APUSH Chapter 22 Terms

African-American leader who wanted to end discrimination in the work place. He led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, a vigorous union representing a virtually all black workforce

He was an American writer, philosopher, educator, and patron of the arts. Distinguished as the first African American Rhodes Scholar in 1907. He assembled a notable collection of black writing published in 1925 as The New Negro

He was an American statesman who was elected Governor of New York four times and was the Democratic U.S. presidential candidate in 1928. He lost presidential election to Herbert Hoover.

It is the term that most United States employers in the 1920s used to describe their policy of refusing to negotiate with unions. The policy promoted union-free "open shops", where workers would not be required to join a labor union

It affected American life in countless ways. It greatly expanded the geographic horizons of millions of people. Also, rural men and women found in the automobile a mean s of escaping the isolation of farm life.

He was an American composer, pianist and bandleader of jazz orchestras. He led his orchestra from 1923 until his death, his career spanning over 50 years.

He was a German-American journalist, satirist, cultural critic and scholar of American English. He created the Smart Set and the American Mercury, which ridiculed everything most middle- class Americans held dear: religion, politics, the arts, even democracy itself.

An African-American movement (poetry, literature, music) beginning in the New York City neighborhood of Harlem. It gave blacks pride in their culture.

He was the most energetic member of cabinet. During the eight years in the Commerce Department, Hoover encouraged voluntary cooperation in the private sector as the best avenue to stability. Also, hoover served as head of the U.S. Food Administration during World War I, and became internationally known for humanitarian relief efforts in war-time Belgium

Name for Japanese immigrants during the war who were not eligible for U.S. citizenship because of their race. It is a Japanese language term used in countries in North America and South America to specify the Japanese people who were first to immigrate. Issei are born in Japan.

-- was an American ragtime and early jazz pianist, bandleader and composer who started his career in New Orleans, Louisiana. Widely recognized as a pivotal figure in early jazz,

A white supremacy group who used lynchings to intimidate blacks. reborn in the 1920s with the nativist movement

-- A leading poet of the Harlem Renaissance who described the rich culture of african American life using rhythms influenced by jazz music. He wrote of African American hope and defiance in poems such as "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" and "My People"

Authors disillusioned after World War I including Faulkner, Fitzgerald, Hemingway and Gertrude Stein. They lived through the Great War quickly came to see the conflict as a useless waste of lives lost for no purpose.

American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood.

The primary purpose was to restrict the flow of newcomers from Southern and Eastern Europe. It established immigrant quotas that discriminated against Southern and Eastern Europeans. This was the primary reason for the decrease in the numbers of Europeans immigrating to the US in the 1920s.

-- It is a Japanese language term used in countries in North America, South America and Australia to specify the children born to Japanese people in the new country. The Nisei are considered the second generation.

It was a complicated formula for setting an adequate price for farm goods. It ensures that farmers would earn back at least their production costs no matter how the national or world agricultural market might fluctuate.

A highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching Darwin's theory of evolution in high school. It went against the Bible creationist theory.

American novelist who attacked American society with irony; He was the first American to win a Nobel Prize for Literature.

A government scandal involving a former United States oil reserve that was secretly leased to a private oil company. Secretary of Interior Albert Fall, who accepted large sums of money and gifts from private oil companies. In exchange, Gall allowed the companies to control government oil reserves in Elk Hills, California, and Teapot Dome Wyoming.

In 1927, The Jazz Singer was the first movie with sound "talkie." It created nationwide excitement

It was the paternalistic techniques employed by some employers to improve working conditions to lead to a more stable workforce. Ex: Henry Ford shortened workweek, raised wages, paid vacations, US Steel improved safety and sanitation.