American History Unit 4 Chapter 15

20 August 2022
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General William T. Sherman's Special Field Order 15:
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set aside the Sea Islands and forty-acre tracts of land in South Carolina and Georgia for black families.
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Which of the following best describes the black response to the ending of the Civil War and the coming of freedom?
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Blacks adopted different ways of testing their freedom, including moving about, seeking kin, and rejecting older forms of deferential behavior.
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How did emancipation affect the structure of the black family?
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The black family became more like the typical white family, with men as the breadwinners and women as the homemakers.
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During Reconstruction, the role of the church in the black community:
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was central, as African-Americans formed their own churches.
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Which denominations had the largest followings among blacks after the Civil War?
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Methodist and Baptist
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Howard University is well known as:
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a black university in Washington, D.C.
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Anything less than __________ would betray the Civil war's meaning, black spokesmen insisted.
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full citizenship
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For former slaves, freedom first and foremost meant:
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land ownership.
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How did the Civil War affect planter families?
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For the first time, some of them had to do physical labor.
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The northern vision of the reconstruction-era southern economy included all of the following EXCEPT:
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the labor system would be as close to slavery as possible, thereby assuring high productivity.
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The Freedmen's Bureau:
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made notable achievements in improving African-American education and health care.
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Sharecropping:
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was preferred by African-Americans to gang labor (because they were less subject to supervision).
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The crop-lien system:
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kept many sharecroppers in a state of constant debt and poverty.
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White farmers in the late nineteenth-century South:
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included many sharecroppers involved in the crop-lien system.
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During Reconstruction, southern cities:
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enjoyed newfound prosperity as merchants traded more frequently with the North.
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What did the freedmen request in their Petition of Committee on Behalf of the Freedmen to Andrew Johnson" in 1865?
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the right to purchase a homestead
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With the end of slavery in the British Caribbean, more than 100,000 laborers came from where to fill the labor shortage?
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India
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Which of the following is NOT true about Andrew Johnson?
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Through hard work, he rose into the planter class and then became a successful politician.
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Andrew Johnson:
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lacked Lincoln's political skills and keen sense of public opinion.
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The southern Black Codes:
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allowed the arrest on vagrancy charges of former slaves who failed to sign yearly labor contracts.
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Radical Republicans:
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fully embraced the expanded powers of the federal government born during the Civil War.
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Which of the following is NOT true of Thaddeus Stevens?
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He represented Massachusetts in the U.S. Senate.
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The most ambitious, but least successful, of the Radical Republicans' aims was:
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land reform.
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The Civil Rights Bill of 1866:
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defined the rights of American citizens without regard to race.
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When Congress send Andrew Johnson the Civil rights Bill of 1866, he:
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argued that it discriminated against whites.
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The Fourteenth Amendment:
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marked the most important change in the U.S. Constitution since the Bill of Rights.
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In March 1867, Congress began Radical Reconstruction by adopting the __________, which created new state governments and provided for black male suffrage in the South.
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Reconstruction Act
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What early 1868 action by Andrew Johnson sparked his impeachment by the U.S. House of Representatives?
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He allegedly violated the Tenure of Office Act.
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Why was Andrew Johnson acquitted on charged of impeachment?
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Johnson's lawyers assured moderate Republicans that he would behave for the rest of his term, so several voted to acquit him.
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"Waving the bloody shirt" referred to:
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a Republican attempt to associate Democrats with secession and treason.
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For the 1868 Democratic presidential ticket, Horatio Seymour and Francis Blair Jr. ad a campaign motto of:
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This is a White Man's Country. Let White Men Rule.
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All of the following are true of passage of the Fifteenth Amendment EXCEPT:
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it aided the election of Ulysses Grant to presidency in 1868.
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The Fifteenth Amendment:
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sought to guarantee that one could not be denied suffrage rights based on race.
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During Reconstruction, those like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucy Stone who supported a woman's right to vote:
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found themselves divided over whether or not to support the Fifteenth Amendment.
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The U.S. Supreme Court's decision in the 1873 case in which Myra Bradwell challenged an Illinois statute excluding women from practicing law:
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demonstrates that, while racial definitions of freedom were changing, gendered ones still existed.
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With the beginning of radical reconstruction, southern African-Americans in the late 1860s and early 1870s took direct action to remedy long-standing grievances. These actions included:
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sit-ins that helped to integrate horse-drawn streetcars in southern cities.
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Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce were the first two black:
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U.S. Senators.
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Black officeholders during Reconstruction:
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helped ensure a degree of fairness in treatment of African-American citizens.
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During reconstruction, southern state governments helped to finance:
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railroads.
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Most of those termed "scalawags" during Reconstruction had been:
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non-slaveholding white farmers from the southern up-country prior to the Civil War.
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Southern Republicans during Reconstruction:
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established the South's first state-sponsored schools.
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Which of the following was NOT an accomplishment of southern governments run by Republicans during Reconstruction?
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widespread transformation of plantations into black-owned farms
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The Whiskey Ring scandal took place during the administration of:
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Ulysses Grant.
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The bloodiest act of violence during reconstruction took place in __________ in 1873, where armed whites killed hundreds of former slaves, including fifty militia members who had surrendered.
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Colfax, Louisiana,
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The Enforcement Acts, passed by Congress in 1870 and 1871, were designed to:
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stop the activities of terrorist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan.
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The Liberal Republican movement in 1872:
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initially had little to do with Reconstruction but encouraged opposition to Grant's policies in the South.
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The Prostrate State depicts:
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South Carolina under allegedly corrupt Negro rule during reconstruction.
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The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the Slaughterhouse Cases that:
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most rights of citizens are under the control of state governments rather than the federal government.
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In 1875, when Mississippi governor Adelbert Ames asked president Grant for help because white rifle clubs had openly assaulted and murdered Republicans, Grant:
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told Ames hat the northern public was "tired out" with southern problems.
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In the 1870s, who claimed to have saved the white South from the corruption and misgovernment of northern and black officials?
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Redeemers
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The election of 1876:
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was tainted by claims of fraud in Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.
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The Bargain of 1877:
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led to the appointment of a southerner as postmaster general.
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The civil rights era of the 1950s and 1960s is sometimes called the:
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Second Reconstruction.
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The two maps of the barrow Plantation demonstrate:
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the African-American commitment to education.