Interpersonal Communication Ch. 1-3

A fear or anxiety pertaining to the communication process

A fear of or anxiety pertaining to communication with people from different cultural backgrounds

The process of message transaction between two people to create and sustain shared meaning

When used to describe interpersonal communication, an ongoing, unending, vibrant activity that always changes

The transaction of verbal and nonverbal messages being sent simultaneously between two people

What communicators create together through the use of verbal and nonverbal messages

Visual, simplified representation of complex relationships in the communication process

A characterization of communication as a one-way process that transmits a message from a sender to a receiver

The source of a message

Spoken, written, or unspoken information sent from a sender to a receiver

The intended target of a message

A pathway through which a message is sent

Anything that interferes with accurate transmission or reception of a message

Any stimuli outside of a sender or a receiver that interfere with the transmission or reception of a message

Biological influences on a sender or a receiver that interfere with the transmission or reception of a message

Biases, prejudices, and feelings that interfere with the accurate trasmission or reception of a message

Occurs when sender and receivers apply different meanings to the same messages; may take the form of jargon, technical language, and other words and phrases that are familiar to the sender but are not understood by the receiver

The environment in which a message is sent

The tangible environment in which communication occurs

The cultural environment in which communication occurs; refers to the rules, roles, norms, and patterns of communication that are unique to a particular culture

The relational and emotional environment in which communication occurs

A type of context in which messages are understood in relationship to previously sent messages

A characterization of communication as a two-way process in which a message is sent from sender to receiver and from receiver to ender

A verbal or nonverbal response to a message

The feedback we give ourselves when we asses our own communication

The feedback we receive from other people

A characterization of communication as the reciprocal sending and receiving of messages; the sender and receiver do not simply send meaning from one to the other and then back again; rather they build shared meaning through simultaneous sending and receiving

The influence of a person's culture, past experiences, personal history, and heredity on the communication process

The prior relationship experiences that two people share

Negotiable rules that indicate what two relational partners expect and allow when they talk to each other

The ways in which the particular relationship of two relational partners stands apart from other relationships they experience

The process of gaining information about ourselves in an effort to tap our full potential, our spontaneity, and our talents, and to cultivate or strengths and eliminate our shortcomings

The fact that our communication with others cannot be "unsaid" or reversed

The study of signs and symbols in relation to their form and content

Arbitrary labels or representations (such as words) for feelings, concepts, objects, or events

A prescribed guide that indicates what behavior is obligated, preferred, or prohibited in certain contexts

The verbal and nonverbal information contained in a message that indicates the topic of the message

The information contained in a message that indicates how the sender wants the receiver to interpret the message

Negative communication exchanges, such as manipulation, deceit, and verbal aggression, between people

Altruistic, supportive, and affirming communication exchanges between people

The perceived rightness or wrongness of an action or behavior, determined at large by society

An ethical system, based on the work of philosopher Kant, advancing the notion that individuals follow moral absolutes; suggests we should act as examples for others

An ethical system, developed by John Stuart Mill, suggesting that what is ethical will bring the greatest good for the greatest number of people; consequences of moral actions, especially maximizing satisfaction and happiness, are important

An ethical system, articulated by Aristotle, proposing that a person's moral virtue stands between two vices, with the mean being the foundation for a rational society

An ethical system, based on the concepts of Carol Gilligan, that is concerned with the connections among people and the moral consequences of decisions

An ethical system, conceptualized by Thomas Nilsen, underscoring the belief that communication is ethical to the extent that it maximizes our ability to exercise free choice; information should be given to others in a non-coercive way so that people can make free and informed decisions

The ability to communicate with knowledge, skills, and thoughtfulness

The acceptance of another person as an equal partner in achieving meaning during communication

The process of using our senses to understand and respond to stimuli

First stage of perception; requires us to use our visual, auditory, tactile, and olfactory senses to respond to stimuli in our interpersonal environment

Having the ability to engage our senses so that we are observant and aware of our surroundings

Directing our attention to certain stimuli while ignoring other stimuli

The second stage of perception process, in which we place confusing pieces of information into an understandable, accessible, and orderly arrangement

A mental framework or memory structure that we rely on to understand experience and to guide our future behavior in relationships

Categorizing individuals according to to a fixed impression, whether positive or negative, of an entire group to which they belong

The third stage in the perception process, in which we assign meaning to what we perceive

The fourth and final stage of the perception process, in which we recall information stored in our memory

Recalling information that agrees with our perceptions and selectively forgetting information that does not

The biological makeup of an individual

The learned behaviors a culture associates with being male or female, aka masculinity or femininity

The process by which women and men learn the gender roles appropriate to their sex; affects the way the sexes perceive the world

A mental framework we use to process and categorize beliefs, ideas, and events as either masculine or feminine in order to understand and organize our world

A relatively stable set of perceptions we hold of ourselves

The theory that our understanding of ourselves and of the world is shaped by our interactions with those around us

Our understanding of who we are

An evaluation of who we perceive ourselves to be

A prediction or expectation about our future behavior that is likely to come true because we believe it and thus act in ways that make it come true

The theory that explains the manner in which you handle your "self" in various circumstances; includes competency, identity, and face

The image of the self we choose to present to others in our interpersonal encounters

Our desire to be liked by significant people in our lives and have them confirm our beliefs, respect our abilities, and value what we value

Our desire that others refrain from imposing their will on us, respect our individuality and our uniqueness, and avoid interfering with our actions or beliefs

Actively thinking about and controlling our public behaviors and actions

The theory that we rely on a set of a few characteristics to draw inferences about others and use these inferences as the basis of our communication with them

Matching like qualities with each other to create an overall perception of someone or something

Occurs when we place positive qualities (eg warm, sensitive, and intelligent) together

Occurs when we group negative qualities (eg unintelligent, rude, and temperamental) together

A theory that explains how we create explanations or attach meaning to another person's behavior or our own

A unique personal fram for viewing life and life's events

A pierce of information that is verifiable by direct observation

A conclusion derived from a fact, but it does not reflect direct observation or experience

People who support and trust us as we improve our self-concept

Communication between and among individuals and groups from different cultural backgrounds

The shared, persona, and learned life experiences of a group of individuals who have a common set of values, norms, and traditions

Occurs when a person (either consciously or unconsciously) learns to identify with a particular culture and a culture's thinking; way of relating and worldview

Occurs when a person learns, adapts to, and adopts the appropriate behaviors and rules of a host culture

The common understandings among people who are committed to coexisting

A culture within a culture

A conflict over cultural expectations and experiences

The concept that all societies, regardless of size, are connected in some way; also describes how communication technology ties the world into one political, economic, social, ad cultural system

A practice in which a nation sends work and workers to a different country because doing so is cost-efficient

A theory that describes the four value dimensions (uncertainty avoidance, power distribution, masculinity-femininity, individualism-collectivism) that offer information regarding the value differences in a particular culture

A cultural mind-set that indicates how tolerant (or intolerant) a culture is of uncertainty and change

How a culture perceives and distributes power

A culture that emphasizes characteristics stereotypically associated with masculinity, such as achievement, competitiveness, strength, and material success

A culture that emphasizes characteristics stereotypically associated with femininity, such as sexual equality, nurturance, quality of life, supportiveness, affection, and compassion for the less fortunate

A cultural mind-set that emphasizes self-concept and personal achievement and that prefers competition oer cooperation, the individual over the group, and the private over the public

A cultural mind-set that emphasizes the group and its norms, values, and beliefs over the self

The theory that meaning is derived from either the setting of the message or the words of a message can that cultures can vary in the extent to which message meaning is made explicit or implicit

A culture in which there is a high degree of similarity among members and in which the meaning of a message is drawn primarily from its context, such as one's surroundings, rather than from words

A culture in which there is a high degree of difference among members and in which the meaning of a message must be explicitly related, usually in words

The process of judging another culture using the standards of one's own culture

A group to which a person feels he or she belongs

A group to which a person feels he or she does not belong

The process whereby individuals, companies, and/or the media impose their way of thinking and behaving upon another culture

The learned ability to accurately understand the experiences of people from diverse cultures and to convey that understanding responsively

The ability to avoid judging or condemning any practice in which any other culture engages

The process of collecting online data from different and multiple sources to suit a particular need, such as populating a search engine or preparing digital slides for a presentation

The integration of various technologies, such as online radio or cell phones with cameras

The use of various technologies to facilitate communication with others

A theory staring that technology is irreversible, inevitable, and inescapable

The concept that communication technology ties the world into one political, economic, social, and cultural system

Extremely offensive language that is directed toward a particular group of people

Exchanging malicious, hostile, or insulting comments over the Internet

A theory proposing that people have qualities they wish to present to others

Communication between a sender and receiver that takes place at the same, as in face-to-face communication

Communication that doesn't require a sender and receiver to have an exchange at the same time, as in online communications

A situation in which we disclose personal information in an email message, only to experience significant anxiety later because we begin to think about the number of people who could have access to that message

An electronic extension that communicates a person's identity, such as a screen name or a personal home page

The highly accelerated development of an online relationship

A graphic image used in an electronic message that may or may not be used to communicate emotion (like (::[ ]::) is a bandaid that can communicate comfort)

Linking individuals and communities who share common interests, activities, and ideas through online websites