Scientists can use _____ to determine the age of an igneous rock surrounding a fossil.
answer
radiometric dating
question
Which materials can be used to estimate the age of Earth and our solar system?
answer
none of these
(all of these)
minerals collected from ancient rocks
pieces of meteorites that have fallen to Earth
rocks and materials collected from the moon
question
When 50%-90% of all species die off rapidly, this is called _____.
answer
mass extinction
question
The evolutionary history of an organism is called its _____.
answer
phylogeny
question
Which answers can be explained by the biogeography of a species?
answer
how a species originally came to populate a specific region.
why a species is confined to some parts of the world, even though other areas have suitable habitats.
(All of these can be determined from studying the biogeography of a species.)
how two geographically isolated species can share a common ancestor.
None of these can be explained by the examining the biogeography of a species.
question
What is the best explanation as to why early penguin fossils have been found in New Zealand?
answer
New Zealand was once much closer to Antarctica.
question
If you found a fossil of an animal that inhabited many areas of Gondwana, on which continent might you expect to find its descendants?
answer
South America
question
The first multicellular eukaryotic organisms to use the oxygen on Earth were _____.
answer
green algae
question
According to scientists, how many species exist on Earth today?
answer
5 to 30 million
question
Why are genes from ribosomal RNA (rRNA) used to compare genetic sequences between species?
answer
They are found in all living organisms.
question
Which of these would be used to develop a phylogenetic tree?
answer
shared DNA sequences
(All of these are used to develop a phylogenetic tree.)
fossil records
physical traits
None of these are used to develop a phylogenetic tree.
question
The Miller-Urey experiment was important because it showed _____.
answer
that is was possible to form organic molecules from inorganic molecules
question
Which molecules have not been synthesized from experiments similar to the ones performed by Miller and Urey?
answer
DNA
question
Which factor might affect the physical distribution of a particular species?
answer
Plate Tectonics
question
An animal with a rigid backbone would belong to which phylum?
answer
Chordate
question
On a phylogenetic tree, the _____ represents the most recent common ancestor shared by all of the organisms depicted in the tree.
answer
Roots
question
The evidence that scientists currently have suggests that life on Earth _____.
answer
first evolved around 3,500 million years ago
began in the water
(all of these)
began as single-celled organisms
first evolved in the water around 3,500 million years ago
question
convergent evolution
answer
Process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments
question
Taxonomy
answer
The scientific study of how living things are classified of shared traits.
question
Phylogeny
answer
The evolutionary history of a group of organisms. (Phylogenetic Tree)
question
Biogeography
answer
Geographic distribution of species.
question
punctuated equilibrium
answer
evolutionary change occurs in sudden bursts related to environmental change
question
radioactive isotope
answer
An isotope whose nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles and energy.
question
Cambrian explosion
answer
rapid diversification of most major animal groups marking the start of the Paleozoic era
question
adaptive radiation
answer
the diversification of a group of organisms as they enter into a new habitat can be known as
question
3 domians of life
answer
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukarya
question
5 kingdoms
answer
monera -> Protista -> plantae -> Fungi -> animalia
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