New Economic Theories

23 August 2022
4.7 (114 reviews)
23 test answers

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers (19)
question
What did Adam Smith believe?
answer
The government's role in the laissez-faire capitalism was to leave the economy alone.
question
What two principles form the basis for capitalism?
answer
Private ownership and free markets.
question
What is laissez-faire capitalism?
answer
The belief that government should interfere as little as possible in business.
question
What are three main ideas behind capitalism as defined by Adam Smith?
answer
Competition, self interest, and laissez-faire
question
How did Adam Smith believe fair prices for goods were determined in a capitalist system?
answer
He thought they were determined through competition between businesses.
question
In a free market, what does supply and demand determine?
answer
It determines the type and number of goods produced.
question
What is capitalism?
answer
An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit.
question
What is socialism?
answer
A political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
question
Karl Marx developed what kind of economic theory?
answer
Communism
question
What is communism?
answer
When government decides and owns everything.
question
What is dictatorship?
answer
One person with complete power over everything is in charge.
question
What does proletariat mean?
answer
workers or working class people.
question
During industrialism, what led to an exploration of new economic theories?
answer
A gap between rich and poor.
question
Why did workers compete for jobs in the model factory started by Robert Owen?
answer
The built schools.
question
What best explains how a mixed economy addresses problems that arise from capitalism?
answer
Government regulation was minimal, but new laws protected workers and their standard of living.
question
What did Karl Marx think the economic ideas behind socialism would lead to?
answer
He thought they would lead to a communist revolution.
question
What best explains why the communist revolution did not happen?
answer
The capitalist government enacted reforms.
question
What problems arose as a result of capitalism with little government oversight?
answer
Businesses eventually exploited the working class. Workers who were injured on the job were not protected. There were vast inequalities between workers and owners. Big companies drove small companies out of business.
question
What moderate reforms did European socialists support?
answer
Assistance for the poor Better working conditions Minimum wage laws
question
Who helped Karl Marx write The Communist Manifesto?
answer
Friedrich Engels
question
What is an economic theory that calls for workers to take control of factories called?
answer
Communism
question
What an economic theory that stresses government management of the production and distribution of goods called?
answer
Socialism
question
Who did Karl Marx want to control government and develop a classless society?
answer
Workers