CH 21 HW

Tears and mucus membranes would be a part of which defense system? innate internal defenses innate external defenses adaptive defenses

Phagocytotic cells such as macrophages identify a variety of enemies by recognizing markers unique to pathogens. They would be classified as which type of defense system? adaptive defenses innate internal defenses innate external defenses

What cells make antibodies? memory T cells cytotoxic T cells plasma B cells memory B cells

What is the name of the unique area (specific region) that a lymphocyte recognizes and binds to? antibody an antigenic determinant antigen pathogen

What type of immunity can be transferred by bodily fluids from one person to another, thus conferring immunity to the recipient? humoral immunity cell-mediated immunity cellular immunity

If a virus attacks a cell, which type of immunity would be activated? antibody-mediated immunity cell-mediated immunity (cellular immunity) humoral immunity

Cancer cells would be attacked by which of the following cells? Cytotoxic T cells B cells macrophages

What is the role of helper T cells in the adaptive immune response? Helper T cells directly kill infected host cells. Helper T cells activate B cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes to kill infected host cells. Helper T cells produce and secrete antibodies. Helper T cells phagocytize bacteria and viruses.

What is meant by the clonal expansion of a B cell? -An activated B cell will kill infected host cells. -An activated B cell divides into cells that give rise to memory B cells and plasma cells. -An activated B cell will immediately begin to produce antibodies. -An activated B cell will engulf and digest anything foreign.

The student who caught the cold caused by this specific Rhinovirus was exposed to the exact same Rhinovirus 18 months later. What component of the immune system will protect her from getting the same cold again? Dendritic cells Plasma cells Memory B cells Antibodies that are "left over" from the last infection

Correctly order the steps involved cellular immunity: 1 - The Tc recognizes the infected host cell 2 - The Tc interacts with epitope presented by MHC-I on the dendritic cell 3 - The Tc secretes perforin and granzyme, causing apoptosis 4 - The helper T cell activates the Tc cell View Available Hint(s) 2,1,3,4 4,2,1,3 2,4,1,3 1,2,4,3

Which of the following is NOT a step used by cytotoxic T cells to kill infected host cells? Secretion of perforin Secretion of granzyme Recognition of infected host cell using its TCR Recognition of infected host cell using its CD4 glycoprotein

Place the following steps of phagocytosis in the order that they occur: 1 - Endosome fuses with lysozome 2 - Dendritic cell engulfs Rhinovirus 3 - Epitopes are attached to MHC-II 4 - Digestion of the Rhinovirus 5 - MHC-II plus the attached epitope move to the outside of the dendritic cell 2,1,4,3,5 2,1,3,4,5 2,4,1,3,5 1,2,4,3,5

Which pair of molecules do NOT directly interact with one another? CD8 and MHC-I BCR and epitope CD4 and MHC-II BCR and TCR

Which of the following is NOT a step that ultimately leads to antibody production? Differentiation of plasma cells Naive B cells conducting surveillance for foreign epitopes Activation of cytotoxic T cells by helper T cells Activation of helper T cells by dendritic cells

A person who has AIDS contracts rare and often life-threatening infections because their helper T cell count is so low. Which of the following components of the immune response still respond to antigen despite the low helper T cell count? Clonal selection of B cells Apoptosis of infected host cells Clonal expansion and antibody production Activation of cytotoxic T cells

Which of the following statements is true? -Adaptive defenses include humoral immunity only. -Adaptive defenses include both humoral and cellular immunity. -Memory B cells are typically established when the B cell binds to an antigen. -Innate defenses are enough to keep a person healthly

Which of the following are antigen-presenting cells (APC)? memory cells T cells B cells natural killer cells

Which of the following cells engulf antigens and present fragments of them on their own surfaces for recognition? dendritic cells NK cells T lymphocytes plasma cells

Which cells secrete histamines that trigger inflammatory pathways? neutrophils mast cells macrophages NK cells

Which of the following is an effect of complement activation? opsonization fever tissue repair T cell activation

Class II MHC proteins are found on which of the following cell types? all nucleated cells antigen-presenting cells

Which class of MHC proteins presents exogenous antigens? class II MHC proteins class I MHC proteins

Class I MHC proteins are recognized by which of the following cell types (that are destined to become T cells)? CD8 CD4

Which of the following types of cells display protein fragments produced by the cancer within them? macrophages dendritic cells B cells all nucleated cells

Which major class of lymphocytes become cytotoxic T cells? CD8 cells CD6 cells CD4 cells

Which of the following activate CD8 cells? antigens on class II MHC proteins exogenous antigens peptides containing 14-17 amino acids antigen fragments on class I MHC proteins

What type of T cell can directly attack and kill other cells, such as virus-infected cells? regulatory T (TReg) cells APC helper T (TH) cells cytotoxic T (TC) cells

Which of these mechanisms do cytotoxic T (TC) cells use to destroy a target--that is, deliver a lethal hit? perforation of the membrane opsonization agglutination of target cells the seeking of cells lacking class I MHC proteins

Which type of T cell will recognize antigens associated with an organ transplant? cytotoxic T (TC) cells helper T (TH) cells CD8 cells regulatory T (TReg) cell

T cells achieve self-tolerance in the __________. bone marrow lymph nodes tonsils thymus

Which of the following are NOT appropriately matched? macrophages: antigen-presenting cells B cells: produce free antibodies helper T cells: destroy infected cells cytotoxic T cells: destroy virally infected cells

Activated CD8 cells become __________. helper T cells NK cells cytotoxic T cells B cells