ScienceChemistryChapter 7 example #9882
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Chapter 7: Chemistry

Emilia Hughes avatar Emilia Hughes
25 July 2022
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question
which is NOT a characteristic of bases? taste bitter react with acids to form salts turn limitus red produce hydroxide ions when added to water
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turn limitus red
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a compounds that changes color when it is places into an acidic or basic solution is
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an acid-base indicator
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all of the following are bases except Ba(OH)2 KOH NH3 HNO3
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HNO3
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the compound CH3NH2 reacts with water to form CH3NH3+ and OH-. in this reaction, CH3NH2 is acting as a
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base
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when added to water, which of the following would produce acid? NH3 SO3 Na BaO
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SO3
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an acid is strong if it is very concentrated ionizes completely in water causes metals to corrode makes acid-base indicators change color
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ionizes completely in water
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if theconcentration of a dilute solution of nitric acid is .0001 M, what is the pH of that solution>
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4
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what is the conjugate base of HSO3-?
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SO3^2-
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a buffer is made up of a weak base and its conjugate acid, resists changes in pH when small amounts of a strong acid or a strong base are added, is made up of a weak acid and its conjugate base
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all of the above
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acid properties
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taste sour, turn limitus indicator red, react with active metals, produce hydrogen gas, react with bases to form salt and water
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base properties
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taste bitter, turn limitus indicator blue, feel slippery, react with acids to form water and salt, produce hydroxide ions
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acids in arrhenius theory
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substances that ionize in aqueous solution to form hydrogen ions H+ formulas of acids have the ionizable H first
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strong acids
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H2SO4, HNO3, HCl
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neutralization
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reaction between acid and base forms water and salt
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acid in bronsted-lowry acid base theory
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proton donor
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base in bronsted-lowry acid base theory
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proton acceptor
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electrolytes
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salts that can donduct electrcity
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acidic anhydrides
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reaction between nonmetal oxide and water. nonmetal oxide + H2O = acid
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basic anhydride
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metal oxides
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weak acids
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only partially ionize in water solution, strong acids ionize completely
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weak ases
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only partially ionize in water solution, double arrow = partial dissociation
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pH
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means of expresing the acidity or basicity of a solution
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below 7 pH
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acidic
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above 7 pH
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basic
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equation for pH
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-log[H+]
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conjugate acid-base pairs
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compounds or ions that differ by one proton H+
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how to find conjugate acid/base
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to find conjugate acid, addcid hydrogen. to find conjugate base, subtract hydrogen
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buffer solution
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contain a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. maintains a nearly constant pH when small amounts of acid or base are added
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hyperacidity
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when the stomach makes too much acid
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alkalosis
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excessive use of antacids can lead to an increase in the pH of the blood
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acid reducers
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displace antacids as a way to combat hyperacidity
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lime
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caO
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according to the arrhenius theory, an acid is any substance that dissolves in water to produce
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H+
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many metal oxides, such as Na2O, dissolve in water to produce
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bases
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what is the product when selenium dioxide reacts with water?
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H2SeO3
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a _____ is defined as a proton H+ ion acceptor
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bronsted base
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what would raise the pH when added to water
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NaO