Chem 1211 Chptr 3

Very different from the properties of the elements that compose them.

An entirely new substance results.

Covalent

a structural formula, an empirical formula, a space-filling model, a ball and stick model, a molecular formula

The type of formula/model you use depends on how much info you have about the compound and how much you want to communicate.

Occurs when atoms share electrons. The resulting cluster of atoms is also called a molecule (so, the compound is considered to be molecular)

Results from a transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another. This creates oppositely charged ions that group together into large macroscopic lattices as opposed to small clusters. (For this reason, ionic compounds are not considered to be molecular.)

Covalent bond

Ionic Bond

Covalent bonds/ molecular cmpnds

magnesium nitrate

ammonium chlorate

lead(II) oxide

Co3(PO4)2

NCl3 is a molecular compound (two or more nonmetals), and therefore in its name prefixes indicate the number of each type of atom, so NCl3 is nitrogen trichloride. AND The compound AlCl3 is an ionic compound (metal and nonmetal), and therefore does not require prefixes, so AlCl3 is aluminum chloride.

sodium hypochlorite

SiO2

copper (II)

B2O3