ScienceChemistrySOL Review Set
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SOL Review Set

Bowen Walker avatar Bowen Walker
25 July 2022
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38 test answers

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question
A student measures the mass of a 1.00 g aluminum rod as 0.99 g. The best estimate of the percent error with this measurement is a. 0.01% b. 0.1% c. 1% d. 10%
answer
You need the percent error formula. (1%)
question
The most efficient way to determine whether a reaction is an exothermic chemical reaction is to use what piece of equipment? a. an oxygen probe b. a temperature probe c. a pressure probe d. a pH probe
answer
exothermic - heat is released So a thermometer or thermometer probe
question
2Al(C2H3O2)3 + 3BaSO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Ba(C2H3O2)2 a. neutralization b. double replacement c. oxidation-reduction d. Synthesis
answer
What are the five types of reactions? Double replacement - always start with two compounds and end with two new compounds
question
What is the oxidation number of an oxide ion?
answer
First what is oxide, second look at your periodic table, third -2.
question
What is the molarity of a solution with 0.2 moles of potassium permanganate dissolved in enough water to make a 500.0 mL solution? a. 0.0004M b. 0.1 M c. 0.4M d. 100M
answer
What is the molarity formula? What units do you need to have? (0.4M)
question
When 92.0g of ethanol (C2H5OH) are vaporized at its boiling point of 78.3C, it requires 78.6 kJ of energy. What is the approximate molar heat of vaporization of ethanol in kJ/mol? a. 0.854 b. 1.17 c. 39.3 d. 78.3
answer
The unit gives this away! You need kJ/mol. Take your kJ and divided by the number of moles. Be careful do you have moles?? (39.3 kJ/mol)
question
What is the density of an aqueous solution that has a mass of 10.081 g and 12.5 mL?
answer
What is the density equation? Are your units ok? Did you consider sig figs? (.806 g/mL)
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Which element has 16 neutrons, 15 protons and 15 electrons? a. Sulfur b. Phosphorus c. Gallium d. Zinc
answer
What subatomic particle tells us what elements this is? protons so this is Phosphorus
question
Al + 3AgNO3 --> Al(NO3)3 + 3Ag a. single replacement b. double replacement c. Decomposition d. Synthesis
answer
Single - always starts with an element and a compound and ends with a new element and compound
question
In the formula for barium chloride, (BaCl2), barium is written first because it is -- a. single atom b. a larger atom c. the positive ion d. the negative ion
answer
First - Go to your periodic table and find barium Second - What type of element is it? What is its charge? *c. the positive ion*
question
Which of these laboratory techniques is best to separate a solid from a liquid to recover the liquid? a. titration b. chromatography c. filtering d. vaporization
answer
a solid from a liquid, noodles from the boiling water filtering
question
Which of these is NOT required to ensure that stock solutions are free of contamination? a. store all solutions in brown bottles b. do not place dropping pipettes in stock solution bottles c. never return excess chemicals to stock bottles d. Replace tops on reagent bottles after use
answer
You don't want to introduce anything foreign into the stock bottle - So its not necessary to store solutions in brown bottles
question
Which of these values is most responsible for changing the boiling and freezing points of a solvent? a. molar mass of the solvent b. electronegativity of the solvent c. weight of the solute particle d. number of the solute particles
answer
Colligative properties - simple adding a solute changes the properties of the solvent, This is why we add salt to the roads in winter time so the water won't freeze d. number of the solute particles
question
What is the name of the compound with the formula NH4NO3? a. ammonium nitrate b. nitrogen nitrate c. nitrogen hydrogen oxide d. ammonium nitrogen trioxide
answer
This has a lot of elements, this is more than just two elements. Think polyatomic ions. ammonium nitrate
question
Calculate the number of moles of Li3PO4 in 2.2L of a 0.60M Li3PO4 solution. What does the capital M mean?
answer
You have to rearrange the formula to LxM = mol Don't forget sig figs 1.3 mol
question
N2 + 3F2 <----> 2NF3 Equilibrium has been reached for the reaction shown. Which conclusion is correct? a. the N2 and F2 together will form at a faster rate than the NF3 b. the partial pressures of N2, F2 and NF3 will stay constant c. the NF3 will form at a faster rate than the N2 and F2 together d. the partial pressure of NF3 will keep changing
answer
Equilibrium = constant, this is the key term only one is constant b. the partial pressure of N2, F2
question
If 89.6 joules of heat are needed to heat 20.0 grams of iron from 30.0C to 40.0C, what is the specific heat of the iron in J/g C? a. 0.448 b. 2.23 c. 8.96 d. 896
answer
The units guide us once again!!! Take the Joules and divide by both grams and change in temperature. .448 J/g C
question
Which element will most likely form covalent bonds with fluorine? a. carbon b. potassium c. neon d. tin
answer
What is covalent? What elements does it include? (only nonmetals) carbon
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The physical process of evaporation involves- a. ion formation b. electron sharing c. transferring valence electrons d. overcoming intermolecular forces
answer
What is happen in evaporation? A liquid is changing to a gas, the compound is unchanged, so nothing can happen with electrons, that eliminates the first three d. overcoming intermolecular forces
question
__C2H4 + __O2 --> ___CO2 + ___H2O How many moles of O2 are in the chemical equation when balanced using the lowest whole numbers? a. 5 b. 4 c. 3 d. 2
answer
make both sides have the same number of each type of atom C. 3
question
While English physicist JJ Thomson was carrying out experiments on cathode rays, he was able to determine that the rays consisted of particles he called "corpuscles." These particles were later named - a. protons b. electrons c. gamma rays d. neutrons
answer
This question has a lot of junk!! JJ Thomson = electrons b. electrons
question
According to the periodic table of the elements, which elements belong to the same period? Aluminum, germanium, antimony, arsenic, gallium
answer
Same period, periods are the horizontal rows gallium, germanium and arsenic
question
How many moles are in 2.04 E24 molecules of H2O? a. .295 mol b. 3.39 mol c. 1.13 E24 mol d. 1.44 E48 mol
answer
Think of your mole map!! Avogadro's number 3.39 mol
question
What is the name for the FeCl3 using the IUPAC nomenclature rules? a. iron chloride b. iron (II) chloride c. iron trichloride d. iron (III) chloride
answer
What kind of formula is this? The first element is a metal or a nonmetal. Don't forget to assign charges d. iron (III) chloride
question
An expandable container of oxygen gas has a volume of 125 mL at a temperature of 25.OC. What volume will the gas occupy at 55.0C?
answer
We have volumes and temps only!!! Must be a Charles Law. What unit does temperature need to be in? 138mL
question
Which of these correctly describes how organic catalysts operate in biological reactions? a. they are used up in the reactions b. they lower the overall energy of the reactions c. they lower the activation energy of the reactions d. they keep the temperature of the reactions constant
answer
catalyst is the only word you need in this problem catalyst always lowers the activation energy c.
question
What volume will 35.9 g of hydrogen gas (H2) occupy at STP? a. 399 L b. 798 L c. 804 L d. 1, 620 L
answer
STP!!! STP!!!STP!!! 1 mol = 22.4 L, careful do you have moles??? 399 L
question
__Ca(NO3)2 + __H3PO4 --> __Ca3(PO4)2 + __HNO3 When this equation is balanced, the coefficient in front of H3PO4 is - a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
answer
same number of each type of atom on each side of the arrow b. 2
question
Increasing the volume of a sealed container will cause the gas particles within the container to - a. form a liquid b. collide more frequently c. increase in molecular attraction d. exhibit lower pressure
answer
You need relationships to volume, you can relate pressure, temperature or moles. The only answer the mentions one of there is d. Boyles law, volume and pressure are indirectly related
question
A substance has a molecular formula of C8H10N4O2. The empirical formula is - a. C2H6N2O b. C4H5N2O c. C9H7N3O d. CHNO
answer
Reduce, reduce,reduce all by the same number in this case divide by 2. b. C4H5N2O
question
Create the formula for diboron trioxide.
answer
This is an easy one! Prefixes become subscripts B2O3
question
What is the name for the compound AlI3? a. aluminum (I) iodide b. aluminum triiodide c. aluminum (III) iodide d. aluminum iodide
answer
Is the first element a metal or a nonmetal? metal That gets rid of b. Does it have more than one charge? no That gets rids of a and c. Your answer is d.
question
2C4H10 + 13O2 --> 8CO2 + 10H2O How many moles of carbon dioxide are produced when reacting 6.00 moles of butane in excess oxygen? a. 1.50 mol b. 24.0 mol c. 66.0 mol d. 1,060 mol
answer
Use your units to guide you! Dimensional analysis b. 24.0 mol
question
Using only one trial to collect data in an experiment - a. makes it easier to determine a valid conclusion b. reduces the percent error in the results c. causes the conclusion to be less reliable d. requires data with more significant figures
answer
Accuracy and precision are two terms to associate with lab experiments. Accuracy - are you right or wrong? Precision - how reliable is your data, did you get the same results over multiple trials c. less reliable
question
A common product of acid-base neutralization reactions is - a. hydrogen b. water c. carbon dioxide d. oxygen
answer
Key word here is neutral and there is one substance we typically associate with neutral pH - water. b.
question
An experiment produced 0.10 g CO2 with a volume of 0.056 L at STP. If the accepted density of CO2 at STP is 1.96 g/L, what is the approximate percent error? a. 110% b. 92% c. 71% d. 8.2%
answer
This is a two step problem. First what is the density from the experimental data and then a percent error problem. d. 8.2%
question
If the pH of a solution is 4, what is the pOH?
answer
Quick and easy formula - pH + pOH = 14 pOH = 10
question
A student hypothesizes that bromine (Br) has different chemical properties from krypton (Kr). The periodic table supports this hypothesis by indicating that — a. bromine is a metal while krypton is a nonmetal b. one mole of bromine is heavier than one mole of krypton c. bromine and krypton are members of the same family d. bromine and krypton have different numbers of valence electrons
answer
The question refers to the periodic table, so you must look at it and compare and contrast Br and Kr. Statement a is false b/c Br is a nonmetal. Statement B is false, Br has a heavier molar mass. Statement C is false, they are in different families, Br is a halogen and Kr is a noble gas. Statement D is correct, b/c they are in different families they also have different numbers of valence e-.