ECON HW 4 example #23123

25 January 2023
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Monopolistic competition is characterized by a:
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large number of firms and low entry barriers.
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A monopolistically competitive firm's marginal revenue curve:
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is downsloping and lies below the demand curve
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In short-run equilibrium, the price charged by the monopolistically competitive firm:
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may be either equal to ATC, less than ATC, or more than ATC.
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In long-run equilibrium, the price charged by the monopolistically competitive firm:
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will be equal to ATC.
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The monopolistically competitive seller maximizes profit by producing at the point where:
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marginal revenue equals marginal cost.
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In long-run equilibrium a monopolistically competitive firm will:
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have excess production capacity.
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Monopolistically competitive industries are inefficient because:
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monopolistically competitive industries are overpopulated with firms whose plants are underutilized.
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The economic inefficiencies of monopolistic competition may be offset by the fact that:
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consumers have a number of variations of the product from which to choose.
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Oligopolistic industries are characterized by:
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a few dominant firms and substantial entry barriers.
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Oligopoly is difficult to analyze primarily because:
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the price and output decisions of any one firm depend on the reactions of its rivals.
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Game theory:
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is the analysis of how people (or firms) behave in strategic situations.
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Suppose an oligopolistic producer assumes its rivals will ignore a price increase but match a price cut. In this case the firm perceives its:
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demand curve as kinked, being steeper below the going price than above.
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If an oligopoly is faced with a kinked-demand curve that is relatively elastic above, and relatively inelastic below, the going price, then it will:
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decrease total revenue by either increasing or decreasing price.
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The kinked-demand curve model helps to explain price rigidity because:
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there is a gap in the marginal revenue curve within which changes in marginal cost will not affect output or price.
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Oligopolistic firms engage in collusion to:
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earn greater profits.
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Advertising can enhance economic efficiency when it:
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expands sales such that firms achieve substantial economies of scale. Please review page 234.
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Advertising can impede economic efficiency when it:
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leads to greater monopoly power.
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Pure monopoly means:
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a single firm producing a product for which there are no close substitutes.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of pure monopoly?
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barriers to entry
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A natural monopoly occurs when:
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long-run average costs decline continuously through the range of demand.
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A nondiscriminating pure monopolist's demand curve:
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lies above its marginal revenue curve.
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The marginal revenue curve for a monopolist:
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becomes negative when output increases beyond some particular level.
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Because the monopolist's demand curve is downsloping:
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price must be lowered to sell more output.
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When total revenue is increasing:
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marginal revenue is positive.