Ch 8

1 September 2022
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question
29. Which of the following is NOT true of the presidential election of 1800? a. John Adams's acceptance of defeat established the precedent of the peaceful transfer of power in the United States. b. The importance of slavery and the three-fifths compromise was demonstrated: without slaves counted as part of the South's population, Thomas Jefferson would have lost. c. The election demonstrated the importance of mobilizing large numbers of voters with more modern campaign techniques, which the Republicans effectively employed. d. The controversy surrounding who would be president led to the passage of the Twelfth Amendment, which changed the operation of the electoral college. e. Thomas Jefferson's victory in the New England states proved to be key to his election.
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e. Thomas Jefferson's victory in the New England states proved to be key to his election.
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30. Who wrote a petition to Congress as the president of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, calling for the end of slavery? a. Mathew Lyon b. Patrick Henry c. Sarah Morton d. Mary Wollstonecraft e. Benjamin Franklin
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e. Benjamin Franklin
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31. Which of the following is true of the American response to Toussaint L'Ouverture's slave uprising, which led to the establishment of Haiti as an independent nation in 1804? a. John Adams opposed it because it was a threat to the established order. b. Thomas Jefferson welcomed Haitian independence as another example of what he had advocated in the Declaration of Independence. c. Most white Americans were glad to see France, which had turned politically radical, suffer the loss of Haiti. d. Most enslaved Americans opposed L'Ouverture's success because they believed it might inspire a white crackdown on their behavior. e. Many white Americans considered L'Ouverture's uprising to be evidence of blacks' unfitness for republican freedom.
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e. Many white Americans considered L'Ouverture's uprising to be evidence of blacks' unfitness for republican freedom.
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32. Gabriel's Rebellion: a. was doomed to fail because the African-American population of Richmond was so small. b. demonstrated that the slaves were as aware of the idea of liberty as anyone else. c. inspired Virginia to adopt a gradual emancipation law in 1803. d. failed partly because its leaders were plantation slaves, who had less contact with the outside world and were unaware of how little support they enjoyed. e. prompted several states to pass laws requiring slaves to be educated about the Constitution and the importance of obeying the law
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b. demonstrated that the slaves were as aware of the idea of liberty as anyone else.
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33. After becoming president, how did Thomas Jefferson deal with the Federalists? a. He followed through on his inauguration speech's statement ("We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists") and treated them as equals. b. He courted their support because he knew that he could never win approval for his policies without them. c. He tried to roll back almost everything they had done by cutting taxes and the size of government. d. Until just before leaving office, he used the Sedition Act to shut down Federalist newspapers critical of his administration. e. He led a successful effort to impeach and remove from office all Federalist judges, whom he then replaced with Republicans
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c. He tried to roll back almost everything they had done by cutting taxes and the size of government.
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34. What was the significance of the case of Marbury v. Madison? a. It was John Marshall's first case as chief justice. b. The Supreme Court asserted the power of judicial review. c. The Supreme Court declared that presidential power was greater than congressional power. d. The decision gave states important new powers to block a too-powerful federal government. e. Marbury's win meant that he became the new chief justice, a post he held for twenty-one years
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b. The Supreme Court asserted the power of judicial review.
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35. In its decision in the case of Fletcher v. Peck, the U.S. Supreme Court: a. exercised the authority to overturn a state law that the Court considered in violation of the U.S. Constitution. b. declared that corruption involved in the making of a law automatically invalidated that law. c. held that slaves who ran away from their masters had to be returned to them, even if the slaves had gone to a free state. d. asserted that political parties were constitutional even though they were not mentioned in the 1787 document. e. said that the purchase of land from a foreign power, as in the case of Louisiana, was constitutional.
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e. said that the purchase of land from a foreign power, as in the case of Louisiana, was constitutional.
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36. The land involved in the Louisiana Purchase: a. had been claimed by France from the 1600s until the United States acquired it. b. included all of what is now Texas and the American Southwest. c. was considered by Jefferson to be practically worthless, yet he did not want it to fall into British hands. d. stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada and from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains. e. consisted only of what is today the state of Louisiana and the southern half of Arkansas
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d. stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada and from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains.
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37. Which of the following is true of the Louisiana Purchase? a. The slave rebellion in Haiti almost persuaded Napoleon to keep Louisiana as a base from which to attack the island if necessary. b. France had guaranteed the United States commercial access to New Orleans, but Jefferson feared that a British victory over France would deprive the United States of that access. c. Jefferson believed that the Constitution explicitly and fully authorized this land deal. d. Jefferson expected the land acquisition to make possible the spread of agrarian republicanism. e. Ironically, a majority of Republican congressmen opposed the Purchase, so Federalist votes ultimately made its approval possible.
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d. Jefferson expected the land acquisition to make possible the spread of agrarian republicanism.
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38. Which of the following is NOT true about the expedition of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark? a. They never reached the Pacific coast. b. They found that the regions west of the Mississippi were already engaging in global trade. c. It took them two years to complete their journey. d. They brought back numerous plant and animal specimens. e. They were seeking a water route to the Pacific Ocean
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a. They never reached the Pacific coast.
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39. Sacajawea was: a. an elderly Indian woman whom Lewis and Clark enslaved during their journey. b. born to a French-Canadian fur trapper and his native wife during Lewis and Clark's journey. c. a guide and interpreter for the Lewis and Clark expedition. d. the only member of the Lewis and Clark expedition to return safely to St. Louis. e. the young Shoshone woman whom William Clark married during his winter in North Dakota.
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c. a guide and interpreter for the Lewis and Clark expedition.
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40. Which of the following statements is true of New Orleans under Spanish rule? a. Men and women enjoyed complete legal equality, which was unheard of in the United States. b. Slavery was illegal. c. Slave women had the right to go to court for protection against cruelty or rape by their owners. d. An owner could not free his or her slaves without special permission from the Spanish monarch. e. Native Americans had been considered full citizens, with all of the rights and privileges associated with that status
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c. Slave women had the right to go to court for protection against cruelty or rape by their owners.
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41. Why did Jefferson use the U.S. navy against North African states? a. The Barbary pirates held American merchant ships hostage and Jefferson sent in the navy rather than pay the ransom. b. Jefferson wanted to disarm the pasha of Tripoli, who had gathered weapons he planned to use against the United States. c. Plantation owners wanted to import more Africans before the international slave trade became illegal in 1808, and they needed American firepower to help them do it. d. Jefferson had tried to cut the naval budget, and Federalists had accused him of being wishy-washy; Jefferson wanted to show that he could be tough. e. Tripoli had declared war on the United States after Jefferson had refused demands for increased payments to the Barbary pirates.
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e. Tripoli had declared war on the United States after Jefferson had refused demands for increased payments to the Barbary pirates.
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42. What was unusual about the Embargo Act of 1807? a. It was in response to a British embargo imposed after a British ship sank an American ship—an odd set of circumstances, to say the least. b. The Republican majority in Congress passed it and Jefferson vetoed it, but he was overridden for the only time in his presidency. c. It stopped all American vessels from sailing to foreign ports—an amazing use of federal power, especially by a president supposedly dedicated to a weak central government. d. It would hurt France more than Great Britain, and Jefferson was ardently pro-French. e. It persuaded the British to agree to American terms, even though Great Britain had not been a target of the Embargo Act.
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c. It stopped all American vessels from sailing to foreign ports—an amazing use of federal power, especially by a president supposedly dedicated to a weak central government.
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43. Jefferson's Embargo Act: a. was successful in restoring freedom of the seas. b. stopped the policy of impressment. c. severely hurt the economies of France and England. d. provoked war with France. e. caused economic depression within the United States.
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e. caused economic depression within the United States.
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44. Which of the following contributed to the United States going to war in 1812? a. Madison's refusal to support Macon's Bill no. 2 b. Great Britain's announcement that it would end the impressment of American sailors c. congressional War Hawks who pressed for territorial expansion into Florida and Canada d. Tecumseh's victory at the Battle of Tippecanoe e. the Republican insistence on high tariffs
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c. congressional War Hawks who pressed for territorial expansion into Florida and Canada
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45. The War Hawks in Congress included: a. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun. b. John Randolph and Rufus King. c. Oliver Perry and Francis Scott Key. d. Andrew Jackson and William H. Harrison. e. Carter Glass and Ernest Hollings.
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a. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun.
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46. Who wrote that he hoped that the purchase of Louisiana would lead to the transplanting of all the Indians from east of the Mississippi to west of the Mississippi? a. Andrew Jackson b. Thomas Jefferson c. George Washington d. William Henry Harrison e. James Monroe
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b. Thomas Jefferson
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47. Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa were brothers who: a. preached a militant message to Native Americans early in the nineteenth century. b. were chiefs of adjacent tribes, the Shawnee and the Seneca. c. fought beside Andrew Jackson at the Battle of New Orleans. d. both died at the Battle of Tippecanoe. e. differed on whether Indians or whites were more at fault for Native American problems.
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a. preached a militant message to Native Americans early in the nineteenth century.
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48. Which of the following contributed to the poor American performance in the War of 1812? a. The nation was deeply divided about whether to go to war. b. The renewal of the charter of the Bank of the United States in 1811 prompted other banks to refuse to help the government to fund the war. c. The war in Europe had ended before the War of 1812 began, and the British were able to pay more attention to the war. d. Because Jefferson had dismantled the entire U.S. navy, Madison found himself without any ability to fight at sea. e. The United States fought a two-front war: against the British in Canada and against the Spanish in Florida
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a. The nation was deeply divided about whether to go to war.
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49. When Andrew Jackson had the chance to obtain African-American help to fight the British in the Battle of New Orleans, he: a. refused on the grounds that, as a slaveholder, he could not accept their aid. b. discovered that all the blacks in New Orleans had left the city to support the British. c. recruited free men of color and promised them the same pay that white recruits received. d. accepted only enslaved men, to whom he offered freedom as a form of payment. e. accepted, but that so angered the white recruits that he later dismissed all the black soldiers
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c. recruited free men of color and promised them the same pay that white recruits received.
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50. The treaty that ended the War of 1812: a. gave the United States large tracts of land in the West. b. gave Canada the option of joining the United States. c. was a humiliating treaty for Britain. d. restored the prewar status quo. e. resulted in the United States losing land to Canada
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d. restored the prewar status quo.
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51. After the War of 1812, Americans were compensated for lost slaves: a. by an international arbitration agreement decided by the Russian czar. b. by the Treaty of Ghent. c. by Canadian towns buying the slaves' freedom. d. by the slaves purchasing their freedom. e. by forcing France to pay Britain's debts.
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b. by the Treaty of Ghent.
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52. Which of the following was NOT a result of the War of 1812? a. The Federalist Party disappeared as a significant political entity. b. Andrew Jackson became a national hero as an example of how virtuous citizens could defeat forces of a "despotic" Europe. c. Native Americans lost much of their remaining land and power in the Old Northwest and the South, which eased white settlement. d. Americans felt increasingly separate from Europe. e. The United States gained land in what is now Maine, Vermont, Michigan, and Minnesota, as well as all of modern Florida
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e. The United States gained land in what is now Maine, Vermont, Michigan, and Minnesota, as well as all of modern Florida
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53. Why did the United States become a one-party nation following the War of 1812? a. The Republicans were blamed for the British victory in Washington, D.C., and therefore lost power. b. The Hartford Convention's allegedly treasonous activities fatally damaged the Federalist Party's reputation. c. Under the Alien and Sedition Acts, Madison was able to silence all opposition. d. James Monroe's universal popularity as a hero of the War of 1812 made his Republican Party unbeatable. e. The Federalists were so pleased with the war's outcome that they endorsed a union with the Republicans at their 1816 convention in Hartford.
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b. The Hartford Convention's allegedly treasonous activities fatally damaged the Federalist Party's reputation.