Question 1

Although the history of Greece before the rise of the polis is largely undocumented and therefore difficult to study thoroughly, it seems clear that the:

Accepted Answer

Early Greeks were living in a period of cultural isolation and economic stasis.

Question 2

The relationship of the Archaic Greeks to their gods was:

Accepted Answer

One of suspicion and appeasement.

Question 3

The Greeks referred to some people with whom they came into contact as barbarians because they:

Accepted Answer

Did not speak Greek.

Question 4

Those Greeks who were able to accumulate wealth during the chaotic, isolated period:

Accepted Answer

Eventually emerged as the Greek aristocracy.

Question 5

The Iliad and The Odyssey:

Accepted Answer

Provide evidence about early and Archaic Greece.

Question 6

The best men or aristoi of early Greece modeled their behavior on:

Accepted Answer

The heroes of The Iliad and The Odyssey.

Question 7

Hubris is ______, which was punished by the gods.

Accepted Answer

Excessive pride

Question 8

The growing class of aristocrats at the end of the early age of Greece made their wealth by:

Accepted Answer

Engaging in trade and commercial enterprises.

Question 9

Members of the Greek aristocracy created networks of economic, political, and social influence through the practice of:

Accepted Answer

Guest friendship.

Question 10

The Greeks became literate again during the ninth century B.C.E. by adopting:

Accepted Answer

The Phoenician alphabet.

Question 11

The Greek polis was:

Accepted Answer

A collective group organized around an agora (central marketplace).

Question 12

The ancient Greek synoikismos or synoecism meant:

Accepted Answer

The gradual coming together of a people into a unified political and geographic entity.

Question 13

By the sixth century B.C.E., the Greeks founded numerous colonies around the Mediterranean basin. The most historically significant colonies were located in:

Accepted Answer

Anatolia and Italy.

Question 14

The Archaic Age of Greece begins with the emergence of the polis and the return of writing, but most of what we know of the period comes from the particular perspective of the:

Accepted Answer

Athenians.

Question 15

Panhellenic festivals in ancient Greece included:

Accepted Answer

Athletic contests honoring the gods.

Question 16

After hoplites were introduced in Greece:

Accepted Answer

Aristocrats lost their monopoly on military prowess.

Question 17

Since every polis needed hoplites:

Accepted Answer

Poleis were forced to grant more political power to them.

Question 18

In the symposiums of Archaic Age Greece, aristocrats:

Accepted Answer

Enjoyed wine and listened to poetry.

Question 19

Homosocial relationships between men of the aristocratic class in Ancient Greece were part of:

Accepted Answer

A mentoring process for young men.

Question 20

A Greek aristocrat who seized power and ruled outside the traditional constitutional framework was called a:

Accepted Answer

Tyrant.

Question 21

Lyric poetry from Archaic Greece:

Accepted Answer

Deals with themes such as beauty, love, and ambition.

Question 22

A tyrant was often able to seize power because:

Accepted Answer

The hoplites supported him militarily.

Question 23

Democracy originated in Greece from the idea of the demos, which literally means:

Accepted Answer

Neighborhood.

Question 24

Lyrical poetry like that written by Sappho demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

That individual feelings could differ greatly from the dominant Greek culture.

Question 25

The origins of Greek democracy can be identified, in part, in the rule of the Athenian aristocrat:

Accepted Answer

Solon.

Question 26

Cleisthenes is important in the history of Athenian government because he:

Accepted Answer

Championed the cause of the demos and took steps to limit the power of aristocrats.

Question 27

Sparta:

Accepted Answer

Depended on the enslaved labor of helots.

Question 28

Which sentence best describes the structure of the Spartan government circa 600 B.C.E.?

Accepted Answer

Sparta was ruled by a citizen assembly, a council of elders, and two kings.

Question 29

The Ionian revolution in thought, epitomized by Xenophanes and other philosophers from Miletus, can best be describes as:

Accepted Answer

Relativism.

Question 30

The Greek historian Herodotus believed:

Accepted Answer

Both the Greeks and the Persians were great peoples.

Question 31

Darius believed that a preemptive strike against Athens and Eretria was necessary because:

Accepted Answer

Greek poleis in Asia Minor could always revolt against Persia when they could look for support in this endeavor from Athens, Eretria, and other Greek poleis.

Question 32

The catalyst of the Persian Wars was:

Accepted Answer

A revolt instigated by the Ionian Greeks against the Persians.

Question 33

In preparation for war with Persia, Athens financed the:

Accepted Answer

Creation of a naval fleet.

Question 34

The decisive Greek military victory over the Persians at Salamis was won by the:

Accepted Answer

Athenian fleet.

Question 35

During the Persian invasion of Greece in 480 B.C.E., Themistocles persuaded his fellow Athenians to:

Accepted Answer

Abandon the city of Athens and let the Persians burn it.

Question 36

The Delian League became a policy tool of which Greek polis?

Accepted Answer

Athens

Question 37

The Athenian strategos (general) Pericles expanded democracy in Athens by:

Accepted Answer

Giving every Athenian citizen the right to propose legislation.

Question 38

The Dionysia celebrated:

Accepted Answer

Athenian democracy and the greatness of the polis.

Question 39

The role of the chorus in Greek drama was to:

Accepted Answer

Present common Athenian opinion about the themes or action of the play.

Question 40

Greek sculpture evolved from the rather stiff likenesses resembling Egyptian statuary to a style labeled as:

Accepted Answer

Naturalism.

Question 41

The growth of Athenian democracy, with its emphasis on equality between citizens, led to:

Accepted Answer

Greater inequality between men and women.

Question 42

According to the historian Thucydides, the Peloponnesian War began:

Accepted Answer

Because of the growing power of Athens, and the fear and envy this power inspired in Sparta.

Question 43

Why was the Peloponnesian War deadlocked for an extended period of time?

Accepted Answer

Athens could not defeat Sparta on land, and Sparta could not defeat Athens at sea.

Question 44

What form of government did Sparta impose on the defeated Athenians and their allies?

Accepted Answer

Oligarchy.

Question 45

The Sophist claim that man is the measure of all things means that:

Accepted Answer

Goodness, truth, and justice are not absolutes, but vary according to the needs and interests of human beings.

Question 46

Due to the Persian Wars, the center of Greek philosophical speculation shifted from Ionia to:

Accepted Answer

The Greek far west.

Question 47

According to the philosophical tradition founded by Pythagoras, the ultimate essence of the universe was:

Accepted Answer

Mathematical.

Question 48

Socrates' aim was to show that:

Accepted Answer

Truth is real and absolute standards of goodness and virtue do exist.

Question 49

Socrates' most important pupil was:

Accepted Answer

Plato.

Question 50

Socrates agreed to meet his death calmly because he:

Accepted Answer

Believed in the importance of following laws.

Question 51

T/F: The Phoenicians introduced the Greeks to seafaring as a means of trade.

Accepted Answer

True.

Question 52

T/F: The vast majority of Athenian citizens were of the merchant/artisan class.

Accepted Answer

False.(The merchant/artisan class was the upper-class, the best men [aristoi] - not the vast majority.)

Question 53

T/F: Hellenism led to political cooperation between the poleis.

Accepted Answer

False.(Hellenism did not lead to cooperation between the poleis; however, it did encourage the establishment of Panhellenic festivals, such as the Olympic games, and holy sites.)

Question 54

T/F: The Olympic Games did little to stop the rivalry between the poleis.

Accepted Answer

True.

Question 55

T/F: Greek symposiums excluded all women.

Accepted Answer

False.

Question 56

T/F: Tyrannies were long-lasting forms of government in which familial dynasties took root.

Accepted Answer

False.(Tyrannies rarely lasted more than two generations because tyrants would appease the hoplites' desire by giving them more political power.)

Question 57

T/F: Archaic Athens was the leading commercial city of Greece.

Accepted Answer

False.(Corinth, not Athens, was the leading commercial city.)

Question 58

T/F: Aristocrats of Archaic Athens believed commerce to be a disreputable career.

Accepted Answer

True.

Question 59

T/F: Solon was an aristocrat who had made his name and fortune as a hoplite soldier and thus had the respect of every faction in Athenian society.

Accepted Answer

False.(Solon made his name and fortune as a merchant, not as a hoplite soldier.)

Question 60

T/F: Spartan soldiers were forbidden to engage in trade.

Accepted Answer

True.

Question 61

T/F: The Corinthian League was the first political and religious confederation of independent poleis pledged to support each other in times of need.

Accepted Answer

False.(This describes the Ionian League, not the Corinthian League.)

Question 62

T/F: The Spartans failed to come to the aid of the Athenians during the battle of Marathon because they were occupied in putting down a helot rebellion.

Accepted Answer

False.(The Spartans were celebrating a religious festival; they weren't putting down a helot rebellion.)

Question 63

T/F: All Greek poleis except Athens and Sparta immediately surrendered to Xerxes' invasion forces.

Accepted Answer

False.(Athens, Sparta, Corinth, and some thirty others refused to surrender.)

Question 64

T/F: One purpose of tragedy was to help the audience purge their emotions.

Accepted Answer

True.

Western Civilization To 1648 (HIST-1500) Ch. 3

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