Civil War

20 August 2022
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Abolitionist
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A person who worked to end slavery.
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Slavery
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The treatment of people as property. People who are denied freedom in this way are said to be enslaved
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Secede
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separate from Union
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Civil War
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The war that divides America in the 1860s. A war between citizens of the same country.
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Reconstruction
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The period of time after the Civil War in which Southern states were rebuilt and brought back to the Union
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Union
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During the Civil War, the Union came to mean the government and armies of the North
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Compromise
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A way of settling disagreements in which each side gives away a little in its demands (ex. Missouri Compromise, Missouri admitted as slave, Maine as free-kept balance of power in Senate)
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Confederacy
Confederacy
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Another name for the Confederate States of America, made up of the 11 states that seceded from the Union
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Emancipation Proclamation
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A special order by President Lincoln on January 1st, 1863 declaring slaves in Confederate sates to be free
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13th Amendment
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a change to the Constitution (1865) that abolished slavery in US (made it illegal)
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14th Amendment
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a change to the Constitution (1868) granting citizenship to anyone born in the United States and guaranteeing all citizens equal protection of the law
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15th Amendment
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a change to the Constitution (1870) declaring that states cannot deny anyone the right to vote because of race or color, or because the person was a slave
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Kansas-Nebraska Act
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Act passed in 1854 that created Kansas and Nebraska territories and abolished the Missouri Compromise by allowing states to determine whether slavery would be allowed in new territories
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State's rights
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the rights belonging to various states, especially with reference to interpretation of Constitution
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Battle of Gettysburg
Battle of Gettysburg
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July 1st-3rd (1863) Union leaders defeated General Lee. A turning point battle during the Civil War
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Dred Scott
Dred Scott
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former slave who sued for his freedom in the Supreme Court.
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Abe Lincoln
Abe Lincoln
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President during the Civil War
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Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman
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She led 300 slaves to freedom, because of her bravery she is the symbol of the Underground Railroad
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Jefferson Davis
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President of the Confederacy
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Ulysses S. Grant
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General for the Union, later became 18th President
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General Robert E. Lee
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General for the Confederacy
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Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter
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South Carolina, April 12-14, 1861, start of the Civil War
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Bull Run
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Virginia, July 1st, 1861, first major land battle of Civil War
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Antietam
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Maryland, September 16-18, 1862, bloodiest single day in American military history, 23,000 died
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Battle of Gettysburg
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Pennsylvania, July 1-3rd, 1863- Union leaders defeated General Lee. Turning point of Civil War. Followed by famous speech by Lincoln to dedicate cemetery.
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Causes of Civil War
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slavery and state's rights
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Freedman's Bureau
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designed to help former slaves with food, clothing, find jobs, medical care, created schools (established 1865)
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Carpetbagger
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Northerns who came to the south for economic reasons after the Civil War-they took advantage of citizens of the south
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Costly
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The Civil war was the most costly war in American History in terms of total devastation.