Bio Test 2 (ch4)

A(n) ________ is a drug that blocks or inhibits postsynaptic receptor effects.

Drugs that facilitate the postsynaptic receptor effects are termed

Administering a molecule that is a precursor for the synthesis of a synaptic neurotransmitter would be expected to

We would classify a drug as a(n) ________ if that drug acted to block the capacity of vesicles to be filled with neurotransmitter molecules.

A drug that binds with a postsynaptic receptor, but does not open ion channels would be termed a(n)

A drug that binds at a postsynaptic site different from that of the neurotransmitter and facilitates the opening of ion channels would be termed a(n)

A(n) ________ is defined as drug that binds at a postsynaptic site different from that of the neurotransmitter and that prevents the opening of ion channels by the neurotransmitter.

A drug that activates a presynaptic autoreceptor will usually

Activation of dendritic autoreceptors produce ________; a drug that is an agonist at these autoreceptors would be classified as an ________ for the synapse.

A drug that blocks a presynaptic autoreceptor most likely

A synapse that contains a presynaptic heteroreceptor would be classified as a(n) ________ synapse.

Activation of a presynaptic autoreceptor on dendrites can produce a hyperpolarization that

Inactivation of a transporter in the presynaptic membrane would be expected to

Termination of the postsynaptic potential would be expected from a drug or process that acts to

The two most commonly used synaptic neurotransmitters in the brain are

Which of the following is an incorrect match between a neurotransmitter and its effects?

Which pair of transmitters are the primary excitatory and inhibitory (respectively) transmitters in the brain?

________ is the primary neurotransmitter secreted by motor axons of the CNS.

Which transmitter below induces muscle movement and is the primary transmitter secreted by efferent axons of the central nervous system?

Match up the transmitter substance below with the appropriate behavioral role or action of that transmitter:

Cholinergic neurons within the ________ are thought to ________.

Match up the cholinergic fiber system with the correct role of that system in the control of behavior:

Damage to the ________ cholinergic system would be expected to impair learning.

Acetylcholine is produced when ________ accepts an acetate ion from coenzyme A and transfers it to a choline molecule.

Activation of the ________ has been related to the control of REM sleep.

Which pair of drugs below is known to facilitate and inhibit (respectively) the release of acetylcholine?

In the anecdote on cholinergic toxicity, Mr. F. contracted botulism by

An ionotropic cholinergic receptor produces a postsynaptic potential that is

The disease process of myasthenia gravis produces muscle weakness by

A drug that blocks acetylcholinesterase in brain would be expected to

The postsynaptic action of acetylcholine is terminated by

Which of the following is true of the cholinergic systems?

Nicotinic receptors are found in ________ in the periphery and in ________ in the brain.

Which pair below represents the receptor subtypes for acetylcholine?

Which pair of drugs below are antagonists for the muscarinic and nicotinic (respectively) receptors?

Curare is used in medical clinics to

The drug ________ causes pupil dilation by blocking ________ receptors.

The amino acid ________ is the synthesis precursor for dopamine and norepinephrine.

Which of the following is classified as an indolamine?

Tyrosine is the precursor for the synthesis of

Degeneration of neurons within the ________ dopamine system leads to Parkinson's disease.

Damage to the ________ dopaminergic system would be expected to impair movement.

The neostriatum consists of the

The ________ dopamine system plays a key role in the control of ________.

Low doses of the drug apomorphine

The drug reserpine

Which of the following is true of dopamine receptors?

A drug that causes the transporters for dopamine to run in reverse would

Drugs that inactivate monoamine oxidase B would be expected to

Abnormal brain levels of dopamine are associated with

A person who eats cheese while taking a(n) ________ may suffer a fatal increase in blood pressure.

The final synthesis step for norepinephrine occurs in the ________ and requires the presence of ________.

Which of the pairs below are synonymous?

The unique aspect of norepinephrine (NE) release is that

Drugs that block MAO-A are ________ agonists, whereas MAO-B blockers are ________.

Activation of 1- and 2-adrenoceptors in brain produce ________ and ________, respectively.

Serotonin is synthesized from

Drugs that block the reuptake of serotonin or that cause the release of serotonin are used therapeutically to treat

The ________ serotonin receptor subtype is classified as an ionotropic receptor.

Cell bodies of serotonin neurons are located within the

Drugs that block histamine receptors produce

Which of the following is a reason that is it is difficult to prove that amino acids can function as neurotransmitters?

Glutamate, GABA, and glycine are important because these are

Which of the following is a true of NMDA receptors?

Alcohol withdrawal can lead to seizures because of the effect of alcohol on

The hallucinatory drug PCP (phencyclidine)

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is produced from

Which of the following is true of GABA in the brain?

The GABAA receptor is ________ and controls a ________ channel.

Which of the following is a correct match between a drug and its effect on GABA function?

The GABAA antagonist ________ can induce motor convulsions.

Which of the following is characteristic of glycine?

Inactivation of glycine receptors would be expected to result in

Neuropeptides are distinctive in that these transmitters

The term "opioid" refers to ________, while the term "opiates" refers to ________.

Which of the following is true of opioid effects in brain?

Drugs such as morphine and heroin are classified as

Activation of cannabinoid receptors by THC

Which of the following is true of CB1 receptors?

The excitatory effects of caffeine result from

Nitric oxide

A drug that mimics the effects of a neurotransmitter would be labeled as a direct ______.

Activation of ________ autoreceptors inhibits the rate of firing of the nerve cell.

________ is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord.

Acetylcholine is inactivated within the synapse by the action of the enzyme ________.

________ is the precursor for the synthesis of dopamine.

________ is synthesized from tryptophan.

Hallucinogenic drugs such as LSD are ______ for the 5HT2A receptor.

Secretion of histamine increases ________.

The hallucinatory drug PCP (phencyclidine) is an antagonist of the ________ receptor.

Memory impairment results from the effects of THC on CB1 receptors located in the ________.

________ induces behavioral activation by blocking adenosine receptors.