APUSH Ch. 5

mainly in Pennsylvania; known as Pennsylvania Dutch; clung to German language and customs (no loyalty to Britain)

not Irish at all, but Scots Lowlanders; mainly in Pennsylvania; most land already taken by others --> among first settlers of the west; restless, used temporary shelters; violent towards Indians; known as lawless and individualistic (brought knowledge of whiskey distilling)

1764: led by Scots-Irish, armed march on Philadelphia, prostesting Quaker's leniant policy towards Indians

in North Carolina; Scots-Irish led insurrection against eastern domination of the colony's affairs

New England rum --> Gold Coast of Africa slaves --> West Indies molasses --> distilled into rum in New England

1733: British law trying to squelch American trade with French West Indies

named after Dutch theologian Jacobus Arminius; belief that individual free will determined person's salvation, not divine decree; all humans could be saved if they accepted God's grace

rousing religious revival in 1730s and 1740s; encouraged great emotion in religion; set off schisms in religious sects and fresh wave of missionary work among Indians and black slaves

spoke with burning righteousness; proclaimed need for complete dependence on God's grace, not good works; described hell and enternal torments of the damned

amazing religious speaker, instilled great emotion in his listeners

orthodox clergymen; deeply skeptical of emotionalism and theatrical antics of revivalists

defended awakening for its role in revitalizing American religion

wrote "Poor Richard's Almanack"; invented lightning rod, bifocal spectacles, Franklin stove, and proved lightning was a form of electricity; established 1st US public library in Philadelphia

edited by BF from 1732-1758; pithy sayings and virtues like thrift, industry, morality, common sense; 2nd most popular book in America after the Bible

1734-1735 in NY; newspaper printer John Peter Zenger exposed the corrupt royal governor and was charged with libel; was declared innocent and it was a great victory for freedom of the press

colonies w/ royal governors appointed by the king (8 colonies)

colonies under proprietors who chose the governors (Maryland, Pennsylvania, Delaware)

governor of NY and NJ in 1702; corrupt, alcoholic, foolish, vain