a gesture, object, or word that forms the basis of human communication
question
Which of a few concepts of culture?
answer
A comic book, patriotic attachment to the U.S. flag, slag words, etc.
question
People's adaptations to meet the needs for food, shelter, and clothing are examples of what George Murdock referred to as
answer
cultural universals
question
What term do sociologists use to refer to the process by which a cultural item spreads from group to group or society to society?
answer
diffusion
question
The appearance of Starbucks coffeehouses in China is a sign of what aspect of culture?
answer
globalization
question
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
answer
1. Language precedes though
2. Language is not a given
3. Language is culturally determined
4. Language may color how we see the world
question
T/F: People do not follow norms in all situations. In some cases, they evade a norm because they know it is weakly enforced.
answer
True
question
T/F: In some instances, behavior that appears to violate society's norms may actually represent adherence to the norms of a particular group
answer
True
question
T/F: Norms are violated in some instances because one norm conflicts with another.
answer
True
question
Which of the follwoing statements about values is correct?
A. Values never change
B. The values of a culture may change, but most remain relatively stable during any one person's lifetime
C. Values are constantly changing; sociologists view them as being very unstable
D. all of the above
answer
B
question
Which of the following terms describes the set of cultural beliefs and practices that help to maintain powerful social, economic, and political interests?
A. mores
B. dominant ideology
C. consensus
D. values
answer
B. dominant ideology
question
Terrorist groups are an example of
answer
countercultures
question
What is the term used when one places a priority on understanding other cultures, rather than dismissing them as strange or exotic?
answer
cultural relativism
question
What are gestures, objects, and/or words that form the basis of human communication?
answer
Symbols
question
What is the process of introducing a new idea or object to culture?
answer
Innovation
question
Bow and arrow, automobile, and television are examples of
answer
inventions
question
Sociologists associated with which perspective emphasize that language and symbols offer a powerful way for a subculture to maintain its identity
answer
interactionist
question
"Put on some clean clothes" and "Thou shalt not kill" are both examples of what
answer
norms
question
The U.S. has strong what against murder, treason, and other forms of abuse that have been institutionalized into formal norms?
answer
Mores
question
From which perspective does dominant ideology have major social significance? Not only do a society's most powerful groups and institutions control wealth and property, more important, they control the means of production
answer
conflict
question
Countercultures are typically among what age group and why?
answer
The young, because they have the least investment in the existing culture.
question
What is it when a person experiences disorientation, uncertainty, and feels out of places when immersed in an unfamiliar culture?
answer
Culture shock
question
From what perspective are subcultures evident that differences can exist within a common culture?
answer
Functionalist
question
Argot
answer
specialized language used by members of a group of subculture
question
Bilingualism
answer
the use of 2 languages in a particular setting, such as the workplace or schoolroom, treating each language as equally legitimate
question
Counterculture
answer
a subculture that deliberately opposed certain aspects of the larger culture
question
Cultural relativism
answer
The viewing of people's behavior from the perspective of their own culture
question
Cultural universal
answer
a common practice or belief found in every culture
question
Culture
answer
the totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects, and behavior
question
Culture industry
answer
The worldwide media industry that standardizes the goods and services demanded by consumers
question
Culture lag
answer
a period of maladjustment when the nonmaterial culture is still struggling to adapt to new material conditions
question
culture shock
answer
the feeling of surprise and disorientation that people experience when they encounter cultural practices that are different from their own
question
culture war
answer
the polarization of society over controversial cultural elements
question
diffusion
answer
the process by which a cultural item spreads from group to group
question
discovery
answer
the process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality
question
dominant ideology
answer
a set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social, economic, and political interests
question
ethnocentrism
answer
the tendency to assume that one's own culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others
question
folkway
answer
a norm governing everyday behavior whose violation raises comparatively little concern
question
formal norm
answer
a norm that been written down and that specifies strict punishments for violators
question
informal norm
answer
a norm that is generally understood but not precisely recorded
question
innovation
answer
the process of introducing a new idea or object to a culture through discovery or invention
question
invention
answer
the combination of existing cultural items into a form that did not exist before
question
language
answer
an abstract system of word meanings and symbols for all aspects of culture; includes gestures and other nonverbal communication
question
law
answer
governmental social control
question
material culture
answer
the physical or technological aspects of our daily lives
question
mores
answer
norms deemed highly necessary to the welfare of a society
question
nonmaterial culture
answer
ways of using material objects, as well as customs, beliefs, philosophies, governments, and patterns of communication
question
norm
answer
an established standard of behavior maintained by a society
question
sanction
answer
a penalty or reward for conduct concerning a social norm
question
sapir-whorf hypothesis
answer
a hypothesis concerning the role of language in shaping our interpretation of reality. it holds that language is culturally determined
question
society
answer
a fairly large number of people who live in the same territory, are relatively independent of people outside their area, and participate in a common culture
question
sociobiology
answer
the systematic study of how biology affects human social behavior
question
subculture
answer
a segment of society that shares a distinctive pattern of customs, rules, and traditions that differs from the pattern of the larger society
question
technology
answer
cultural information about the ways in which the material resources of the environment may be used to satisfy human needs and desires
question
value
answer
a collective conception of what is considered good, desirable, and proper -- or bad, undesirable, and improper -- in a culture
Haven't found what you need?
Search for quizzes and test answers now
Quizzes.studymoose.com uses cookies. By continuing you agree to our cookie policy
