Chapter 19 APUSH

Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin

A book about a slave who is treated badly, in 1852. The book persuaded more people, particularly Northerners, to become anti-slavery.

A book written by Hinton Helper. Helper hated both slavery and blacks and used this book to try to prove that non-slave owning whites were the ones who suffered the most from slavery. The non-aristocrat from N.C. had to go to the North to find a publisher that would publish his book.

Wrote The Impending Crisis, a book about slavery. He said the non-slave holding whites were the ones who suffered the most from slavery. He was captured and killed by Southerners

One of the worst possible workings of popular sovereignty; most of the newcomers were pioneers, but some were northern abolitionists or free soilers

Antislavery organization in the North that sent out thousands of pioneers to the Kansas-Nebraska territory to thwart the Southerners and abolitionize the West.

2 slaves out of 107,000 people in Kansas and 15 in Nebraska

When the day came in 1855 to elect members of the first territorial legislature of Kansas, proslavery "border ruffians" poured in from Missouri to vote early and often. The slavery supports triumphed then set up their own puppet government here

1855 - Where the pro-slavery /anti-slavery war in Kansas began ("Bleeding Kansas or Kansas Border War).

abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1858)

John Brown rode with 4 sons & 2 others to Pottawatomie Creek; dragged 5 proslavery settlers from beds and murdered them, brought retaliation from the pro-slaveryites

supported the existence of slavery in the proposed state and protected rights of slaveholders. It was rejected by Kansas, making Kansas an eventual free state.

The 15th President of the United States (1857-1861). He tried to maintain a balance between proslavery and antislavery factions, but his moderate views angered radicals in both North and South, and he was unable to forestall the secession of South Carolina on December 20, 1860.

Supported popular sovereignty, Kansas Nebraska act, and ran against Abraham Lincoln in elections

gave a speech in may 1856 called " the Crime Against Kansas" militant opponent of slavery, beat with a cane by Preston Brooks after the speech, collapsed unconscious and couldn't return to senate for 4 years, symbol throughout the north.

representative of South Carolina who avenged the honor of his uncle by beating Sumner senseless with a cane

Democrats nominated Buchanan, Republicans nominated Fremont, and Know-Nothings chose Fillmore. Buchanan won due to his support of popular sovereignty

an American military officer, explorer, the first candidate of the Republican Party for the office of President of the United States, and the first presidential candidate of a major party to run on a platform in opposition to slavery.

Political organization that was created after the election of 1852 by the Know-Nothings, was organized to oppose the great wave of immigrants who entered the United States after 1846

American slave who sued his master for keeping him enslaved in a territory where slavery was banned under the Missouri Compromise

right to grand jury, indictment, no double jeopardy, freedom from self-incrimination, due process of law

As chief justice, he wrote the important decision in the Dred Scott case, upholding police power of states and asserting the principle of social responsibility of private property. He was Southern and upheld the fugitive slave laws.

Economic downturn caused by overspeculation of western lands, railroads, Crimean War, gold in California, grain. Mostly affected northerners, who called for higher tariffs and free homesteads

Congress would make public lands available at 25 cents an acre, but Buchanan vetoed it

The Tariff of 1857 was a major tax reduction in the United States, creating a mid-century lowpoint for tariffs. It amended the Walker Tariff of 1846 by lowering rates to around 17% on average. The Tariff of 1857's cuts lasted only three years, though. In 1861 the country changed course under the heavily protectionist Morrill Tariff of 1861.

protection for the unprotected and farms for the homeless

Senator Douglas's term was about to expire, and Republicans decided to run Abraham Lincoln against him.

During the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Douglas said in his Freeport Doctrine that Congress couldn't force a territory to become a slave state against its will.

John Brown's scheme to invade the South with armed slaves, backed by sponsoring, northern abolitionists; seized the federal arsenal; Brown and remnants were caught by Robert E. Lee and the US Marines; Brown was hanged

Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force

Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery. As a result, the South no longer felt like it has a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union.

The South's pro-slavery Democratic candidate in the election of 1860. Completed the split of the Democratic Party by being nominated.

In 1860 former Whigs who joined the Know-Nothings, who opposed Lincoln and Douglas, started a new party and nominated John Bell who was opposed to the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Lecompton constitution.

Presidential candidate of the Constitutional Union Party. He drew votes away from the Democrats, helping Lincoln win.

a republic formed in February of 1861 and composed of the eleven Southern states that seceded from the United States

an American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865

Kentucky Senator who proposed amending the Constitution to appease the Confederate states, giving slavery federal protection in the south and guaranteeing slaveowners full rights in southern territories, regardless of popular sovereignty.

These amendments to the Constitution were designed to appease the south by prohibiting slavery north of 36, 30' but allowed protection south of this line. It also allowed future states to enter with or without slavery regardless of their position north or south.