Chapter 11

The frequency of dueling in the South was probably caused by: Question 1 options: hot weather that elevated tempers. lack of education of the participants. the absence of police departments. the beauty of southern women. southerners' exalted sense of honor.

All of the following might be used to explain the South's distinctiveness, EXCEPT: Question 2 options: its climate. its preponderance of farming. its biracial population. the high proportion of immigrants that comprised the overall southern population. its determination to preserve slavery.

As southerners moved farther west and south between 1812 and 1860: Question 3 options: cotton production soared. the South became less agricultural. the South became less distinctive. fewer slaves were needed. North-South relations got better.

The South's population: Question 4 options: was more ethnically diverse than any other area in the country. had more immigrants from Germany than any other country after the Revolution. declined significantly after the Revolution. had a high proportion of native-born, both black and white. was racially unified due to the region's ban on all immigration.

By the 1830s, most Baptists and Methodists in the South: Question 5 options: condemned slavery. owned slaves. were wealthy planters. were active in reform movements. defended slavery.

Which of the following was NOT a part of the "masculine" culture of the Old Southwest's frontier? Question 6 options: violence gender equality alcohol use gambling sexual promiscuity

Theories of racial superiority were significant in the South because they: Question 7 options: created a sense of unity that bridged class divisions among most southern whites. were primarily adhered to by the planter elite that owned slaves. played no role in encouraging white support of slavery. were created by slaves to justify their enslavement. fostered slave rebellions among slaves who believed in the inferiority of the planter class.

During the first half of the nineteenth century, cotton became the most profitable form of agriculture, surpassing: Question 8 options: swine. rice. indigo. tobacco. hemp.

Why were slave women valued by slave owners? Question 9 options: They exclusively did the household labor. They had low birthrates due to their oppression. Their ability to reproduce increased the number of slaves owned. They were allowed to marry white men. They were solely responsible for harvesting the fields.

Most slaves in the lower South: Question 10 options: served as household help. supported the institution of slavery. escaped from their masters at one point. were white. labored on large plantations.

Middling farmers in the South: Question 11 options: usually owned slaves. generally supported white supremacy. lived on the verge of starvation. were the lower class of the region. were outnumbered by the planters.

The rules that governed virtually every aspect of slave life were known as: Question 12 options: paternalism. a slave code. civil law. slaveocracy. total control.

Slave religion: Question 13 options: mixed African and Christian elements. caused slaves to accept their condition. required reading of the Bible. was stamped out by white masters. was best observed during racially integrated church services.

Slaves forced to migrate to the Old Southwest were particularly despondent over the: Question 14 options: lack of meaningful work that awaited them. control that women exerted over the region's culture and society. absence of alcohol on the frontier. urban and industrial nature of the region. breakup of family ties that resulted from the migration.

The slave revolt led by Nat Turner: Question 15 options: resulted in his escape to Canada. was one of hundreds in American history. proved the influence of abolitionists in the South. was betrayed before it even got started. killed more than fifty whites before its suppression.

On a plantation, the position responsible for managing the agricultural production in every way was the: Question 16 options: driver. slave. field hand. overseer. master.

The legal prohibition that denied slaves the right to marry: Question 17 options: prevented slaves from forming families. led to a devaluing of love in the slave community. did not stop slaves from choosing partners and forging a family life. reduced the significance of religion in slave life. did not apply to white mistresses who chose to marry a slave.

Which of the following statements was generally true of slave life? Question 18 options: Their lives were very similar from place to place and master to master. Masters saw the wisdom in feeding their slaves well. Field hands were organized into work gangs. Slave mothers saw the overwhelming majority of their children reach adulthood. Punishments were only meted out when warranted by a serious crime.

The development of southern industry: Question 19 options: lagged behind the North. was more significant than agriculture to the southern economy. was the only sector of the southern economy that did not rely on slaves. turned the North into a colonial dependency of the more developed South. was nonexistent before the Civil War.

In an attempt to prevent slave rebellions, southern whites: Question 20 options: met any sign of resistance or rebellion with a brutal response. tried to ensure slave loyalty through kind treatment and monetary compensation. had dark-skinned whites infiltrate and spy on slave communities. offered freedom and passage out of the South to the most troublesome slaves. taught slaves the value of hard work.

By 1860, the significance of Britain to the southern economy was based on the fact that: Question 21 options: Britain provided most of the slaves to the South. Britain was the major consumer of southern tobacco. British consumers sparked the growth of the thriving southern indigo trade. Britain had pledged itself to protect the institution of slavery. Britain was a major importer of southern cotton.

The Old Southwest: Question 22 options: included Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. attracted thousands of settlers in the 1820s and 1830s with its low land prices and suitability for cotton production. attracted nearly twice as many female as male settlers in the early years. soon boasted the nation's highest standards of public education. was a promised land for slaves because of superior work conditions.

All of the following statements about southern free blacks are true, EXCEPT that: Question 23 options: most were very poor. some were slave owners themselves. no women were among them. some owned and operated businesses that served a white clientele. they were still subject to racist legal restrictions not imposed upon whites.

Plantation mistresses: Question 24 options: tended to oppose slavery. very seldom toiled. were usually college-educated. supervised the domestic household. could count on their husbands being faithful.

Most southern men prided themselves on adhering to a moral code based on: Question 25 options: deference to female authority. racial equality. a prickly sense of honor. the disregard of elders. pacifism.

Free blacks in the South: Question 1 options: sometimes owned slaves. were always of mixed race. enjoyed full legal equality. outnumbered slaves. mostly immigrated to Africa.

Life in the Old Southwest was characterized by: Question 2 options: lack of women. pleasant working conditions. prohibition of alcohol. pacifism. opposition to slavery.

The focus on cotton and other cash crops has obscured the degree to which: Question 3 options: the antebellum South fed itself from its own fields. the South became totally dependent on the West for its food. the South relied on Britain for its manufactured goods. the North had to use imported cotton from overseas for its textile manufacturers. most white southerners lived and worked in cities.

Which of the following was NOT a major motivation for whipping a slave? Question 4 options: illustrating absolute physical control showing other slaves the penalty for bad behavior and poor habits as a punishment for a crime for failing to recognize the moral superiority of the overseer and driver for failing to meet labor expectations

By the antebellum period, all of the following remained significant cash crops in the South, EXCEPT: Question 5 options: cotton. sugar. rice. tobacco. indigo.

Which of the following was NOT part of the myth of the Old South's superiority: Question 6 options: The standard of living in northern states had declined since slavery had been banned. Kind planters indulged their happy slaves. Slavery was beneficial to both the master and slave. The South was morally superior to the North. One southerner could defeat ten northerners in combat.

Poor whites were often employed as: Question 7 options: day laborers. blacksmiths and in other skilled labor positions. slave drivers. teachers. indentured servants.

Some free blacks were: Question 8 options: eligible to vote. immigrants from the Caribbean. local political leaders. people of mixed ancestry called mulattoes. considered equal to whites.

Slaves living in southern cities had a much different experience than those on farms because: Question 9 options: they were able to interact with an extended interracial community. they held political power. they almost always received a formal education. there were no women slaves in urban areas. only free blacks could own slaves in the city.

Which of the following was NOT a common way that slaves established their private communities? Question 10 options: openly attempting to organize religious services telling stories about figures like Brer Rabbit, who used his wits to survive against overwhelming odds gathering in secret night meetings where singing and dancing gave them a much-needed emotional release singing religious spirituals that possessed double meanings embracing religion as a way to spiritually free themselves from their captivity

A typical form of resistance pursued by slaves entailed: Question 11 options: outright rebellion. running away. suicide. malingering, feigning illness, and sabotage. arson.

By 1860, slavery was most concentrated: Question 12 options: in the Lower South. in the Carolinas. in the Upper South. in Texas and Louisiana. equally through the South.

Approximately how many slaves lived in the South in 1860? Question 13 options: 30,000 100,000 1 million 4 million 10 million

The most numerous white southerners were the: Question 14 options: planters. yeoman farmers. "poor whites." manufacturers. overseers.

In the antebellum period, which of the following was in the Old Southwest? Question 15 options: Virginia North Carolina Mississippi Georgia South Carolina

The rapid expansion of the cotton belt in the South: Question 16 options: reduced the significance of slavery. spurred a rise in the number of enslaved blacks given their freedom. ensured that the region became more dependent on enslaved black workers. increased the responsibilities of fieldwork for the plantation mistress. eliminated the presence of all other staple crops throughout the region.

The movie Gone with the Wind: Question 17 options: realistically portrays slavery. mirrors the portrayal of the South in Uncle Tom's Cabin. presents a mythic view of the Old South. has little remaining influence in our culture. offended white southerners at the time of its release.

Slave owners in the antebellum South acquired additional slaves from: Question 18 options: Africa. Brazil. the domestic slave trade. the West Indies. Asia.

Approximately how many slaves joined Christian denominations by 1860? Question 19 options: none 100 percent more than half 20 percent less than 1 percent

The plantation mistress: Question 20 options: usually led a life of idle leisure. often criticized the prevailing social order and racist climate. generally confronted a double standard in terms of moral and sexual behavior. was sometimes known as the slave driver. represented the typical southern white woman.

To be called a "planter," one had to: Question 21 options: own at least twenty slaves. work alongside slaves. be engaged in the slave trade. own thousands of slaves. avoid involvement in politics.

Organized resistance to slavery by slaves was risky because: Question 22 options: most slaves supported slavery. southern whites possessed overwhelming authority and firepower. slaves were pacifists. slaves did not possess an alternative vision of what should replace slavery. slaves believed that disorganized resistance was far more effective.

In an attempt to prevent slave rebellions, southern whites: Question 23 options: met any sign of resistance or rebellion with a brutal response. tried to ensure slave loyalty through kind treatment and monetary compensation. had dark-skinned whites infiltrate and spy on slave communities. offered freedom and passage out of the South to the most troublesome slaves. taught slaves the value of hard work.

The rules that governed virtually every aspect of slave life were known as: Question 24 options: paternalism. a slave code. civil law. slaveocracy. total control.

Slave religion: Question 25 options: mixed African and Christian elements. caused slaves to accept their condition. required reading of the Bible. was stamped out by white masters. was best observed during racially integrated church services.