senators from a president's party approving of a judicial nominee from their home state.
question
Most cases reach the Supreme Court through
answer
a writ of certiorari.
question
Activist judges believe that federal judges should
answer
o beyond the words of a constitution or statute to consider the broader societal implications of their decisions.
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In ________ cases, the losers cannot be fined or incarcerated by the state.
answer
civil law
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Under normal rules of oral argument, each lawyer has ________ to present his or her case before the Supreme Court.
answer
30 minutes
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Civil cases involving the citizens of more than one state and in which more than $75,000 is at stake
answer
may be heard in either the federal or the state courts, usually depending on the preference of the plaintiff.
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Which of the following kinds of cases are LEAST likely to be accepted by the Supreme Court?
answer
Cases that address state laws but that do not raise constitutional issues.
question
Normally, ________ judge(s) hear(s) a specific case on a federal circuit court of appeals.
answer
3
question
What is the main function of the chief justice of the Supreme Court?
answer
The chief justice presides over the Court's public sessions and private conferences.
question
There are ________ circuits in the U.S. Court of Appeals.
answer
12
question
Roe v. Wade (1973) was
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based on a strict interpretation of the Constitution. WRONG!
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What is the most frequent and best-known action of Supreme Court justices in their role as circuit justices?
answer
reviewing requests for stays of execution
question
The U.S. Supreme Court has been composed of
answer
nine justices throughout American history. WRONG!
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If a defendant is found not guilty in a criminal case, the government is
answer
not entitled to appeal the verdict.
question
A writ of habeas corpus declares that
answer
the government must show a legal cause for holding someone in detention.
question
Why did many Republicans oppose President Obama's nomination of Sonia Sotomayor to the Supreme Court?
answer
She supported affirmative action
question
There are approximately ________ federal district court judges in the United States.
answer
678
question
The Supreme Court's power to review acts of Congress has not been seriously questioned because
answer
the Court has been reluctant to strike down congressional laws and has overturned only a small number over the last 200 years
question
Each year, the Supreme Court receives about ________ appeals and hears about ________ of them in full court.
answer
9,000; 80
question
In recent years, federal court appointments have
answer
been characterized by intense partisan and ideological efforts to support or defeat the candidate.
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Marbury v. Madison was decided in
answer
1803.
question
Which of the following statements about federal courts is most accurate?
answer
Although the federal courts hear only a small fraction of all of the civil and criminal cases decided each year in the United States, their decisions are extremely important because they interpret the Constitution and the federal laws that govern all Americans.
question
Which of the following best describes the role of the solicitor general?
answer
The solicitor general is the lawyer who represents the United States before the Supreme Court in cases where the federal government is a party.
question
When a private individual brings a suit against a company for breaking a contract, this is an example of ________ law.
answer
civil
question
About ________ percent of all cases in the United States are heard in state courts.
answer
97
question
The number of cases filed in the Supreme Court
answer
has increased dramatically since 1940.
question
The power of the Supreme Court to review state actions and legislation comes from
answer
Marbury v. Madison. WRONG!
question
The Administrative Procedure Act is important in civil law because it
answer
governs agency rule making.
question
Each Supreme Court justice is assigned ________ law clerks.
answer
4
question
In a typical tort case,
answer
one individual charges that he or she has been injured by another's negligence or malfeasance.
question
________ occurs when a criminal case is resolved through a negotiated agreement before a full trial is completed.
answer
A plea bargain
question
Why has partisan conflict surrounded federal judicial appointments in recent years?
answer
The federal courts play an important role in shaping American law and politics.
question
A person, agency, or interest group not directly a party to a case but with an interest in its outcome may file a(n) ________ brief.
answer
amicus curiae
question
If someone is an advocate of the philosophy of judicial restraint, he or she believes
answer
in looking only at the words of the Constitution in order to understand its meaning.
question
Why is Marbury v. Madison (1803) an important case?
answer
In this case, the justices authorized the Supreme Court to exercise judicial review over laws passed by Congress.
question
In all of American history, the Supreme Court has concluded that fewer than ____ acts of Congress have directly violated the Constitution.
answer
160
question
In what type of law is the government always the plaintiff?
answer
criminal
question
The doctrine of ________ requires courts to follow authoritative prior decisions when ruling on a case.
answer
stare decisis
question
How many justices currently serve on the Supreme Court?
answer
9
question
Through the exercise of ________, the Supreme Court has held actions or laws of the executive and legislative branches unconstitutional.
answer
judicial review
question
There are ________ U.S. district courts.
answer
94
question
What was known as the "court-packing" plan?
answer
the attempt by President Franklin Roosevelt to add sympathetic justices to the Supreme Court in order to get New Deal laws upheld as constitutional
question
Cases in which the U.S. government is a party are
answer
always heard in a federal court.
question
Which Supreme Court nominee was accused of sexual harassment during his confirmation hearing?
answer
Clarence Thomas
question
The first court to hear a case is called a(n) ________ court.
answer
trial
question
Which of the following statements best describes the formal requirements of serving as a federal court judge?
answer
There are no formal requirements to serve as a federal court judge.
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