Micro 3: Chap 9

1) The following steps are used to make DNA fingerprints. What is the third step? A) Collect DNA. B) Digest with a restriction enzyme. C) Perform electrophoresis. D) Lyse cells. E) Add stain.

2) How many pieces will EcoRI produce from the plasmid shown in Figure 9.1? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5

3) In Figure 9.1, after digestion with the appropriate restriction enzyme, what is the smallest piece containing the ampicillin-resistance (amp) gene? A) 0.17 kilobase pairs B) 0.25 kbp C) 1.08 kbp D) 1.50 kbp E) 3.00 kbp

4) In Figure 9.2, the enzyme in step 1 is A) DNA polymerase. B) DNA ligase. C) RNA polymerase. D) Reverse transcriptase. E) Spliceosome.

5) In Figure 9.2, the enzyme in step 2 is A) DNA polymerase. B) DNA ligase. C) RNA polymerase. D) Reverse transcriptase. E) Spliceosome.

6) The reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerase is A) DNA → mRNA B) mRNA → cDNA C) mRNA → protein D) DNA → DNA E) tRNA → mRNA

7) Which of the following is an advantage of using E. coli to make a human gene product? A) Endotoxin may be in the product. B) It doesn't secrete most proteins. C) Its genes are well known. D) It can't process introns. E) None of the above.

8) Which of the following is NOT an agricultural product made by DNA techniques? A) Frost retardant B) Bacillus thuringiensis insecticide C) Nitrogenase (nitrogen fixation) D) Glyphosate-resistant crops E) Pectinase

9) If you have inserted a gene in the Ti plasmid, the next step in genetic engineering is A) Transformation of E. coli with Ti plasmid. B) Splicing T DNA into a plasmid. C) Transformation of an animal cell. D) Inserting the Ti plasmid into Agrobacterium. E) Inserting the Ti plasmid into a plant cell.

10) Which of the following methods of making rDNA could be described as "hit or miss"? A) Protoplast fusion B) Viral transduction C) Transformation D) Cloning E) Gene gun

11) The figure at the left in Figure 9.3 shows a gene identified by Southern blotting. What will a Southern blot of the same gene look like after PCR? A) a B) b C) c D) d E) e

12) Suicide genes can be controlled by the fimbriae-gene operator. This would result in the death of A) All cells. B) Cells making flagella. C) Cells making fimbriae. D) Cells at 37°C. E) Conjugating cells.

13) Subunit vaccines can be made by genetic modification of yeast cells. A side effect of these vaccines might be A) The disease. B) A yeast infection. C) Due to extraneous material. D) Failure of the vaccine to provide immunity. E) None of the above.

14) E. coli makes insulin because A) It needs to regulate its cell-glucose level. B) It's an ancient gene that now has no function. C) The insulin gene was inserted into it. D) It picked up the insulin gene from another cell. E) No reason; it doesn't make insulin.

15) The value of cDNA in recombinant DNA is that A) It lacks exons. B) It lacks introns. C) It's really RNA. D) It contains introns and exons.

16) Which enzyme does NOT make sticky ends? A) Enzyme Recognition BamHI G↓GATCC CCTAG↑G B) Enzyme Recognition EcoRI G↓AATTC CTTAA↑G C) Enzyme Recognition HaeIII GG↓CC CC↑GG D) Enzyme Recognition HindIII A↓AGCTT TTCGA↑A E) Enzyme Recognition PstI CTGC↓G G↑ACGTC

17) Which enzyme would cut this strand of DNA: GCATGGATCCCAATGC? A) Enzyme Recognition BamHI G↓GATCC CCCTAG↑G B) Enzyme Recognition EcoRI G↓AATTC CTTAA↑G C) Enzyme Recognition HaeIII GG↓CC CC↑GG D) Enzyme Recognition HindIII A↓AGCTT TTCGA↑A E) Enzyme Recognition PstI CTGC↓G G↑ACGTC

18) Pieces of DNA stored in yeast cells are called a A) Library. B) Clone. C) Vector. D) Southern blot. E) PCR.

19) A population of cells carrying a desired plasmid is called a A) Library. B) Clone. C) Vector. D) Southern blot. E) PCR.

20) Self-replicating DNA used to transmit a gene from one organism to another is a A) Library. B) Clone. C) Vector. D) Southern blot. E) PCR.

21) The purpose of the Human Genome Project was to A) Identify all of the human genes. B) Sequence the nucleotides in human DNA. C) Translate human DNA. D) Identify genes of all organisms. E) None of the above.

22) A colleague has used computer modeling to design an improved enzyme. To produce this enzyme, the next step is to A) Look for a bacterium that makes the improved enzyme. B) Mutate bacteria until one makes the improved enzyme. C) Determine the nucleotide sequence for the improved enzyme. D) Synthesize the gene for the improved enzyme. E) Use siRNA to produce the enzyme.

23) You have a small gene that you wish replicated by PCR. After 3 replication cycles, how many double-stranded DNA molecules do you have? A) 2 B) 4 C) 8 D) 16 E) Thousands

24) You have a small gene that you wish replicated by PCR. You add radioactively labeled nucleotides to the PCR thermocycler. After 3 replication cycles, what percentage of the DNA single strands are radioactively labeled? A) 0% B) 12.5% C) 50% D) 87.5% E) 100%

25) In Figure 9.4, the resulting organism (a) is A) Bacillus thuringiensis. B) Pseudomonas fluorescens. C) A tomato plant. D) E. coli. E) a plant × Pseudomonas hybrid.

26) In Figure 9.4, the resulting P. fluorescens has A) A tomato gene. B) An E. coli gene. C) A Bacillus gene. D) A tomato and a Bacillus gene. E) No new gene.

27) In Figure 9.4, the purpose of this experiment is to A) Put a gene into a plant. B) Put an insecticide on plant leaves. C) Put a gene in Bacillus. D) Isolate Pseudomonas from a plant. E) Make a better tomato.

28) In Figure 9.4, the vector is A) A virus. B) A plasmid. C) A library. D) RNA. E) Pseudomonas.

29) In Figure 9.4, the process required in step 5 is A) Transformation. B) Southern blotting. C) PCR. D) Transcription. E) Conjugation.

30) A source of heat-stable DNA polymerase is A) Agrobacterium tumefaciens. B) Thermus aquaticus. C) Saccharomyces cerevisiae. D) Bacillus thuringiensis. E) Pseudomonas.

31) The Pap test for cervical cancer involves microscopic examination of cervical cells for cancerous cells. A new, rapid diagnostic test to detect human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA before cancer develops is done without microscopic exam. The steps involved in this FastHPV test are listed. What is the second step? A) Add an RNA probe for HPV DNA B) Lyse human cells C) Add enzyme-linked antibodies against DNA-RNA D) Add enzyme substrate E) It doesn't matter.

32) Gene silencing blocks an undesirable product by A) Allosteric inhibition of an enzyme. B) End-product repression. C) Making double-stranded RNA. D) Blocking transcription. E) Blocking DNA replication.

33) You want to determine whether a person has a certain mutant gene. The process involves using a primer and Taq. This process is A) Translation. B) Restriction mapping. C) Transformation. D) PCR. E) Site-directed mutagenesis.

34) To see the results of your work in question 33, you need to use A) Northern blotting. B) Southern blotting. C) Western blotting. D) Colony blotting. E) Selection.

35) Assume you have discovered a cell that produces a lipase that works in cold water for a laundry additive. You can increase the efficiency of this enzyme by changing one amino acid. This is done by A) Irradiating the cells. B) Site-directed mutagenesis. C) Enrichment. D) Selective breeding. E) Selection.

36) The use of an antibiotic-resistance gene on a plasmid used in genetic engineering makes A) Replica plating possible. B) Direct selection possible. C) The recombinant cell dangerous. D) The recombinant cell unable to survive. E) All of the above.

37) The following steps must be performed to make a bacterium produce human protein X: 1-Translation; 2-Restriction enzyme; 3-Prokaryotic transcription; 4-DNA ligase; 5-Transformation; 6-Eukaryotic transcription; 7-Reverse transcription. Put the steps in the correct sequence. A) 5, 2, 3, 4, 7, 6, 1 B) 1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 7, 6 C) 6, 7, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1 D) 6, 7, 2, 4, 5, 3, 1 E) 6, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7

38) Large numbers of bacterial cells are NOT found in crown galls because A) The plant kills the bacteria. B) Cell walls protect the plant from bacterial invasion. C) A gene in plant cells is controlling growth. D) Bacteria kill plants. E) The assumption is not true; many bacteria are in the galls.

39) A restriction fragment is A) A gene. B) A segment of DNA. C) A segment of mRNA. D) A segment of tRNA. E) cDNA.

40) A specific gene can be inserted into a cell by all of the following EXCEPT A) Protoplast fusion. B) A gene gun. C) Microinjection. D) Electroporation. E) Agrobacterium.

41) Which of the following processes is NOT involved in making cDNA? A) Reverse transcription B) RNA processing to remove introns C) Transcription D) Translation

42) PCR can be used to identify an unknown bacterium because A) The RNA primer is specific. B) DNA polymerase will replicate DNA. C) DNA can be electrophoresed. D) All cells have DNA. E) All cells have RNA.

43) PCR can be used to amplify DNA in a clinical sample. The following steps are used in PCR. What is the fourth step? A) Collect DNA. B) Incubate at 94°C. C) Incubate at 60°C. D) Incubate at 72°C. E) Add DNA polymerase.

44) Restriction enzymes are A) Bacterial enzymes that splice DNA. B) Bacterial enzymes that destroy phage DNA. C) Animal enzymes that splice RNA. D) Viral enzymes that destroy host DNA.

45) Which of the following processes CANNOT be used to insert foreign DNA into cells? A) Transformation B) Electroporation C) Protoplast fusion D) A gene gun E) All of the above can be used to insert foreign DNA into cells.