ScienceBiologyMasteringA&P Ch.19 Test
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MasteringA&P Ch.19 Test

Quintrell Flores avatar Quintrell Flores
24 July 2022
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question
Which of the following is involved in long-term regulation of blood pressure?
answer
renal mechanisms Long-term control of blood pressure is achieved through direct and indirect renal control mechanisms.
question
Large diameter, thick-walled arteries that are close to the heart and act as pressure reservoirs would be __________.
answer
elastic arteries Elastic arteries are thick-walled arteries near the heart. These arteries are the largest in diameter. Elastic arteries act as pressure reservoirs; they expand and contract as blood is ejected from the heart.
question
Continuous capillaries are the most common capillaries in the body.
answer
true
question
Bulk flow at capillaries is driven by osmotic pressure gradients.
answer
false Bulk flow at capillaries is driven by hydrostatic pressure gradients being higher than osmotic pressure gradients at the proximal end of capillary beds.
question
Arteries always carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
answer
false
question
The aorta carries blood __________ the __________ of the heart.
answer
away from; left ventricle
question
Which of the following would experience a decreased blood flow during exercise?
answer
kidneys
question
The most permeable capillaries, which contain fenestrations and large intercellular clefts, are __________.
answer
Sinusoid capillaries are the most permeable type of capillary due to large intercellular clefts among their endothelial cells. These capillaries allow large molecules--even blood cells--to pass into the surrounding tissue. Sinusoid capillaries are found in the liver, bone marrow, spleen, and adrenal medulla.
question
Which of the following is true about veins?
answer
Veins have valves; arteries do not.
question
Which of the following is mismatched?
answer
veins: resistance vessels
question
Toxic substances absorbed by the digestive system put stress on the liver because all of the blood from the digestive organs is drained by the __________.
answer
hepatic portal vein
question
Which of the following is NOT correct regarding the relationship between pressure, flow, and resistance in the cardiovascular system?
answer
Blood flow is inversely proportional to the change in pressure in the blood vessels.
question
Which of the following would NOT move by diffusion across a capillary endothelium to or from the surrounding interstitial fluid and tissues?
answer
proteins
question
Which of the following hormonal effects is mismatched?
answer
Epinephrine decreases peripheral resistance by affecting blood vessel diameter. Epinephrine increases peripheral resistance by causing vasoconstriction.
question
Which of the following statements does NOT correctly describe tissue perfusion in the cardiovascular system?
answer
Myogenic control is an example of extrinsic regulation.
question
Decreased output from the vasomotor center allows arterioles and veins to constrict. True False
answer
fALSE
question
Which of the following would decrease peripheral resistance to blood flow? anemia increasing blood vessel length vasoconstriction atherosclerosis
answer
anemia
question
Blood from the lower limbs drains into the __________ before returning to the heart. superior vena cava abdominal aorta thoracic aorta inferior vena cava
answer
inferior vena cava
question
At what point would we definitely NOT be able to measure the difference between systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure? elastic arteries arterioles muscular arteries capillaries
answer
capillaries By the time blood reaches the capillaries, the pulsatile pressure differences would be unnoticeable.