Chapter 7

The space in the chest between the lungs is called the: a. pleural cavity. b. diaphragm. c. alveolus. d. sinus cavity. e. mediastinum.

The structure that covers the larynx is called the: a. cilia. b. uvula. c. hypopharynx. d. epiglottis. e. laryngopharynx.

The mediastinum contains the: a. aorta, heart, stomach, and diaphragm. b. heart, stomach, lungs, and diaphragm. c. esophagus, stomach, lungs, and heart. d. heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchi. e. heart, esophagus, oropharynx, and lungs.

The exchange of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in body cells is called: a. inhalation. b. metabolism. c. external respiration. d. internal respiration. e. catabolism.

The adenoids are located in the: a. laryngopharynx. b. nasopharynx. c. larynx. d. oropharynx. e. nasal cavity.

The lining of the thoracic cavity is called the: a. diaphragm. b. parietal pleura. c. thoracic membrane. d. visceral pleura. e. mediastinum.

Diffusion of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) occurs in the: a. pulmonary capillaries. b. pulmonary vein. c. bronchioles. d. cilia. e. pulmonary artery.

Nares are divided by the: a. epiglottis. b. adenoids. c. alveoli. d. septum. e. turbinates.

Expelling of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the lungs is called: a. exhalation. b. inspiration. c. cellular respiration. d. internal respiration. e. anabolism.

Hairlike structures that move particles upward to the pharynx for coughing or swallowing are called: a. alveoli. b. bronchioles. c. cilia. d. cartilage rings. e. neurons.

Tiny air sacs found at the end of the bronchioles are called: a. pulmonary capillaries. b. pulmonary venules. c. pulmonary arterioles. d. alveoli. e. cilia.

Pulmonary ventilation is more commonly called: a. breathing. b. inspiring. c. expiring. d. gasping. e. wheezing.

The parietal pleura glides smoothly over the visceral pleura because the pleural cavity normally contains a small amount of: a. pus. b. blood. c. air. d. sputum. e. lubricating fluid.

Olfactory neurons are located deep within the: a. nasal cavity. b. mediastinum. c. oropharynx. d. alveoli. e. bronchioles.

When the diaphragm contracts, it partially: a. descends into the abdominal cavity. b. ascends into the thoracic cavity. c. fills the pleural cavity with air. d. fills the pleural cavity with serous fluid. e. forces air from the lungs.

The CF thorac/o means: a. lung. b. chest. c. respiration. d. diaphragm. e. pleura.

The CF atel/o means: a. respiration b. pleura c. diaphragm d. mediastinum e. incomplete; imperfect

The CF coni/o means: a. dust. b. blue. c. cone. d. diaphragm. e. pleura.

The CF spir/o means: a. spirit. b. breathe. c. expansion. d. contraction. e. incomplete.

The CF cyan/o means: a. lung. b. mucus. c. blue. d. pale. e. carbon dioxide.

The CF rhin/o means: a. nose. b. throat. c. ring. d. chest. e. sinus.

The CF pleur/o means: a. lung. b. lobe. c. membrane. d. pleura. e. pleurisy.

The CF alveol/o means: a. air. b. oxygen. c. alveolus; air sac. d. air, lung. e. larynx (voice box).

The CF pneum/o or pneumon/o means: a. pleura. b. air; lung. c. breathing. d. breathe. e. lobe.

The suffix -ptysis means: a. breathing. b. coughing. c. spitting. d. smell. e. carbon dioxide.

The suffix -phonia means: a. speaking. b. voice. c. spitting. d. smell. e. carbon dioxide.

The suffix -capnia means: a. oxygen. b. smell. c. chest. d. diaphragm. e. carbon dioxide (CO2).

The prefix tachy- means: a. straight. b. rapid. c. many. d. breathing. e. slow.

The prefix eu- means: a. good, normal. b. imperfect. c. usual. d. poor. e. slow.

Prefix brady- means a. rapid b. imperfect c. usual d. poor e. slow

The disease that produces focal lesions encased in small pockets called granulomas is: a. cystic fibrosis. b. tuberculosis. c. pneumonia. d. empyema. e. pneumoconiosis.

Absence of the sense of smell is called: a. epistaxis. b. siderosis. c. anosmia. d. ascites. e. anoxia.

The presence of pus in the pleural cavity is called: a. empyema. b. pyosis. c. pyemia. d. pyothoracosis. e. empyosis.

What is the disease characterized by bronchial dilation that usually leads to secondary infection? a. Pleural effusion b. Ascites c. Heart failure d. Hemoptysis e. Bronchiectasis

Accumulation of fluid in the abdominal and thoracic cavities is called: a. ascites. b. thoracentesis. c. hemoptysis. d. emphysema. e. hydrorrhea.

Which is a characteristic of influenza? a. Chronic cough b. Bacterial origin c. Productive cough d. Myalgia e. Hemoptysis

The inability of alveoli to contract because of a loss of alveolar elasticity is a characteristic of: a. emphysema. b. empyema. c. atelectasis. d. bronchiectasis. e. asthma.

The clinical term for a head cold is: a. epistaxis. b. coryza. c. cephalodynia. d. ascites. e. empyema.

Which is a hereditary disorder that commonly affects the lungs? a. Respiratory distress syndrome b. Cystic fibrosis c. Tuberculosis d. Pneumocystis pneumonia e. Hyaline membrane disease

Which term refers to any inflammatory condition of the lungs? a. Pneumoconiosis b. Lobar pneumonia c. Pneumonopathy d. Bronchitis e. Pneumonia

Which is an abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation? a. Rale b. Coryza c. Anosmia d. Paroxysm e. Epistaxis

The term epistaxis means: a. coughing. b. an abnormal respiratory sound. c. shallow breathing. d. a nosebleed. e. an insufficiency of blood oxygen.

Solidification of the lungs is called: a. sclerosis. b. pneumoconiosis. c. consolidation. d. hemoptysis. e. thoracostenosis.

Which is an accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, commonly caused by heart failure? a. Pulmonary edema b. Pulmonary embolus c. Pulmonary thrombosis d. Pneumoconiosis e. Pneumonitis

Reye syndrome is associated with: a. antihistamines. b. antitussives. c. aspirin. d. decongestants. e. expectorants.

Excess of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood is called: a. hypoxia. b. hypoxemia. c. hypercapnia. d. hyperoxia. e. hypocapnia.

A high-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway is called: a. stridor. b. Cheyne-Stokes. c. coryza. d. empyema. e. ascites.

The ease with which lungs expand and fill with air is called: a. expectancy. b. aeration. c. compliance. d. surfactant. e. ventilation.

Which is an occupational disorder commonly caused by inhaling dust particles? a. Coryza b. Pneumoconiosis c. Alveolitis d. Cystic fibrosis e. Epistaxis

Which type of influenza is associated with worldwide epidemics? a. Virulent b. Bacterial c. Type A d. Type B e. Type C

Swelling of the nasal sinuses associated with upper respiratory infections commonly causes: a. apnea. b. anosmia. c. acidosis. d. asphyxia. e. atelectasis.

Accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity is called: a. pleurisy. b. pertussis. c. hypoxia. d. pulmonary embolism. e. pyothorax.

A collapsed or airless lung is called: a. atelectasis. b. apnea. c. asphyxia. d. anosmia. e. cyanosis.

Which is a lung disease that produces a thick (viscous) mucus that blocks airways? a. Cheyne-Stokes b. Coryza c. Croup d. Cystic fibrosis e. Pertussis

Hyaline membrane disease in preterm infants is commonly caused by: a. pulmonary edema. b. pulmonary effusions. c. insufficient surfactant. d. upper respiratory infections. e. croup.

Which procedure helps evaluate the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air? a. Bronchoscopy b. Pulmonary function studies c. Arterial blood gases d. Sweat test e. Sputum culture

Gently tapping the chest with the fingers to determine the position, size, or consistency of the underlying structures is called: a. palpation. b. auscultation. c. inspection. d. provision. e. percussion.

Irrigation of the paranasal sinuses to remove mucopurulent material is called: a. decortication. b. consolidation. c. rhinorrhea. d. sinusitis. e. antral lavage.

Which is a noninvasive test that monitors the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen? a. Pulmonary function studies b. Mantoux test c. Polysomnography d. Spirometry e. Oximetry

The sweat test is used to diagnose: a. tuberculosis. b. cystic fibrosis. c. pneumonoconiosis. d. pneumonia. e. strep throat.

Which is an intradermal test used to determine tuberculin sensitivity? a. Oximetry b. Culture and sensitivity c. Pulmonary function studies d. Mantoux test e. PCP test

Visual examination of the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, and thymus is called: a. mediastinoscopy. b. tracheoscopy. c. thoroscopy. d. pneumonoscopy. e. bronchoscopy.

Treatment of lung disorders using medications delivered directly to the lungs is called: a. antral lavage. b. thoracentesis. c. aerosol therapy. d. chemotherapy. e. actinotherapy.

Which procedure is a surgical repair of the nose to correct birth defects or for cosmetic purposes? a. Septoplasty b. Rhinoplasty c. Sinusotomy d. Septostomy e. Rhinocephaly

Visual examination of the voice box is called: a. laryngoscopy. b. pharyngoscopy. c. mediastinoscopy. d. bronchoscopy. e. enteroscopy.

Which procedure is a surgical puncture of the pleural cavity? a. Pneumocentesis b. Empyema c. Pneumotomy d. Thoracotomy e. Thoracentesis

Removal of a lobe of the lung is called: a. pneumonectomy. b. pulmonectomy. c. lobectomy. d. bronchotomy. e. pneumonotomy.

Which method of positioning a patient ensures that gravity aids in clearing bronchi and lungs of secretions? a. Orthopnea b. Decubitus c. Pronation d. Postural drainage e. Supination

Use of a stethoscope to detect abnormal lung sounds is called: a. stethogram. b. percussion. c. stridor. d. aeration. e. auscultation.

A surgical opening in the neck for insertion of a breathing tube is called: a. tracheotomy. b. tracheostomy. c. lobotomy. d. lobectomy. e. tracheoplasty.

Which laboratory test identifies the disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract? a. Arterial blood gas b. Throat culture c. Sputum culture d. Sweat test e. Throat swab

Which procedure is a surgical correction of a deviated nasal septum? a. Septoplasty b. Septostomy c. Septotomy d. Rhinoplasty e. Nasoplasty

Which imaging test combines computed tomography (CT) and angiography to produce images of pulmonary arteries? a. Magnetic resonance imaging b. Radiography c. Fluoroscopy d. Alveoli-Q scan e. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography

Which imaging procedure evaluates airflow and blood flow in the lungs to detect a blood clot? a. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography b. Ventilation-profusion (V-Q) scan c. Chest x-ray d. Chest ultrasonography e. Positron emission tomography

Which laboratory test measures dissolved O2 and CO2 in arteries? a. Oximetry b. Oxygen saturation c. Spirometry d. Arterial blood gas e. Blood urea nitrogen

Which medication suppresses coughing? a. Expectorant b. Vasoconstrictor c. Mucolytic d. Antitussive e. Antihistamine

Which medication treats sneezing, runny nose, itchiness, and rashes? a. Vasoconstrictor b. Expectorant c. Mucolytic d. Antitussive e. Antihistamine

Which medication expands air passages? a. Expectorant b. Bronchodilator c. Mucolytic d. Antitussive e. Antihistamine

Which test assesses the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air and evaluates gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane? a. T&A b. PFT c. ABG d. AFB e. PFT

Which organism causes tuberculosis? a. AFB b. AFT c. ABG d. PFT e. HMD

Which medication inhibits the growth of bacteria? a. Antitussive b. Bronchodilator c. Corticosteroid d. Antihistamine e. Antibiotic

Which is a method of delivering medication directly to the lungs? a. AFB b. CXR c. ABG d. DPI e. MRI

Which medication is used to liquify respiratory secretions so that they are more easily coughed up? a. Expectorant b. Bronchodilator c. Corticosteroid d. Antihistamine e. Antibiotic

Which abbreviation stands for imaging of the lungs? a. PFT b. DPI c. C&S d. ABG e. CXR

Which medication acts on the immune system by blocking production of substances that trigger allergic and inflammatory actions? a. Expectorant b. Bronchodilator c. Corticosteroid d. Antihistamine e. Antibiotic

T/F: The method of transmitting TB is called droplet nuclei.

T/F: The organism that causes TB can spread when an infected person coughs, laughs, sneezes.

T/F: Infant respiratory distress syndrome is also called hyaline membrane disease.

T/F: Asthma is considered a COPD.

T/F: Inflammation of pleural membranes is called pleurisy.

T/F: Empyema is the accumulation of pus in alveoli.

T/F: An exudate is a noninflammatory fluid that resembles serum but with less protein.

T/F: Cystic fibrosis is characterized by the presence of granulomas called tubercles.

T/F: Primary pulmonary cancer is also called bronchogenic carcinoma.

T/F: Postural drainage involves positioning a patient so gravity aids in the discharge of secretions from the bronchi.

T/F: Oximetry measures the amount of oxygen in blood using a device usually placed on a finger or earlobe.

T/F: Pulmonary function studies are imaging procedures associated with the diagnosis of lung malignancies.

T/F: Polysomnography tests whether a patient has a tendency to sleep walk.

T/F: Antral lavage is the irrigation of the paranasal sinuses.

T/F: MDIs deliver a specific amount of medication.

T/F: The abbreviation AFB is associated with cystic fibrosis.

T/F: Emphysema is associated with a "barrel-chest" appearance.

T/F: PCP is a pneumonia associated with HIV.

T/F: In the abbreviation DPT, the P refers to pneumonia.

T/F: T&A is the abbreviation for tonsillitis and adenoiditis.

lung

adenoids

diaphragm; mind

breathe

tonsils

mediastinum

trachea (windpipe)

chest

larynx (voice box)

oxygen

bronchus (plural, bronchi)

straight

pharynx (throat)

lobe

septum

air; lung

bronchiole

blue

sinus, cavity

dust

coal, coal dust

nose

pleura

alveolus; air sac

incomplete; imperfect

epiglottis

inflammatory fluid that is high in protein with blood and immune cells

displacement of the cartilage dividing the nostrils

excessive fluid in the lungs that induces coughing and dyspnea

nosebleed; nasal hemorrhage

disease characterized by decrease in alveolar elasticity

whooping cough

loss of sponginess of lungs as a result of engorgement

phospholipid that allows the lungs to expand with ease

absence or decrease in the sense of smell

test of sleep cycles and stages

relieves or suppresses coughing

organism that causes TB

washing or irrigating of the sinuses

abnormal pH of body fluids associated with retention of CO2

used primarily in children to confirm cystic fibrosis

inflammation of the pleural membrane

abnormal breath sound hear on auscultation

treatment using medications delivered directly to the lungs

collapsed or airless lung

condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen

measurement of ventilatory ability

placement of a plastic tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway

medication that relieves sneezing, runny nose, itchiness, and rashes

visual examination of the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes through a small suprasternal incision

decrease of oxygen in the tissues

decrease of oxygen in the blood

surgical repair of the nose

incomplete expansion (of the lung)

specialist in the study of lungs

instrument for measuring oxygen

inflammation of the bronchioles

forming an opening in the trachea

instrument to examine the chest

slow breathing

good (normal) voice (quality)

spitting blood

above-normal carbon dioxide

pus in the chest

rapid breathing

abnormal condition of blue(ness)

excision of a lung

discharge from the nose

spasm of the diaphragm

instrument to measure breathing

inflammation of the alveoli

surgical repair of the septum

paralysis of the larynx

surgical puncture of the pleura

prolapse, downward displacement of the diaphragm

excision of the tonsils

incision of the sinus