Chapter 2 Mastering

What is the atomic number of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons? 12 0 18 -1 6

Which of these refers to atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses? These atoms have different numbers of protons. These atoms have different numbers of electrons. These atoms are isomers. These atoms are different elements. These atoms are isotopes.

Fluorine's atomic number is 9 and its atomic mass is 19. How many neutrons does fluorine have? 28 81 9 19 10

An uncharged atom of boron has an atomic number of 5 and an atomic mass of 11. How many protons does boron have? 0 5 11 16 6

with or together with

not

many

against

first

two

three

four

equal

single

of neither gender or type

water

from, out of, remove

to

first

fat

to love

loosening, split apart

to fear

What is the mass number of an ion with 109 electrons, 159 neutrons, and a +1 charge?

The innermost electron shell of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons. 2 18 1 32 8

Which of these relationships is true of an uncharged atom? The atomic mass is equal to the atomic number. The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. The number of electrons is equal to the number of neutrons. The atomic mass is equal to the number of electrons. The number of neutrons is equal to the number of protons.

What determines the types of chemical reactions that an atom participates in? its atomic mass the number of electrons in the outermost electron shell its atomic number the number of electrons in the innermost electron shell the number of protons it contains

A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical procedures is a(n) _____. compound isotope molecule proton element

The mass number of an atom is 15, and its atomic number is 7. The atom probably has... 7 electrons in the nucleus. 8 neutrons in the nucleus. at least 15 electrons. about as much mass in electrons as in protons. 7 units of negative charge in the nucleus.

Which statement is true of atoms? Most of an atom's volume is filled with matter. Protons attract other protons. Protons repel electrons. Electrons determine the atom's size. All of the above.

Dr. Jones says an atom has 3 electrons in the first shell and four electrons in the second shell. Someone should tell Dr. Jones that ... the first shell must fill before the second shell can have electrons. no shell can hold more than 2 electrons. the first shell shouldn't have 3 electrons. the second shell should have 8 electrons. the second shell can't have 4 electrons.

Which statement is true of the energy levels of electrons in shells? Electrons must lose energy to move from the first to the second shell. All the electrons in an atom have similar amounts of energy. The valence shell has higher energy than other occupied shells. All of the above. None of the above.

Which statement is true of the atom shown in the diagram? An electron will move from the outer to the inner shell. The atom is in the excited state. The atom has more than one valence electron. All of the above. None of the above.

Two atoms always represent the same element if they have ... the same number of electrons. the same number of protons. the same number of particles in the nucleus. the same number of shells. the same mass number.

An atom has 6 electrons, 6 protons, and 6 neutrons. You can tell that this atom belongs to the element _____ because _____________________. C; it has 6 electrons. C; it has 6 protons. N; it has 6 electrons. N; it has 6 protons. O; its mass number is 12.

An atom has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. Another isotope of the same element might have ... 9 protons. 7 electrons. mass number 16, atomic number 7. 10 neutrons. All of the above.

Radioactive decay is likely to occur when ... protons break into neutrons and electrons. atoms collide with one another. an atom has too many neutrons. an electron hits the nucleus. an atom has too many electrons.

Which model most accurately represents the current view of the structure of the atom? Probability model Planetary model

Which statement is most useful in explaining why chemists assign atoms to chemical elements by counting protons? Protons at the atom's surface determine the atom's behavior. 99% of the atom's mass consists of protons. The proton's negative charge holds electrons in the atom. The nucleus doesn't change in stable isotopes. None of these. Elements are defined by the number of protons.

Which of the following is a trace element required by most living organisms? nitrogen oxygen hydrogen magnesium carbon

Sort the subatomic particles according to their masses.

Given what you know about the human body, what do you think accounts for the high percentage of oxygen (65.0%)? The human body breathes in oxygen constantly, and because oxygen is a heavy element, it makes up a large percentage of body mass. The human body is made up mainly of water, and there is one oxygen atom in every water molecule. The human body is made up mainly of water, and there are two oxygen atoms in every water molecule. The human body breathes in oxygen constantly, and oxygen in the blood and tissues makes up a large percentage of body mass.

A carbon atom and a hydrogen atom form what type of bond in a molecule? nonpolar covalent bond hydrogen bond Van der Waals interaction polar covalent bond ionic bond

Hydrogen bonding is most often seen _____. when multiple carbon atoms are present in molecules whose three-dimensional shape is tetrahedral when the bonds within the molecule are nonpolar covalent bonds when hydrogen is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom if the molecule consists of three or fewer atoms

The brackets are indicating a(n) _____ bond. ionic hydrophobic single (nonpolar) covalent hydrogen polar covalent

What name is given to the bond between water molecules? hydrophobic ionic hydrogen polar covalent single (nonpolar) covalent

What is the molecular mass of caffeine (C8H10N4O2)? 43.0 138.2 178.2 194.2 None of the above.

How many grams of water (H2O) are needed to react with 5.0 grams of ferric trichloride (FeCl3)? FeCl3 + 3 H2O → Fe(OH)3 + 3 HCl 0.18 g H2O 1.7 g H2O 0.55 g H2O 0.99 g H2O None of the above.

How many grams of glucose would you need to make 1 liter of an aqueous 0.5M glucose solution? (Atomic masses: C = 12.01, H = 1.008, O = 16.00.) 90.08 grams of glucose 180.2 grams of glucose 60.05 grams of glucose 70.36 grams of glucose 120.1 grams of glucose

Magnesium has an atomic number of 12. What is the most stable charge for a magnesium ion? a -2 charge a -1 charge a +1 charge a +2 charge

Which of these figures correctly illustrates the nature of the bonding of H2O?

What type of bond joins the carbon atom to each of the hydrogen atoms? double (nonpolar) covalent polar covalent ionic hydrogen single (nonpolar) covalen

Knowing the atomic mass of an element allows inferences about which of the following? the number of protons plus neutrons in the element the number of protons plus electrons in the element the number of electrons in the element the number of protons in the element

How many neutrons are present in the nucleus of a phosphorus-32 (32P) atom (see the figure above)? 15 16 17 32

An ionic bond is formed when _____. both atoms are electrically neutral atoms are subjected to radioactive isotopes both atoms are nonpolar one atom transfers an electron to another atom both atoms are equally attractive to electrons

Atoms with the same number of protons but with different electrical charges _____. are different ions are different isotopes have different numbers of neutrons have different atomic masses have different atomic numbers

In salt, what is the nature of the bond between sodium and chlorine? hydrophobic polar covalent nonpolar covalent ionic hydrogen

An ionic bond involves _____. the unequal sharing of an electron pair water avoidance the sharing of a single pair of electrons an attraction between ions of opposite charge no atoms other than sodium and chlorine

About twenty-five of the ninety-two natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these twenty-five elements make up approximately 96 percent of living matter? carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen

Molybdenum has an atomic number of 42. Several common isotopes exist, with mass numbers from 92-100. Therefore, which of the following can be true? Isotopes of molybdenum have different numbers of electrons. Molybdenum atoms can have between 50 and 58 neutrons. Molybdenum atoms can have between 50 and 58 protons. Molybdenum atoms can have between 50 and 58 electrons.

What type of bond is joining the two hydrogen atoms?

A(n) _____ refers to two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. molecule isotope community ion shell

This atom can form up to _____ single covalent bond(s). 4 3 1 0 2

A(n) _____ bond joins these two oxygen atoms. quadruple covalent ionic double covalent hydrogen single covalent

Changing the number of _____ would change an atom into an atom of a different element. electrons circling the nucleus of an atom bonds formed by an atom particles in the nucleus of an atom protons in an atom neutrons in an atom

Which statement about the following reaction is true? 4 Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3 Four grams of Fe reacts with 3 grams of O2 to form 2 grams of Fe2O3. The reaction is not balanced. Four atoms of Fe react with 3 molecules of O2 to form 2 molecules of Fe2O3 Fe2O3 is the reactant in this reaction. None of the above

Choose the appropriate balanced equation for the following chemical reaction. C6H6 + H2 → C6H12 C6H6 + 6 H2 → C6H12 C6H6 + 6 H2 → 2 C6H12 2 C6H6 + 6 H2 → 2 C6H12 C6H6 + 3 H2 → C6H12 None of the above.

Choose the correct balanced equation for the following reaction. C8H18 + O2 → CO2 + H2O 4 C8H18 + 50 O2 → 32 CO2 + 36 H2O 2 C8H18 + 25 O2 → 16 CO2 + 18 H2O C8H18 + 17 O2 → 8 CO2 + 18 H2O C8H18 + 12.5 O2 → 8 CO2 + 9 H2O None of the above