AP Government Chapter 3

the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to the states

Money from the national government that states can spend within broad guidelines determined by Washington

supreme or ultimate political authority

sovereignty is in the hands of the national government

government in which the states are sovereign and the national government is allowed to do only that which the states permit

government in which sovereignty is shared between state and national governments

government in which local units of government have a specially protected existence and can make some final decisions over some governmental activities.

a type of government that links different groups together and derives its power directly from the people

established that Congress may establish a bank because it was "necessary and proper" and that the federal bank could not be taxed by the state

president who believed the national government was the superior and leading force in political affairs and that its powers ought to be broadly defined and liberally construed

president who argued for states rights as opposed to national supremacy

constitutional authorization for Congress to make any law required to carry out its powers

The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution.

A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies.

commerce between two or more states which can be regulated by the federal government

commerce occurring within one state which cannot be regulated by the federal government

state power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals

Procedure whereby a certain number of voters may, by petition, propose a law or constitutional amendment and have it submitted to the voters

The practice of letting voters accept or reject measures proposed by the legislature

gives citizens a chance to remove an elected official from office before the person's term ends

Money given by the national government to the states

areas of land given to settlers by the government in hopes of expanding growth in the west. They were used to fund colleges, wagon roads, canals, and railroads

Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport

Federal sharing of a fixed percentage off its revenue with the states

Terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain funds

Terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants