Chapter 5

1) Which of the following is not one of the AAA controls? A) authentication B) auditing C) accuracy D) authorizations

2) ________ is the process of assessing the identity of each individual claiming to have permission to use a resource. A) Authorizations B) Authentication C) Accuracy D) Auditing

3) ________ is the process of assessing the identity of each individual claiming to have permission to use a resource. A) Authorizations B) Authentication C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

4) ________ is the process of collecting information about the activities of each individual in log files for immediate and later analysis. A) Authorizations B) Authentication C) Accuracy D) Auditing

5) Authentication is the process of collecting information about the activities of each individual in log files for immediate and later analysis.

7) Two-factor authentication can be defeated if ________. A) the user's computer is compromised B) the attacker uses a man-in-the-middle attack C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

8) Compared to access control based on individual accounts, RBAC is ________. A) less prone to error B) more expensive C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

9) In the military, departments do not have the ability to alter access control rules set by higher authorities in ________. A) policy-based access control B) mandatory access control C) discretionary access control D) multilevel access control

10) In ________ the department has discretion over giving access to individuals, within policy standards set by higher authorities. A) policy-based access control B) mandatory access control C) discretionary access control D) delegated access control

11) In military security, the term multilevel security means multifactor security.

12) In military security, SBU documents are unclassified.

13) All unattended exits should be locked to bar exit.

14) In CobiT, entry must be ________. A) justified B) logged C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

15) On loading docks, outgoing shipments should be separated from incoming shipments ________. A) to ensure the segregation of duties B) to avoid confusion C) to reduce the risk of theft D) All of the above

16) Which of the following is not one of the rules for working in secure areas? A) Unsupervised work in secure areas should be avoided. B) When no one is in a secure area, it should be locked and verified periodically. C) No one should be allowed to work in secure areas for more than four hours in a row. D) Electronic devices that can record or copy mass amounts of information should be forbidden in secure areas.

17) Which of the following should be forbidden in secure areas? A) cameras B) USB flash drives C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

19) ________ can be used to supply power during long power outages. A) Uninterruptable power supplies B) Electrical generators C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

20) If a laptop needs to be taken off premises, ________. A) it should first be logged out. B) it should be logged in when returned C) all sensitive information should be removed D) All of the above

21) Buildings should be set back from streets and protected with rolling hill landscaping to reduce threats from ________. A) wireless eavesdropping B) industrial espionage C) casual observation D) terrorism

22) ________ is a social engineering trick where an intruder may follow an authorized user through a door that the authorized user opens with an access device. A) Shoulder surfing B) Shadowing C) Trailing D) Piggybacking

23) It is illegal to go through a company's trash bins even if the trash bins are outside the corporation.

24) Most users who have access to servers use reusable passwords for authentication.

25) PCs should require login screens with complex passwords.

26) Password cracking is usually done over the network by trying many passwords to log into an account.

27) Long passwords that use several types of keyboard characters are called ________ passwords. A) complex B) reusable C) dictionary D) one-time

28) The book recommends that passwords be at least ________ characters long. A) 6 B) 8 C) 20 D) 100

29) According to the book, r%Dv$ is a strong password.

30) It is very important for testers to get permission before running a password cracking program on their company's computers to check for weak passwords, even if such testing is in their job definitions.

31) Users should select very long and complex passwords and use the same password at all sites for auditability.

33) Which of the following is true? A) human password resets are dangerous B) automated password resets are dangerous C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

34) In high-risk environments, password reset risks are reduced by requiring the user's physical presence.

35) Passwords offer reasonable security at reasonable cost and will likely continue to increase in importance in the future.

36) A ________ card is an access card that has a built-in microprocessor and memory. A) magnetic stripe B) smart C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

37) A magnetic stripe card is an access card that has a built-in microprocessor and memory.

38) A ________ card stores authentication data. A) magnetic stripe B) smart C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

40) A ________ is a small device that plugs into a standard computer port to identify the owner. A) one-time-password token B) USB token C) magnetic stripe card D) smart card

41) A ________ does not require a special reader to be added to a PC for access control. A) USB token B) magnetic stripe card C) smart card D) All of the above

42) ________ can be much shorter than ________. A) PINs, passwords B) Passwords, PINs C) there is no general length difference between passwords and PINs D) None of the above

43) The major promise of biometrics is to replace reusable passwords

45) The template is based on ________ generated during the enrollment scan. A) scan data B) key features C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

46) In biometric, a match occurs when a ________ meets the decision criteria. A) set of key features B) match index C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

47) A false rejection occurs when a person is improperly matched to a template.

48) A false acceptance occurs when a person is improperly matched to a template.

49) For computer access, a false ________ means that a legitimate user is denied access to a resource. A) rejection B) acceptance C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

50) From a security viewpoint, a false acceptance is always worse than a false rejection.

51) For watch lists of criminals, a false ________ means that an innocent person is identified as a criminal. A) acceptance B) rejection C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

52) For watch lists of criminals, a false acceptance is worse than a false rejection from a security viewpoint.

53) Identification is the process where the verifier determines whether the supplicant is a particular person that the supplicant claims who he or she is.

54) Verification is the process where the verifier determines the identity of the supplicant.

55) The verifier itself determines the identity of the supplicant in ________. A) verification B) identification C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

56) Verification requires more matches against templates than does identification.

57) Identification requires more matches against templates than does verification.

58) Which is more likely to generate a false acceptance? A) verification B) identification C) Both verification and identification are equally likely to generate a false acceptance. D) None of the above

59) ________ is a form of identification that identifies a person as being a member of a group. A) RBAC B) Watch list matching C) Group ID matching D) Group acceptance

60) When an attacker deliberately attempts to fool the system, this is called ________. A) deception B) a false acceptance C) a false rejection D) All of the above.

61) Fingerprint scanning, which is often deceived, may be acceptable for entry into a non-sensitive supplies cabinet.

62) Because fingerprint scanning is often deceived, it should never be used as a security measure.

63) Which of the following statements accurately describes fingerprint recognition? A) fingerprint recognition scanners are very expensive B) fingerprint recognition is easily deceived C) fingerprint recognition is rarely used D) All of the above

64) Fingerprint recognition is easily deceived.

65) Fingerprint recognition should be used as a security measure for access to ________. A) a non-essential supply cabinet B) a notebook containing sensitive information C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

66) Which of the following statements accurately describes iris recognition? A) iris recognition has high FARs B) iris recognition technology is expensive C) iris recognition scans the eye with lasers D) All of the above

67) Iris recognition technology is ________ and ________. A) expensive, has low FARs B) expensive, has high FARs C) inexpensive, has low FARs D) inexpensive, has high FARs

68) Iris scanning usually is done surreptitiously.

69) Hand geometry recognition is used heavily for ________. A) PC access B) watch list access C) door access D) server access

70) The most widely used form of biometrics is ________. A) retinal scanning B) iris scanning C) fingerprint scanning D) face recognition

71) The strongest form of authentication is ________. A) biometrics B) cryptographic authentication C) reusable passwords D) smart cards

72) Biometric authentication is the strongest form of authentication.

73) A firm can be its own certificate authority for internal users.

75) CAs distribute public keys ________. A) in digital certificates B) only in ways using encryption for confidentiality C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

76) In the context of PKI, ________ is the process of accepting public keys and providing new digital certificates to the users. A) provisioning B) reflection C) coordination D) certification

77) The ________ authentication problem is that unless individuals are carefully vetted before being allowed in a system, imposters can simply enroll through social engineering. A) core B) prime C) final D) human

78) Giving a user permissions to use a certain resource is ________. A) authentication B) authorization C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

80) The principle of ________ states that each person should only get the permissions that he or she absolutely needs to do his or her job. A) appropriate authorizations B) least permissions C) minimization D) All of the above

81) When assigning initial permissions, it is good to add more permissions than strictly necessary and then remove permissions if appropriate.

82) When assigning initial permissions, it is good to give the least permissions believed to be necessary and then add permissions if appropriate.

83) If a firewall lacks the processing power to handle incoming traffic, it will drop any packets it cannot process. This is ________. A) a security failure B) failing safely C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

84) ________ record(s) and analyzes what a person or program actually did. A) Authentication B) Authorizations C) Auditing D) All of the above

86) Which of the following is not one of the devices in RADIUS central authentication? A) the supplicant B) the verifier C) the authenticator D) the RADIUS central authentication server

87) In Kerberos, the ________ is the supplicant's proof that it has already authenticated itself with the Kerberos Server. A) ticket granting ticket B) service ticket C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

88) In Kerberos, the ________ is an encrypted session key that only the verifier can decrypt. A) ticket granting ticket B) service ticket C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

89) In Kerberos, the ________ is sent from the Kerberos server to the supplicant. A) ticket granting ticket B) service ticket C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

91) The ________ gives the verifier a symmetric session key. A) ticket-granting ticket B) service ticket C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

92) In Kerberos, the Kerberos server sends the Service Ticket directly to the supplicant rather than directly to the verifier.

93) In Kerberos, the verifier is explicitly notified that the supplicant has been authenticated.

94) In directory servers, information is organized ________. A) hierarchically B) rhizomatically C) relationally D) None of the above

95) In directory servers, ________. A) there can only be one O in a directory server B) there can only be one OU in a directory server C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

97) LDAP can be used ________. A) to update information in the directory server B) to retrieve data from the directory server C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

98) ________ often get their authentication information from ________. A) Directory servers, central authentication servers B) Central authentication servers, metadirectory servers C) Central authentication servers, directory servers D) Metadirectory servers, central authentication servers

99) Microsoft's directory server product is ________. A) Kerberos B) Active Directory C) LDAP D) MS Directory

100) In Active Directory, a domain controller contains ________. A) a RADIUS authentication server program B) an Active Directory database C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

101) A Microsoft domain can have multiple domain controllers.

103) Replication between a domain controller in a child domain and a domain controller in its parent domain is ________. A) total B) partial C) nonexistent D) intransitive

104) If Directory Server A trusts Directory Server B and Directory Server B trusts Directory Server C then Directory Server A MUST trust Directory Server C.

105) If Directory Server A trusts Directory Server B, Directory Server B trusts Directory Server C, and Directory Server A trusts Directory Server C, this is ________ trust. A) mutual B) one-way C) transitive D) intransitive

106) If Directory Server A trusts Directory Server Band Directory Server B trusts Directory Server A, this is ________ trust. A) mutual B) one-way C) transitive D) intransitive

107) Directory servers from different vendors are synchronized through ________. A) LDAP B) central authentication servers C) AD servers D) None of the above

109) In federated identity management, firms do not query one another's identity management databases.

110) In federated identity management, firms ________. A) query one another's identity management databases B) send assertions to one another C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

111) A(n) ________ is a statement from Firm A that Firm B should accept as true if Firm B trusts Firm A. A) certification B) assertion C) certificate D) attribute

112) A security assertion may contain ________. A) authenticity information B) attributes, such as spending limits for purchasers C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

113) The main standards used by firms to send security assertions to one another is LDAP.

115) XML makes SAML platform-dependent.

116) ________ is the centralized policy-based management of all information required for access to corporate systems by people, machines, programs, or other resources. A) Directory service B) Meta-directory service C) Identity management D) Meta-identity management

117) Which of the following are benefits of using identity management? A) reduced costs B) centralized auditing of all an employee's access permission across a firm C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

118) ________ allows a user to authenticate him or herself to the identity management server once; thereafter, whenever the user asks for access to another server, no additional logins are required. A) RSO B) SSO C) TSO D) None of the above

119) ________ is possible today. A) Single sign-on B) Reduced sign-on C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

120) A(n) ________ is the set of attributes about a person or resource that must be revealed in a particular context. A) template B) subtemplate C) identity D) None of the above

121) As far as possible, identities should be managed by people closest to the situation.

122) Self-service identity management should be used to change a ________ in the identity database. A) password B) telephone number C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

123) Identity management is really just another form of risk management.

124) The amount of money companies should spend on identity management can be measured through risk analysis.

6) Which of the following is one of the four bases for authentication credentials? A) what you know B) what you have C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

74) A private key/public key pair is usually created by the ________. A) client B) PKI server C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

90) In Kerberos, the ________ is sent from the Kerberos server to the verifier. A) ticket granting ticket B) service ticket C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

102) Microsoft domains can be organized into trees, and trees can be organized into forests.

79) Authorizations are also called ________. A) permissions B) verifications C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

108) ________ servers synchronize directory servers from different vendors. A) Synchronization B) LDAP C) Metadirectory D) Central authentication

18) Placing sensitive equipment in secure areas to minimize potential threats and damage is called siting.

39) A ________ is a small device with a display that has a number that changes frequently. A) one-time-password token B) USB token C) magnetic stripe card D) None of the above

96) Directory servers can hold information about ________. A) people B) computers C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

85) Which of the following statements is true about log files? A) Log files should be read regularly. B) External auditing should be conducted periodically. C) Automatic alerts should be established. D) All of the above

32) Passwords should be changed frequently.

44) During enrollment, the scanner sends ________ to the authentication system. A) scan data B) key features C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B