Psychology Week 11

22 November 2022
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question
Personality is thought to be ________.
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long term, stable and not easily changed
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The long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways are known as ________.
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personality
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________is credited with the first comprehensive theory of personality.
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Freud
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An early purported "science" that tried to correlate personality with measurements of parts of a person's skull was known as ________.
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phrenology
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The id operates on the ________principle.
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pleasure
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The ego defense mechanism in which a person who is confronted with anxiety returns to a more immature behavioral stage is called ________.
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regression
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The Oedipus complex occurs in the________stage of psychosexual development.
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phallic
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A so-called "universal bank" of ideas, images, and concepts that have been passed down through the generations from our ancestors would refer to ________.
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collective unconscious
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A(an) ______________________ complex refers to the feeling that one lacks worth and doesn't measure up to the standards of others or of society.
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inferiority
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What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's second stage of psychosexual development, in which a sense of independence in many tasks develops?
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autonomy vs. shame/doubt
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When Imogene feels anxiety, she clings to her mother and father for affection and reassurance. What coping strategy is Imogene using?
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moving toward people
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Self-regulation is also known as________.
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will power
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Your level of confidence in your own abilities is known as________.
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self-efficacy
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Jane believes that she got a bad grade on her psychology paper because her professor doesn't like her. Jane most likely has an________locus of control.
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external
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Self-concept refers to________.
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all of our thoughts and feelings about ourselves
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The idea that people's ideas about themselves should match their actions is called________.
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congruence
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The way a person reacts to the world, starting when they are very young, including the person's activity level is known as ________.
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temperament
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Brianna is 18 months old. She cries frequently, is hard to soothe, and wakes frequently during the night. According to Thomas and Chess, she would be considered ________.
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a difficult baby
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According to the findings of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, identical twins, whether raised together or apart have________personalities.
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very similar
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Temperament refers to________.
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inborn, genetically based personality differences
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According to the Eysencks' theory, people who score high on neuroticism tend to be ________.
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anxious
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The concept that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs is known as ________.
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selective migration
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The United States is considered a(an) ________culture.
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individualist
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Which personality assessment employs a series of true/false questions?
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Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
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A personality assessment in which a person responds to ambiguous stimuli, revealing unconscious feelings, impulses, and desires ________.
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projective test
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Which of the following is NOT a projective test?
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Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
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______________________ is a state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar.
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congruence
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Which statement summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism?
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Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other.
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In Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory, behavior refers to ______________________ .
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anything an individual does that can be punished or rewarded
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The traits openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism are key components of the ______________________ .
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Five Factor Model
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Which of the following was one of Alfred Adler's main contributions to personality theory?
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suggesting thatour birth order shapes our personality
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The ______________________ refers to the common psychological tendencies that have been passed down from one generation to the next.
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collective unconscious
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The ______________________ approach to the study of personality came about in reaction to the dominance of Western approaches to the study of personality in non-Western settings.
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indigenous
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Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive.Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?
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denial
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In Carl Jung's view, the task of integrating unconscious archetypal aspects of the self is part of ______________________ in the second half of life.
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the self-realization process
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Which of the following is not a way we tend to think of personality? Our personalities ______________________ .
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are mutable
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Immanuel Kant used the terms persistent, steadfast, and calm to describe a ______________________ person.
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phlegmatic
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Cognitive processes refer to all characteristics previously learned: ______________________ .
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beliefs and expectations
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______________________ describes a proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics.
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heritability
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According to Sigmund Freud, an adult who smokes, drinks, overeats, or bites her nails is fixated in the ______________________ stage of her psychosexual development.
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oral