All fungi share which of the following characteristics?
answer
hetertrophic
question
In fungi, haploid hyphae fuse to produce dikaryotic and then diploid nuclei, only to restore the haploid condition by meiosis before the growth of new hyphae. What is the significance of a transient diploid state in fungi?
answer
These sexual processes generate genetic variation.
question
Which statement(s) correctly describe(s) the interactions between plants and fungi?
answer
Plants are harmed by fungal pathogens.
Plants depend on fungi as mutualistic symbionts.
question
Which of the following ecological roles is/are played by at least some fungi?
answer
Predation
Decomposition
question
Select the correct statement(s) about fungal life cycles.
answer
In some fungi, plasmogamy precedes karyogamy by decades.
Fungi reproduce sexually but do not have male or female genders.
question
Select the correct statement(s) about the origin of fungi.
answer
Multicellularity probably arose independently in fungi and animals.
question
Which of the following cells or structures are associated with asexual reproduction in fungi?
answer
conidiophores
question
Among the organisms listed here, which are thought to be the closest relatives of fungi?
answer
animals
question
The adaptive advantage associated with the filamentous nature of fungal mycelia is primarily related to
answer
an extensive surface area well suited for invasive growth and absorptive nutrition
question
Which of the following is a difference between plants and fungi?
answer
Fungi are heterotrophic, and plants are autotrophic.
question
Fungi obtain nutrients through _____.
answer
absorption
question
The body of most fungi consists of threadlike _____, which form a network called a _____.
answer
hyphae... mycelium
question
The diploid phase of the life cycle is shortest in which of the following?
answer
fungus
question
What sexual processes in fungi generate genetic variation?
answer
karyogamy and meiosis
question
An important example of interaction between fungi and certain other organisms is mycorrhizae, in which the fungal partners _____.
answer
help plants take up nutrients and water
question
Almost all of the members of this phylum form arbuscular mycorrhizae in a mutualistic partnership with plants.
answer
Glomeromycota
question
Fungi of the phylum Ascomycota are recognized on the basis of their production of _____ during sexual reproduction.
answer
saclike structures
question
Fungi form mutualistic relationships with plants and animals. Which of the following is an example of such a relationship?
answer
Fungi help break down wood in the guts of termites.
Fungi help break down plant material in the guts of grazing mammals.
Endophytes in leaves produce toxins that deter herbivores.
Fungi can help increase drought tolerance in plants
question
From the human perspective, which of the following kinds of fungi would be considered the least useful or beneficial?
answer
rusts
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