Mastering Biology Chapter 13.4

The unpaired nucleotides produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred to as _____.

Which of these DNA molecules is the shortest?

In gel electrophoresis DNA molecules migrate from _____ to _____ ends of the gel.

In order to insert a human gene into a plasmid, both must _____

KNOW-What enzyme forms covalent bonds between restriction fragments?

Which of the following is an example of "recombinant DNA technology?"

In recombinant DNA experiments, what is used to cut pieces of DNA and what joins the resulting fragments to form recombinant DNA?

Archaeologists unearthed a human skull with a small dried fragment of the scalp still attached. They extracted a tiny amount of DNA from the scalp tissue. How could they obtain sufficient DNA for an analysis of the ancient human's genes?

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments on the basis of what characteristic?

Which of the following modifications is least likely to alter the rate at which a DNA fragment moves through a gel during electrophoresis?

Assume that you are trying to insert a gene into a plasmid. Someone gives you a preparation of genomic DNA that has been cut with restriction enzyme X. The gene you wish to insert has sites on both ends for cutting by restriction enzyme Y. You have a plasmid with a single site for Y, but not for X. Your strategy should be to

A eukaryotic gene has "sticky ends" produced by the restriction endonuclease EcoRI. The gene is added to a mixture containing EcoRI and a bacterial plasmid that carries two genes conferring resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline. The plasmid has one recognition site for EcoRI located in the tetracycline resistance gene. This mixture is incubated for several hours, exposed to DNA ligase, and then added to bacteria growing in nutrient broth. The bacteria are allowed to grow overnight and are streaked on a plate using a technique that produces isolated colonies that are clones of the original. Samples of these colonies are then grown in four different media: nutrient broth plus ampicillin, nutrient broth plus tetracycline, nutrient broth plus ampicillin and tetracycline, and nutrient broth without antibiotics. Bacteria that contain the plasmid, but not the eukaryotic gene, would grow