake

72) Which of the following is a rich source of probiotics? A) yogurt B) sauerkraut C) iodized salt D) enriched eggs

73) Which of the following is an example of disease that is directly caused by a nutritional deficiency? A) pellagra B) type 2 diabetes C) cancer D) heart disease

74) Joan's dinner contains 210 grams of carbohydrate, 60 grams of protein, and 52 grams of fat. What percent of kilocalories in this meal comes from carbohydrate? A) 22% B) 25% C) 54% D) 35%

75) Which of the following are the preferred fuels for MOST body functions? A) ketones and protein B) protein and fat C) fat and protein D) carbohydrate and fat

76) Which of the following food items would contain the highest amount of saturated fat? A) skim milk B) canola oil C) steamed broccoli D) butter

77) Which of the following is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids? A) beef fat B) coconut oil C) corn oil D) butter

78) Jorge is a weight lifter who believes that consuming large amounts of protein-rich foods will increase his muscle mass. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding Jorge's protein needs? A) Jorge cannot meet his protein needs without taking protein supplements. B) Jorge can meet his protein needs by consuming a healthy, balanced diet that is calorically sufficient to meet his activity level. C) It is impossible for Jorge to get adequate amounts of protein without eating meat, fish, and poultry. D) It is a good practice for Jorge to consume a minimum of 2 grams of protein/kilogram of body weight to increase his muscle mass.

79) How much trans fat is recommended in the diet? A) as little as possible B) 3% of total energy intake C) 9% of total energy intake D) 20% of total energy intake

80) Overconsumption of which nutrient has the greatest potential for toxicity? A) thiamin B) niacin C) vitamin D D) vitamin C

81) Organic food A) contains no pesticides B) is grown on farmland that meets very specific USDA rules C) is always cheaper D) is more nutrititous than conventionally raised food

82) Which of the following is NOT associated with type 2 diabetes? A) insulin insensitivity B) autoimmune disease C) obesity D) sedentary lifestyle

83) The type of vegetarian who eats vegetables, grains, fruits, eggs, and milk but excludes all other types of animal protein is called a A) pesco-vegetarian. B) lacto-vegetarian. C) vegan. D) lacto-ovo vegetarian.

84) What are the two groups that vitamins are classified into? A) nonnutritive and nutritive B) fat soluble and water soluble C) trace and major D) macrosoluble and microsoluble

85) Which of the following is the MOST complete protein from a plant source? A) green beans B) apples C) soybeans D) bread

86) A painful sensation in the chest that results from gastric juices seeping back up into the esophagus is called A) irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). B) celiac disease. C) gastroesophageal reflux (GER). D) peptic ulcer.

87) Your grandmother has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following professionals is MOST likely to be qualified to offer your grandmother assistance in planning her diabetic diet? A) PhD in exercise science B) registered dietitian (RD) C) medical doctor (MD) D) nutritionist

88) Which of the following MOST accurately describes disordered eating? A) any disorder in which one attempts to reduce one's body weight below a healthy range B) any condition in which one's eating behavior changes more than six times per year C) a psychiatric condition that requires a physician's diagnosis D) general term that describes a variety of abnormal or atypical eating behaviors

89) All nutrients are divided into how many classes? A) two B) four C) six D) eight

90) Lauren's friend has recommended that she take a vitamin C supplement before undergoing oral surgery. Lauren is concerned about consuming too much of the supplement. Which of the following nutrient standards would assist Lauren in determining the highest amount of the supplement that would be safe for her to consume? A) Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) B) Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) C) Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) D) Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)

91) Saturated fats are A) found primarily in foods derived from plants. B) liquid at room temperature. C) protective of our health. D) found in whole milk and beef

92) To gain credit, the FSHN 120, Journal entries must have _____ full days IN BETWEEN entries A) 3 B) 5 C) 10 D) 4

93) Prairie Fruits Farms produces all of the following EXCEPT A) goat cheese B) gelato C) fruit D) corn and soybeans

94) Which of the following does NOT result in satiety? A) decrease in blood sugar B) the release of PYY into the bloodstream C) expansion of the stomach D) nutrient absorption from the small intestine

95) After completing an exercise session, adequate hydration in an athlete is BEST determined by A) urine that is light yellow in color. B) lack of fatigue and soreness in the muscles. C) absence of leg cramps. D) no sweat production.

96) Which of the following is an excellent source of protein that includes foods such as kidney beans, pinto beans, black beans, soybeans, lentils, and chickpeas? A) legumes B) nuts C) quorn D) quinoa

97) What is the primary cause of peptic ulcers? A) prolonged use of aspirin B) stress C) Helicobacter pylori bacteria D) eating too many spicy foods

98) The information provided on a food label that identifies how much a serving of food contributes to your intake of nutrients based on 2,000 Calories a day is called the A) ounce-equivalent. B) Daily Reference Values. C) Percent Daily Values. D) Reference Daily Intake.

99) Of the following, which is NOT an element of a community (local) food system? A) CSA programs B) Hospital cafeterias using local produce C) Organic vegetables at County Market D) Farmers Markets

100) What is the major monosaccharide found in the body? A) fructose B) glucose C) glycogen D) galactose

101) Which of the following is NOT a function of water in the body? A) helps to transport nutrients and oxygen B) helps to excrete waste products C) helps to regulate nervous impulses and muscle contraction D) provides a source of energy to work and play

102) The three components of total energy expenditure include A) basal metabolic rate, physical activity, and adaptive thermogenesis. B) basal metabolic rate, the thermic effect of food, and adaptive thermogenesis. C) basal metabolic rate, physical activity, and the thermic effect of food. D) basal metabolic rate, physical activity, and sleep activity.

103) Which of the following is associated with the development of ketosis? A) a diet that contains insufficient fat B) a diet that contains too much fat C) a diet that contains too much carbohydrate D) a diet that contains insufficient carbohydrate

104) A set of principles developed by the USDA and the USDHHS to help reduce the risk of developing chronic disease is called A) Food Fundamentals. B) South Beach Diet. C) Dietary Guidelines for Americans. D) DASH Diet.