Amercian Chemical Society Exam Review

Acid

Hydrobromic Acid

Which one of the following is a characteristic of a base? A). Produces H30+ in Water B). has a sour taste C). has a slippery, soapy feel D). turns blue litmus red E). is insoluble in water

According to the Bronsted-Lowrey definition, A) an acid is a proton receptor B) a base produces H+ ions in aqueous solutions C) a base is proton donor. D) a base is a proton acceptor E) an acid acts as the solvent

* See Exam Review 1 (#5)

* See Exam Review 1 (#6)

The name of Al(OH)3 is A) aluminum trihydroxide B) monoaluminum trihydroxide C) aluminum hydroxide D) aluminum (III) hydroxide E) aluminum oxygen hydride

Which of the following is the strongest acid? A) H3PO4 B) NH4+ C) NaOH D) H2CO3 E) HCl

Which of the following is correctly identified? A) NH3, strong acid B) NaOH, strong base C) HCl, weak acid D) H2CO3, strong acid E) Ca(OH)2, weak base

Ammonium hydroxide is a weak base because A) it is a dilute solution. B) it is only slightly soluble in water C) it cannot hold on to its hydroxide ions. D) it is completely ionized in aqueous solution.

An acid and base react to form a salt and water in a(n)_________reaction. A) ionization B) dissociation C) oxidation D) neutralization E) reduction

In a neutralization reaction_________. A) two acids react to form water B) water and salt react to form an acid and a base. C) an acid and a salt react to form water and a base. D) a base and a salt react to form water and an acid. E) an acid and a base react to form a salt and water.

#13

The neutralization reaction between Al(OH)3 and HNO3 produces the salt with the formula __________.

How many moles of H2O are produced when 1 mole of Mg(OH)2 reacts with 1 mole of H2SO4?

#16 Neutralization Reaction example

#17 Molarity / Dilution

#18 Titration

#19 Titration

#20 Titration

#21 MASS/VOLUME % / Dilution

#22 Neutralization / Molarity of Acid

#23 Neutralization / Molarity of Acid

#24 mL required to neutralize `

#25 mL required to neutralize

#26 mL required to neutralize

#27 Metal + Acid ---> ? (Gas)

How many mL of a 0.0100 M solution can be made from 100.0 mL of a 1.00 M solution of sodium chloride in water?

#29

#30

The conjugate acid of HPO4 2- is _____.

Is a solution of sodium phosphate in water ACIDIC or BASIC?

In a titration experiment, a student used 24.13 mL of 0.111 M sodium hydroxide to neutralize 20.00 mL of a hydrochloric acid solution. What was the MOLARITY of ACID SOLUTION?

A student had 2.0 L of a sodium hydroxide solution that had a concentration of 0.4000 M. The student needed to make 500. mL of a 0.1000 M solution. How many mL (VOLUME) of the CONCENTRATED SOLUTION was NEEDED?

A student had 5.0 L of sulfuric acid solution available, that had a concentration of 1.000 M. The student needed to make 200. mL of a 0.2000 M solution. How much CONCENTRATED SOLUTION was NEEDED?

True / False: An ammonium chloride solution should have an Acidic pH

True / False: Magnesium metal is not attacked by sulfuric acid solutions

True / False: Sodium Carbonate gives a Basic solution in water

True / False: For most reactions of Acids w/ Bases, the resulting products are a Salt and Water.

Acid, Base or Neither? HCl

Acid, Base or Neither? NaOH

Acid, Base or Neither? NH3

Acid, Base or Neither? H2SO4

Acid, Base or Neither? CO3 2-

Acid, Base or Neither? NaCl

Acid, Base or Neither? CN-

H2CO3

The O-H bond in water is Polar because __________.

A Hydrogen Bond is _____________.

In a SOLUTION, the SOLVENT

Oil does not dissolve in water because

A solution is prepared by dissolving 2 g of KCl in 100 g of H2O. In this solution, H2O is the __________. a) Solute b) Solvent c) Solution d) Solid e) Ionic Compound

When KCl dissolves in water

Water is a Polar solvent and hexane (C6H14) is a non-polar solvent. Which of the following correctly describes the solubility of the solute? a) mineral oil, soluble in water b) CaCl2, soluble in Hexane c) NaHCO3, soluble in water d) CCl4, soluble in water e) Octane, soluble in water

In water, a substance that ionizes completely in solution is called a

An equivalent is a) the amount of an ion that has a 1+ charge. b) the amount of an ion that has a 1- charge. c) the amount of ion that carries 1 mole of electrical charge. d) 1 mole of any ion e) 1 mole of any ionic compound

How many equivalents are present in 5.0 g of Al 3+?

When some of the sugar added to iced tea remains undissolved at the bottom of the glass, the solution is

The solubility of KI is 50 g in 100 g of H2O at 20 degrees C. If 110 grams of KI are added to 200 grams of H2O, a) all of the KI will dissolve b) the solution will freeze c) the solution will start boiling d) a saturated solution will form e) the solution will be unsaturated

Which one of the following compounds will NOT be soluble in water? a) NaOH b) PbS c) K2SO4 d) LiNO3 e) MgCl2

Which of the following compounds WILL be soluble in water? a) AgCl b) Cu(OH)2 c) LiCl d) CaSO4 e) PbCO3

#62 Precipitate

The MASS/MASS PERCENT Concentration refers to

What is the concentration, in m/m%, of a solution prepared from 50.0 g NaCl and 150.0 g of water? a) 0.250% b) 33.3% c) 40.0% d) 25% e) 3.00%

Rubbing alcohol is 70% isopropyl alcohol by volume. How many mL of Isopropyl Alcohol are in a 1 pint (473 mL) container? a) 70. mL b) 0.15 mL c) 680 mL d) 470 mL e) 330 mL

What volume (mL) of a 15% (m/v) NaOH solution contains 120 g NaOH? a) 18 mL b) 0.13 mL c) 13 mL d) 120 mL e) 8.0 x 10^2 mL

A solution of salt in water will have a) a lower freezing point than pure water b) a lower boiling point than pure water c) larger crystals when frozen than pure water d) a lower density than pure water e) a darker color than pure water

What is the MOLARITY of a solution that contains 17 g of NH3 in 0.50 L of solution? a) 34 M b) 2.0 M c) 0.50 M d) 0.029 M e) 1.0 M

The molarity (M) of a solution refers to

What is the molarity of a solution containing 5.0 moles of KCl in 2.0 L of solution? a) 2.5 M b) 1.0 M c) 5.0 M d) 10. M e) 2.0 M

What is the molarity of a solution which contains 58.5 g of sodium chloride dissolved in 0.500 L of solution? a) 0.500 M b) 1.00 M c) 1.50 M d) 2.00 M e) 4.00 M

How many mole of CaCl2 are in 250. mL of a 3.0 M CaCl2 solution? a) 750 moles b) 1.3 moles c) 83 moles d) 0.75 mole e) 3.0 moles

What volume of a 1.5 M KOH solution is needed to provide 3.0 moles of KOH? a) 3.0 L b) 0.50 L c) 2.0 L d) 4.5 L e) 0.22L

During the process of DILUTING a solution to a Lower Concentration,

The hydrate of calcium chloride has the formula CaCl2 . 2H2O. What is the mass of 1 mole of this compound? a) 129 g/mole b) 147 g/mole c) 111 g/mole d) 199 g/mole e) 2000 g/mole

The number of moles of a compound dissolved in 1 liter of a solution is called the ___________.

A substance that carries an electric current when dissolved in water is called a(n) ______.

A substance that produces only a small number of ions in solution is known as a _____ electrolyte.

A solution of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, that has a molarity of 0.0100 M contains ______ equivalents of carbonate per liter of the solution.

In the following equation, ________ will precipitate out of water solution. NaCl + AgNO3 --> AgCl + NaNO3

An example of KINETIC ENERGY is a) a coil spring b) running water c) a tree d) natural gas e) chemical energy

The energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance is called

Which of the following is an example of POTENTIAL ENERGY? a) chewing food b) water stored in a reservoir c) burning wood d) a fan blade turning e) riding an exercise bike

The phrase "ability to do work" is a definition of ______.

Which of the following represents a correct description of the energy change that actually occurs? a) Gas burned in a furnace is an example of kinetic energy being converted to thermal energy b) An athlete exercising is an example of mechanical energy being converted to heat c) Gasoline burned in an automobile is an example of kinetic energy being converted to mechanical energy d) The emission of light from the sun is an example of light energy being converted to heat energy e) An electrical fan which is running is an example of electrical energy being converted to mechanical energy

When water from a dam is used to generate electricity, ________ a) Potential energy is converted to electrical energy. b) Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy c) thermal energy is converted to electrical energy d) chemical energy is converted to electrical energy e) electrical energy is converted to mechanical energy

KINETIC ENERGY

POTENTIAL ENERGY

When an electric oven is used, electrical energy is converted to ____ _____.

Global warming is believed to result from all of the following except a) burning of fossil fuels b) increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere c) deforestation d) movement of the earth closer to the sun e) carbon dioxide trapping the heat produced by the sun.

How many calories are required to convert 16.5 g of ice at 0.0 degrees C to liquid water at 32.0 degrees C? The HEAT of FUSION of water is 80.0 cal/g. a) 42,500 cal b) 530 cal c) 1850 cal d) 1320 cal e) 80.0 cal

The specific heat of a substance is the amount of heat needed to

How many calories are required to raise the temperature of a 35.0 g sample of iron from 25C to 35C? Iron has a specific heat of 0.106 cal/g*C. a) 37 cal b) 1.1 cal c) 3.7 cal d) 93 cal e) 130 cal

How many calories are required to increase the temperature of 13 g of alcohol from 11C to 23C? The specific heat of alcohol is 0.58 cal/g*C. a) 83 cal b) 0.63 cal c) 90. cal d) 0.54 cal e) 170 cal

Which of the following quantities is NOT required to calculate the amount of heat energy required to heat water from 25C to 55C? a) the mass of the water sample b) the initial temperature c) the final temperature d) the specific heat of water e) the heat of vaporization of water

Raising the temperature of 10.0 g of water from 10.0C to 20.0C requires 100.0 cal of energy, while raising the temperature of 10.0 g of aluminum from 10.0C to 20.0C requires 22 cal. More calories are required to heat the water because

The number of calories needed to raise the temperature of 32 g of water from 12C to 54C is a) 384. cal b) 1.3 cal c) 1300 cal d) 1700 cal e) 0.76 cal

#98

#99

Which of the following is a property of a solid? a) it takes the shape of the container b) it fills the volume of the container c) the particles move at a rapid rate d) the interactions between its particles are very weak. e) the particles have fixed positions and are very close together

Which of the following is a physical property of both liquids and gases? a) has its own shape b) has a definite volume c) has strong interactions between its particles d) has randomly arranged particles e) has large spaces between molecules

Which of the following properties describes a liquid? a) has its own shape b) particles are close together and move rapidly. c) particles move very rapidly d) fills the entire volume of the container. e) there is essentially no interaction between particles

The physical state(s) present when a substance is melting is (are) a) Solid b) Liquid c) Gas d) Solid + Liquid e) Liquid + Gas

When water is put into a closed container,

The formation of gas resulting from the escape of high-energy particles from the surface of a liquid is known as

When a solid is converted directly to gas, the change of state is called

A burn from steam at 100C is expected to be more severe than a burn from boiling water at 100C because _____

How many calories are required to warm 15.0 g of water from 75 to 100.0C and convert it to steam at 100.0C? The HEAT of VAPORIZATION of water is 540 cal/g. a) 375 cal b) 8500 cal c) 8100 cal d) 410 cal e) 540 cal

In order to calculate the total number of calories needed to melt 1 g of a solid and then convert it to a gas, you must know

Which of the following does NOT involve a change of state? a) melting ice b) freezing water c) vaporization of alcohol d) sublimation of dry ice e) pouring water into a vacuum-insulated bottle.

A heating curve illustrates ______

Which of the following does NOT represent a step on the heating curve of water? a) the temperature of steam cannont exceed 100C b) the temperature of ice remains at 0C as it melts c) the temperature of liquid water increases linearly as it is heated

In water, the melting point is unusually high because

One cup of kidney beans contains 15g of protein, 1g of fat, and 42g of carbohydrate. How many kilocalories, to two significant figures, does this sample contain? a) 60 kcal b) 88 kcal c) 230 kcal d) 240 kcal e) 520 kcal

In a liquid, the strength of the intermolecular interactions is considered a) very weak b) weak c) moderate d) strong e) very strong

In a gas, the distance between the particles is

The specific heat of copper

Water has a boiling point of 100C, and alcohol has a boiling point of 78C, even though water is a smaller molecule. This large difference in boiling point is due to

Is Combustion an example of Oxidation or Reduction reaction?

The rule or principle that describes the effect of changing reaction conditions on an equilibrium is known as

When an electric current is passed through molten salt, this reaction takes place. 2NaCl --> 2 Na + Cl2 It is an example of a ________ reaction.

Which of the following is an example of a physical change? a) grinding coffee beans b) baking a cake c) converting water to hydrogen and oxygen d) digesting a cheeseburger e) burning coal

Which of the following would NOT be a physical change? a) freezing water to make ice cubes b) tearing a piece of aluminum foil c) boiling water for soup d) burning gasoline in a lawnmower e) melting gold to make jewelry

Which of the following is a chemical change? a) cutting a rope b) bending a steel rod c) making a snowman d) burning sugar e) melting gold

Which of the following is a physical change? a) baking a cake b) dry ice subliming c) fermenting grapes to produce wine d) digesting a meal e) a tomato ripening

A chemical equation is balanced when

What is a balanced equation for this reaction? K3PO4+Ca(NO3)2-> Ca3(PO4)2+KNO3

Which of the following correctly gives the best coefficients for the reaction below? N2H4 + H2O2 -> N2 + H2O a) 1, 1, 1, 1 b) 1, 2, 1, 4 c) 2, 4, 2, 8 d) 1, 4, 1, 4 e) 2, 4, 2, 4

What is the coefficient of hydrogen, H2, when the following equation is balanced? Al + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + ? H2 a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 5

What is the coefficient placed in front of O2 to complete the balancing of the following question? C5H8 + ? O2 -> 5CO2 + 4H2O a) 1 b) 3 c) 5 d) 7 e) 9

Pentane (C5H12) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) according to the following reaction. Answer the next three questions:

C5H12 + ? O2 -> ? CO2 + ? H2O What is the coefficient for oxygen in the balanced equation? a) 2 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6 e) 8

C5H12 + ? O2 -> ? CO2 + ? H2O What is the coefficient for carbon dioxide in the balanced equation? a) 2 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6 e) 8

C5H12 + ? O2 -> ? CO2 + ? H2O What is the coefficient for water in the balanced equation? a) 2 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6 e) 8

The following reaction takes place when an electric current is passed through water. It is an example of a __________ reaction. 2H2O --electricity--> 2H2 + O2 a) combination b) single replacement c) combustion d) decomposition e) double replacement

The following reaction is an example of a __________ reaction. 2C2H6 + 7O2 -> 4CO2 + 6H2O a) displacement b) single replacement c) combustion d) decomposition e) double replacement

DOUBLE REPLACEMENT Reaction

Which products would result from the Double Replacement reaction between MgCl2 (aq) and Na2CO3 (aq)?

Which of the following is an Oxidation-Reduction reaction? a) CaCl2 + Na2SO4 -> CaSO4+2NaCl b) KOH + HNO3 -> H2O + KNO3 c) N2 + O2 -> 2NO d) AgNO3 + NaCl -> AgCl + NaNO3

What is oxidized and what is reduced in the following equation? 2Al + 3Br2 <-> 2AlBr3

Which of the following describes an Oxidation? a) loss of electrons or loss of oxygen b) loss of electrons or GAIN of oxygen c) loss of electrons or gain of hydrogen d) gain of electrons or gain of oxygen e) gain of electrons or loss of H

a CATALYST is

When a reaction is at Equilibrium,

For the following equilibrium reaction, which cause and effect are correctly matched? CO (g) + 2H2 (g) -> CH3OH (g) + heat a) add heat, shift right b) add CO, shift left c) remove CH3OH, shift left d) remove heat, no change e) remove H2, shift left

To make a chemical reaction occur, the Activation energy is the energy that

A chemical reaction has reached equilibrium when

In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance oxidized always

In this reaction, what is the substance oxidized? Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2 a) chlorine b) zinc chloride c) hydrogen d) zinc e) oxygen

In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance reduced always

In this reaction, what is the substance reduced? 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O

In this reaction, what is the coefficient for calcium oxide? CaO + CO2 -> CaCO3

#152

In this reaction, what is the correct coefficient for sodium chloride? Pb(NO3)2 + ? NaCl -> PbCl2 + ? NaNO3

In the following reaction, what is the correct coefficient for aluminum chloride? Al + Cl2 -> AlCl3

What is the classification for this reaction? SO3 + H2O -> H2SO4 a) decomposition b) combination c) replacement d) double replacement e) oxidation-reduction

In a catalyzed chemical reaction, one function of a catalyst is to a) increase the number of successful reactant collisions. b) decrease the concentration of reactants c) change the equilibrium of the products and reactants d) increase the energy given off during the reaction e) increase the temperature at which the reaction is carried out

In the following reaction, what is the effect of adding more NO2 to the starting reaction mixture? 2NO2 <-> N2O4 a) it would make the reaction more ENDOthermic b) it would make the reaction more EXOthermic c) it would slow the reaction down d) it would decrease the final quantity of products e) it would Increase the Final quantity of products

The physiological equilibrium system that keeps the temperature of the body constant is called

When you open a bottle of a soft drink and leave it open, the drink eventually goes flat. This happens because the equilibrium between carbonic acid and carbon dioxide shifts to produce a) more carbonic acid b) more water c) more oxygen d) more carbon dioxide e) more hydrogen atoms

The reaction of Carbon with Oxygen to produce Carbon Monoxide is an example of which class of reaction? 2C + O2 -> 2CO a) single replacement b) double replacement c) combination d) catalytic e) endothermic

In the following reaction, Oxidation occurs on which type of atom? 3Mg + N2 -> Mg3N2 a) Magnesium b) Nitrogen c) Oxygen

For the following reaction, what is the correct coefficient for the H2? Fe + HCl -> FeCl3 + H2 a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 5

What is the classification for this unbalanced reaction? Fe + HCl -> FeCl3 + H2 a) combustion b) combination c) decomposition d) single replacement e) double replacement

Iron metal reacts with oxygen gas to produce iron (III) oxide. What will be the effect of increasing the pressure of oxygen gas in a closed reaction vessel? a) Less reaction will take place b) More iron oxide will be produced c) the reaction mixture will catch fire d) the is no effect; a catalyst is needed e) the rate of production of iron oxide will slow down.

Silver nitrate reacts with potassium chloride to produce solid silver chloride and what substance? a) nitrogen b) oxygen c) potassium metal d) potassium nitrate e) potassium nitrite

In any balanced chemical equation, the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is a) doubled b) the same c) decreased by one d) increased by one e) dependent on the temperature

Magnesium reacts with oxygen gas to produce magnesium oxide, light and heat. This reaction is a) an exothermic combination reaction b) an endothermic oxidation reaction c) an exothermic single replacement reaction d) an endothermic double replacement reaction e) an exothermic double replacement reaction

In the reaction of Silver nitrate with copper metal, metallic silver comes out of solution, and the solution turns blue. The silver has undergone a) combustion b) decomposition c) oxidation d) reduction e) solution

In the reaction of silver nitrate solution, which is colorless, with copper metal, metallic silver comes out of solution, and the solution turns blue. The blue of the new solution must be due to a) Silver metal. b) Silver nitrate. c) Copper metal. d) Copper nitrate. e) Water

In the following reaction, what is the effect on the direction of the reaction if more SO3 is added to the reaction mixture? 2SO3 + O2 <-> 2SO3 a) the equilibrium shifts to produce more products. b) the position of the equilibrium remains unchanged. c) the rate of formation of products is increased. d) the equilibrium shifts to produce more reactants. e) The catalyst for the reaction is used up

In the following reaction, Keq is much less than 1. At equilibrium, which of the following statements is true? COCl2 <-> CO + Cl2 a) the concentration of reactant is much greater than the concentration of products. b) the concentration of products is much greater than the concentration of reactants. c) the concentration of products and reactants is approximately equal. d) A catalyst will increase the concentration of products formed.

In the reaction of Nitrogen gas with oxygen gas to produce nitric oxide, what is the effect of adding extra oxygen gas to the initial reaction mixture? The reaction is shown below. N2(g) + O2(g) <-> 2NO(g) a) the equilibrium shifts to produce more N2. b) the equilibrium shifts to produce more NO. c) the equilibrium is not affected d) extra catalyst is required to reach equilibrium. e) the temperature of the reaction mixture is raised.