Self Test 10 Medical Terminology

2 September 2022
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The 2nd portion (5' long) of small intestine that means to empty is the:
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jejunum
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The organ that produces bile is the:
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liver
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The lining of the structures in the abdominal and pelvic cavities is the:
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peritoneum "that which holds the lower organs"
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The ring of muscles found in opening between stomach and duodenum is the:
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pyloric sphincter "gate keeper: that which binds together"
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The tube that extends from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach and means gullet is the:
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eso/phagus "toward/eater"
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The combining forms os-, or/o-, and stomato- all mean:
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mouth
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The combining form that means "small intestines" is:
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enter/o- "usually refers to small intestine: Colo- big intestine"
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The combining form that means "rectum (straight) and anus (ring)" is:
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proct/o-
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The combining form for small growth is:
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polyp/o- "footed growth"
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The diagnostic term that means inflammation of the stomach, intestines, and colon is:
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gastroenterocolitis
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The diagnostic term that means abnormal condition of having diverticula (out-pouchings) in the colon is:
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diverticul/o/sis
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The diagnostic term gingivitis means:
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inflammation of the gums
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The diagnostic term chole/lith/iasis means:
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condition of gallstones
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The diagnostic term that means prolapse of the rectum is:
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procto/ptosis
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The diagnostic term gastro/enter/itis means:
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inflammation of the stomach and intestinal track
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The diagnostic term for chronic inflammation of the small and/or large intestines, characterized by cobblestone ulcerations along the intestinal wall and the formation of scar tissue, is:
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Crohn's Disease
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The diagnostic term for the abnormal growing together of two surfaces normally separated is:
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adhesion
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The diagnostic term ulcerative colitis means:
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inflammation of the colon with sores
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The diagnostic term for a mental disorder characterized by prolonged refusal to eat is:
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anorexia nervosa
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The diagnostic term for a chronic disease of the liver characterized by the gradual destruction of liver cells is:
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cirrhosis "yellow orange color produced"
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The surgical term that means crushing a stone in the common bile duct is:
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choledocholith/otripsy
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The surgical term cheil/orrhaphy means:
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suture of the lips
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The surgical term that means incision in to the abdominal wall is:
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lapar/otomy
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The surgical term that means suture of the tongue is:
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glossorrhaphy
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The procedural term for X-ray filming of the gallbladder is:
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chole/cysto/graphy
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The procedural term that means visual examination of the rectum is:
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proctoscopy
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The term Endoscopic Gastroscop/e is defined as a(n):
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instrument used for visual examination of the stomach
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The procedural term meaning visual examination within a hollow organ is:
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endoscopy
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The term Proctoscope means:
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instrument used for visual examination of the rectum
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The procedural phrase for a barium enema with X-rays is:
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lower GI Series
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The procedural term for a series of X-ray films taken of the stomach & duodenum after barium has been swallowed is:
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Upper GI Series
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The medical term Brady/pepsia means:
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slow digestion
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The medical term Dysphagia means:
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difficult swallowing or eating
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The medical term a/pepsia means:
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without digestion
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The medical term that means physician who specializes in proctology is:
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proctologist
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The medical term gastro/dynia means:
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pain in the stomach
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The medical term Peritoneal literally means:
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one who holds lower viscera "largest serous membrane in the body"
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The term for abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is:
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ascites
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The medical term that means washing out the stomach is:
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gastric lavage
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The term Di/gest/ion literally means:
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the process of/two/separations
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The physi/ology (science of function or nature) term Peristalsis literally means:
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to contract/around
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The anatomical term Incis/or literally means:
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one who cuts in
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The diagnostic term Stomat/itis means:
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inflammation of the mouth
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The diagnostic term Pyloric Stenosis actually means:
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condition of narrowing the gate keeper
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The anatomical term Gastric Rugae literally means:
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stomach folds
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The diagnostic term Peptic Ulcer literally means:
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digestive : sore
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Hepatitis A, B, and C are caused by a:
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virus
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Hepatitis A is also known as:
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infectious hepatitis
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Hepatitis B is also known as:
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serum hepatitis
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Hepatitis "___" may be dormant in the body for years before the Signs and Symptoms appear.
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"C"
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The diagnostic term Dental Caries literally means:
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refers to tooth cavities
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The word parts dento- and donto- both mean:
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tooth
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The diagnostic term Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease can also refer to:
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heart burn "GERD"
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The diagnostic term Reflux literally means:
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to flow again "usually backward"
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he diagnostic term Tartar refers to dental:
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plaque "hardened carbonates, phosphates, and organic matter"
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The diagnostic term Coloscopy refers to viewing and examining the:
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large intestine
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The diagnostic term Colo/scop/e literally means:
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instrument to view the big or large intestine
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The diagnostic term Colo/scop/y literally means:
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procedure of viewing and examining the large intestine
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The diagnostic term Diverticulosis actually means:
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condition of out pouching in the colons rugae or fold
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The nutritional physiology term Bolus literally means:
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ball or lump
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The nutritional physiology term Chyme literally means:
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juice
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The inflammatory characteristics seen during a Upper GI Examination include:
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rubor, tumor, calor, and dolor "red, swelling, heat, pain"
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The medical abbreviation for the Gastrointestinal System (mouth to anus):
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GI
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The medical term Enema literally means:
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to inject
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The diagnostic term Dys/phag/ia literally means:
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refers to difficult or faulty swallowing
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The diagnostic term Dys/phonia actually means:
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refers to faulty speaking or speech - hoarseness
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The diagnostic term "A/phasia" literally means:
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without speech
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The diagnostic term Bulim/ia literally means ____________.
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refers to/hungry
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The diagnostic term Anorexia Nervosa literally means:
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without appetite: caused by a "nervous" condition
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The diagnostic term Hyper/cholesterol/emia is a blood condition with a cholesterol level above ____ mg per dcl (milligrams per deciliter) in a 20 Y/O.
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200
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The diagnostic term Crohn's Disease is also known as:
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chronic regional ileitis
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The diagnostic term Acute Appendicitis actually means:
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sudden inflammation of the appendage attached to the cecum
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The diagnostic term Dys/entery literally means:
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faulty, difficult, and painful intestines
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The anatomical word part colo- or colono- refers to the big intestine. The word part _______ can refer to the small intestine or both intestines.
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entero-
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The alimentary (to nourish) canal is approximately _____ feet long in adults.
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30
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The diagnostic term Abdominal Hernia refers to:
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a rupture or protrusion through the abdominal wall
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The anatomical term Alimentary literally means:
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nourish
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The diagnostic term Amebic (Amoeba) Dysentery refers to:
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diarrhea and dehydration caused by the Amebic one cell organism
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The physiological (function) importance of the digestive system is to:
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break foods down into small ingredients to nourish the body cells
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The diagnostic term Beri/beri refers to ________________ and is caused by the lack of thiamine (part of B Complex: B-1) in the diet.
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body weakness "weakness/weakness"
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The diagnostic term Pell/agra refers to _________ and is caused by the lack of niacin or niacinamide in the diet.
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skin/rough
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The diagnostic term Scurvy literally means __________ and is the lack of Vitamin C in the diet.
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to scratch
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The diagnostic term Fistula refers to a:
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pipe stem like tube or passageway
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The diagnostic term Atresia refers to:
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closure of an opening - "anus, ear, vagina, eye, urethra, + "
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The diagnostic term Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) refers to:
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painful intestines
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The diagnostic reference of Differential Diagnosis (D.D.) refers to:
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determining the difference between 2 or more similar health problems
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The diagnostic term Hiatal Hernia refers to:
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rupturing or protrusion of the stomach up through the diaphragm
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The anatomical term Sphincter literally means:
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to bind together (tighten)
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The diagnostic term Pyloric Stenosis refers to the narrowing of the lower end of the _____________ and can lead to regular vomiting in infants.
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stomach
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The diagnostic term Volvulus usually refers to _________of the ileum or the colon.
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twisting
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Typhus literally means:
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stupor "near coma or deep sleep"
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A Cysto/scopic Exam refers to 'looking at' the ________:
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urinary bladder inspection
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Cholera is commonly referred to as _______________ . It can lead to dehydration, vomiting, muscle cramps, and death. It is caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae.
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super diarrhea