Chapter 19 Homework

correctly label the following structures related to the position of the heart in the thorax

When the left ventricle contracts the ___ valve closes and the ____ valve is pushed open. -tricuspid; aortic -mitral; aortic

The _______ provides most of the Ca2+ needed for myocardial contraction. a. extracellular fluid. b. mitochondria. c. Sarcoplasmic reticulum. d. Golgi apparatus. e. Cytoskeleton.

Stroke volume is increased by: a.increased afterload b. dehydration c.negative inotropic agents d.increased venous return

The ________________ is the pacemaker that initiates each heart beat. a. Sympathetic division of the nervous system. b. autonomic nervous system. c. (SA) node. d. Atrioventricular (AV) node.

The long plateau in the action potential observed in cardiocytes is probably related with ____ staying longer in their cytosol. a. Na+ . b. K+. c. Ca2+. d. Cl- . e. Na+, K+, and Ca2+.

Correctly label the following external anatomy of the anterior heart.

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) generates a murmur associated with the __________ heart sound that occurs when the __________.

Indicate whether each structure is part of the systemic or pulmonary circuit:

Congestive heart failure of the right ventricle a. Can cause pulmonary edema. b. Can cause systemic edema. c. Increases the ejection fraction of the right ventricle. d. Reduces the ejection fraction of the left ventricle. e. Increases cardiac output in both ventricles.

The volume of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute is called a. The cardiac reserve. b. The preload. c. The afterload. d. The stroke volume. e. The cardiac output.

Assume that the left ventricle of a child's heart has an EDV=90mL, and ESV=60mL, and a cardiac output of 2,400 mL/min. His SV and HR are a. SV=30 mL/beat, HR=80 bpm. b. SV=40 mL/beat, HR=60 bpm. c. SV=80 mL/beat, HR=30 bpm. d. SV=150 mL/beat, HR=16 bpm. e. SV=16 mL/beat, HR=150 bpm.

Which is the correct path of an electrical excitation from the pacemaker to a cardiomyocyte in the left ventricle (LV)?

The __________ performs the work of the heart. a. pericardial activity b.epicardium c. fibrous skeleton d. myocardium

Which of the following carry oxygen-poor blood. a. Pulmonary veins and vena cavae. b. Aorta and pulmonary veins. c. Aorta and vena cavae. d. Venae cavae and pulmonary arteries. e. Pulmonary veins and pulmonary arteries.

Mitral valve stenosis causes blood to leak back into the______when the ventricles contract a. Left atrium b. Right atrium c. Aorta d. pulmonary trunk e. pulmonary arteries

_____________ is the most superficial layer enclosing the heart. A. Parietal pericardium B. Visceral pericardium C. Endocardium D. Epicardium E. Myocardium

Which of the following is not a feature of cardiac muscle?

which of the following is a feature shared by cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle a. muscle fiber strations b. communication via electrical (gap) junctions c .intercalated discs d. autorhythmicity e.dependence upon nervous stimulation