Which of these functional groups is characteristic of alcohol?
question
A
answer
Which of the functional groups behaves as a base?
question
E
answer
Which of these groups is characteristic of thiols?
question
B
answer
Which of these groups plays a major role in energy transfer?
question
C
answer
Which of these is a carbonyl group?
question
C
answer
Which of these functional groups is characteristic of a ketone?
question
F
answer
Which of these functional groups behaves as an acid?
question
Carboxyl group
Carboxyl groups easily donate an H+ to water or to bases.
answer
In the molecule shown below, which functional group is most likely to ionize when a base is added to the solution?
a. Phosphate group
b. Carboxyl group
c. Hydroxyl group
d. Amino group
e. Carbonnyl group
question
Both (a) and (c).
answer
Which statement is true of hydroxyl groups?
(a) They ionize more often when bound to C=O then when bound to CH₂.
(b) They are negative ions.
(c). All alcohols and sugars have them.
Both (a) and (c).
Both (a) and (b).
question
A) A carboxyl group contains H; a carbonyl does not.
A carbonyl group is just C=O. A carboxyl group is a carbonyl group with an OH group attached.
answer
How does a carbonyl group differ from a carboxyl group?
a) A carboxyl group contains H; a carbonyl does not.
b) A carbonyl group ionizes more readily than a carboxyl group.
c) A carboxyl group contains oxygen; a carbonyl group doesn't.
d) A carbonyl group is polar; a carboxyl group is not polar.
e) A carbonyl group contains N; a carboxyl group doesn't.
question
D) Aldehydes, but not ketones, have H bound to C=O.
answer
How does an aldehyde group differ from a ketone group?
a) The aldehyde is polar; the ketone isn't.
b) The ketone is polar; the aldehyde isn't.
c) The ketone occurs in sugars; the aldehyde doesn't.
d) Aldehydes, but not ketones, have H bound to C=O.
e) The aldehyde contains C=O; the ketone doesn't.
question
(D) In a basic solution, it will release H⁺.
Carboxyl groups act as acids, releasing H⁺ to water.
answer
Which statement is true of the highlighted group?
(A) It's a carbonyl group.
(B )In a basic solution, it will release OH⁻.
(C) In an acidic solution, it will take up H⁺.
(D) In a basic solution, it will release H⁺.
Both (A) and (B).
question
(A), (B), and (C).
. Proteins contain many of these N-containing groups, which take H⁺ from water to become ions.
answer
Amino groups ...
(A) act as bases in water.
(B) contain nitrogen atoms.
(C) occur in proteins.
Just two of the preceding answers are true.
(A), (B), and (C).
question
(E) Sulfhydryl group
The product is hydrogen sulfide, H2S.
answer
Which functional group will, if released in combination with H, result in the smell of rotten eggs or volcanic vents?
(A) Phosphate group
(B) Carboxyl group
(C) Hydroxyl group
(D) Amino group
(E) Sulfhydryl group
question
4
answer
A phosphate group contains _________ oxygen atoms.
1
2
4
3
3 or 4 depends on ionization.
question
(E) Phosphate
Phosphate can have two ionized forms if it's bound to an organic molecule; three ionized forms if it's inorganic. It depends on how many OH groups lose H⁺.
answer
Which functional group has the most different ionized forms?
(A) Sulfhydryl
(B) Hydroxyl
(C) Carboxyl
(D) Carbonyl
(E) Phosphate
question
(A) They're polar.
answer
All the functional groups shown below have one thing in common. What is it?
(A) They're polar.
(B) They ionize.
(C) They contain hydrogen.
(D) They contain oxygen.
None of the above.
question
(E) amino.
Amino groups take on H⁺ in acidic solutions.
answer
A functional group on a molecule in solution carries two H atoms at pH 9 and three H atoms at pH 3. The functional group is probably. . .
(A) carboxyl.
(B) sulfhydryl.
(C) phosphate.
(D) carbonyl.
(E) amino.
question
(B) The C in a carbonyl group.
The shared electrons spend more time near O than near C.
answer
Which atom is most likely to have a δ⁺ charge?
(A) The N in an amino group.
(B) The C in a carbonyl group.
(C) An O in a carboxyl group.
(D) An O that is involved in a hydrogen bond.
(E) The S in a sulfhydryl group.
question
donate H⁺ ions to water
Any molecule that donates H⁺ to water is an acid.
answer
Non-ionized carboxyl groups cause a molecule to act as an acid because they ...
(A) donate H⁺ ions to water.
(B) take H⁺ ions from water.
(C) raise the pH of water
Both (A) and (C) .
None of the above.
question
(D) C-C bonds are as strong as C-O bonds.
C is the only element that bonds with its own kind about as strongly as it bonds with other elements. That, plus C's ability to form 4 bonds, makes it possible to build stable, varied biological molecules.
answer
Which statement helps most to explain why life is based on carbon compounds?
(A) C makes strong bonds with O.
(B) Each C atom makes three covalent bonds.
(C) C is very abundant in non-living nature.
(D) C-C bonds are as strong as C-O bonds.
All of the above.
question
(B) Parkinson's disease
People with Parkinson's disease lack dopamine.
answer
L-dopa is used to treat _____.
(A) muscle sprains
(B) Parkinson's disease.
(C) Alzheimer's disease.
(D) Marfan's syndrome.
(E) Iaryngitis
question
(D) None.
R-dopa has no effect on Parkinson's disease.
answer
What kind of effect does R-dopa have on Parkinson's disease?
(A) At first it alleviates the symptoms but over the long term it makes the symptoms worse.
(B) It makes the symptoms of Parkinson's disease worse.
(C) It alleviates the symptoms.
(D) None
(E) At first it makes the symptoms worse but over the long term it alleviates the symptoms.
question
(B) structural isomers
The two molecules differ in the covalent bond relationships among their atoms.
answer
These molecules are _____.
(A) geometric isomers
(B) structural isomers
(C) amines
(D) enantiomers
(E) thiols
question
(A) geometric isomers
These molecules differ in how their atoms are arranged about a double bond.
answer
These molecules are _____.
(A) geometric isomers
(B) thiols
(C) enantiomers
(D) ATP and ADP
(E) structural isomers
question
(E) enantiomers
These molecules are mirror images.
answer
These molecules are _____.
(A) R-dopa and L-dopa
(B) thiols
(C) structural isomers
(D) geometric isomers
(E) enantiomers
question
(A) are mirror images
answer
Enantiomers are molecules that _____.
(A) are mirror images
(B) differ in the arrangement of their molecules about a double bond
(C) contain a carboxyl group
(D) are isomers that differ in the covalent partnerships between their atoms
(E) contain an -OH group
question
(E) differ in the arrangement of their atoms about a double bond
answer
Geometric isomers are molecules that _____.
(A) are isomers that differ in the covalent partnerships between their atoms
(B) are isomers in which one of the molecules contains an amino group and the other contains a phosphate group
(C) differ in their molecular formulas
(D) are mirror images
(E) differ in the arrangement of their atoms about a double bond
question
not isomers
These molecules have different molecular formulas.
answer
This pair of molecules are _____.
(A) identical
(B) not isomers
(C) structural isomers
(D) enantiomers
(E) geometric isomers
question
(D) dehydration synthesis
The linking of the monomers involves the removal of water.
answer
What name is given to the process seen in this animation?
(A) catabolism
(B) water formation
(C) monomerization
(D) dehydration synthesis
question
(a) An organic molecule can have many functional groups.
If the molecule is large, it may have thousands of functional groups.
answer
Which statement is true of organic molecules?
(a) An organic molecule can have many functional groups.
(b) Some organic molecules contain carbon atoms; others do not.
(c) Organic molecules are only made by living organisms.
Both (a) and (b).
(a), (b), and (c).
question
(a) They are always made of monomers.
A polymer is a chain of monomers.
answer
Which statement is true of polymers?
(a) They are always made of monomers.
(b) They are often made by a hydrolysis process.
(c) Their synthesis generally consumes water.
(d) They are always made by condensation reactions.
None of the above.
question
(e) a polymer made of nucleotides.
DNA is a nucleic acid, a polymer made of nucleotide monomers.
answer
The organic molecule called DNA is an example of ....
(a) a polymer made of nucleotes.
(b) a polymer made of amino acids.
(c) a monomer.
(d) a protein.
(e) a polymer made of nucleotides.
question
(a), (b), and (c).
Polymers that contain sugars do all the named functions and more. For example, they also lubricate the path of roots through soil and they glue plant cells together.
answer
Polymers that contain sugars ...
(a) may store hereditary information.
(b) may store energy.
(c) may protect cells.
Both (b) and (c).
(a), (b), and (c).
question
(a), (b), and (c).
We use sucrose as our table sugar because plants make plenty of it. They use it as their main circulating fuel, and sugar beets and sugar cane store a lot of it. It's a disaccharide made of glucose and fructose.
answer
Which statement is true of sucrose?
(a) It's a disaccharide.
(b) It contains glucose.
(c) It's table sugar.
Both (a) and (c).
(a), (b), and (c).
question
(e) Inability to digest it causes some adults to be unable to tolerate milk.
It's lactose, or milk sugar. Nearly all children can digest it, but many adults lose the enzyme needed to separate the sugars
answer
Which statement is true of the molecule shown here?
(a) It's called maltose.
(b) It's made by breaking down starch, during beer production.
(c) It differs from sucrose in that an O atom links the sugars.
(d) It's a polysaccharide.
(e) Inability to digest it causes some adults to be unable to tolerate milk.
question
(e) a polysaccharide found in animals
Animals store energy in the form of glycogen.
answer
Glycogen is _____.
(a) the form in which plants store sugars
(b) a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls
(c) a source of saturated fat
(d) a transport protein that carries oxygen
(e) a polysaccharide found in animals
question
(b) maltose + water ... dehydration synthesis
Maltose is the disaccharide formed when two glucose molecules are linked by dehydration synthesis.
answer
glucose + glucose —> _____ by _____.
(a) lactose + water ... hydrolysis
(b) maltose + water ... dehydration synthesis
(c) sucrose + water ... dehydration synthesis
(d) cellulose + water ... hydrolysis
(e) starch + water ... dehydration synthesis
question
(a) milk
Lactose is the sugar found in milk.
answer
Which of these is a source of lactose?
(a) milk
(b)sugar beets
(c) starch
(d) sugar cane
(e) potatoes
question
(b) cellulose
Cellulose is a carbohydrate composed of many monomers.
answer
Which of these is a polysaccharide?
(a) lactose
(b) cellulose
(c) galactose
(d) glucose
(e) sucrose
question
(c) Cellulose
Cellulose, a component of plant cell walls, is the most abundant organic compound found on earth.
answer
_____ is the most abundant organic compound on Earth.
(a) Glucose
(b) Starch
(c) Cellulose
(d) Lactose
(e) Glycogen
question
(b) Low solubility in water.
Low water solubility is the trait that defines lipids.
answer
What do fats, steroids, and waxes have in common?
(a) Moderate polarity.
(b) Low solubility in water.
(c) They occur in membranes.
Both (a) and (c).
Both (b) and (c).
question
Yes. Nonpolar molecules aren't compatible with water.
Water rejects nonpolar molecules such as fats, so fats travel inside particles that are coated with polar parts of phospholipids and proteins.
answer
Dr. Haxton told one of his students, "To move in the bloodstream, fats need the help of phospholipids." What would a good student say?
(a)Yes. Nonpolar molecules aren't compatible with water.
(b) You have it backwards. Fats help phospholipids to travel.
(c) Not so. Fats are small enough to travel easily without help.
(d) Right. Fats are too polar to travel alone in water.
(e) Sorry, Dr. Haxton! Help comes from cholesterol, not phospholipids.
question
Both (a) and (b).
The many C-C and C-H bonds make fats nonpolar and insoluble in water. They can also be oxidized, releasing much energy.
answer
The presence of many C-C and C-H bonds causes fats to be ...
(a) rich in energy.
(b) insoluble in water.
(c) low in energy.
Both (a) and (b).
Both (b) and (c).
question
(a) glycerol.
answer
The highlighted part of this molecule is derived from ...
(a) glycerol.
(b) guaiacol.
(c) cholesterol.
(d) aniline.
(e) fatty acid.
question
(a) glycerol; water
answer
In fat synthesis,________and fatty acids combine to make fats plus________.
(a) glycerol; water
(b) esters; water
(c) phosphate; glycerol
(d) glucose; phosphate
(e) esters; phosphate
question
(b) hydroxyl; carboxyl
answer
In the reaction that builds a fat,________ groups react with ________ groups.
(a) hydroxyl; phosphate
(b) hydroxyl; carboxyl
(c) carboxyl; amino
(d) phosphate; amino
(e) sulfhydryl; carboxyl
question
Both (b) and (c).
answer
Triglycerides vary with respect to the number of ...
(a) hydrocarbon tails.
(b) C atoms in the tails.
(c) double bonds in the tails.
Both (b) and (c).
All of the above.
question
(a) made the fat less fluid.
answer
A food company hydrogenated a barrel of fat. The treatment ...
(a) made the fat less fluid.
(b) made the fat less saturated.
(c) lengthened the fat tails.
(d) put more bends (kinks) in the fat tails.
Both (a) and (d).
question
(c) the most double bonds.
answer
The most unsaturated fats have ...
(a) the longest hydrocarbon tails.
(b) the fewest double bonds.
(c) the most double bonds.
(d) the shortest hydrocarbon tails.
(e) the highest ratio of H to C.
question
(d) They contain carbonyl groups.
answer
What do DNA, proteins, and fats have in common?
(a) They are polar.
(b) They contain nitrogen.
(c) They contain phosphorus.
(d) They contain carbonyl groups.
(e) They are polymers.
question
(a) The trans fats level in non-heart attack patients is 84% of the level in heart attack patients.
answer
How does the level of trans fats in non-heart attack patients compare to the level of trans fats in heart attack patients?
(a) The trans fats level in non-heart attack patients is 84% of the level in heart attack patients.
(b) The trans fats level in non-heart attack patients is 29% of the level in heart attack patients.
(c) The trans fats level in non-heart attack patients is 0.29% of the level in heart attack patients.
(d) The trans fats level in non-heart attack patients is 119% of the level in heart attack patients.
question
(a) Non-heart attack patient would have nearly 3g of trans fats in 200 g of adipose tissue, on average.
(b) 1.77% of the total fat in heart attack patients is trans fats.
(d) Heart attack patients have higher levels of trans fats in their adipose tissue than non-heart attack patients.
answer
Which three statements are supported by the data in the graph?
(a) Non-heart attack patient would have nearly 3g of trans fats in 200 g of adipose tissue, on average.
(b) 1.77% of the total fat in heart attack patients is trans fats.
(c) People who have lower trans fats levels are more likely to have a heart attack.
(d) Heart attack patients have higher levels of trans fats in their adipose tissue than non-heart attack patients.
(e) Non-heart attack patients have trans fats levels that are just under half of the levels in heart attack patients.
question
(c) RNA
answer
Which of these is NOT a lipid?
(a) steroids
(b) phospholipid
(c) RNA
(d) wax
(e) cholesterol
question
(b) saturated fat
answer
This figure is an example of a(n) _____.
(a) unsaturated fat
(b) saturated fat
(c) protein
(d) nucleic acid
(e) steroid
question
C.
answer
Which of these is a phospholipid?
question
(b) olive oil
answer
Which of these is rich in unsaturated fats?
(a) lard
(b) olive oil
(c) butter
(d) beef fat
(e) a fat that is solid at room temperature
question
(e) as a component of animal cell membranes
answer
A function of cholesterol that does not harm health is its role _____.
(a) as the primary female sex hormone
(b) in calcium and phosphate metabolism
(c) the most abundant male sex hormone
(d) All of cholesterol's effects cause the body harm
(e) as a component of animal cell membranes
question
(b) preventing leakage from cells.
answer
Phospholipids are most important for ...
(a) stiffening cells.
(b) preventing leakage from cells.
(c) storing energy.
(d) waterproofing cell walls.
(e) lubricating cells.
question
(b) membranes.
answer
To find the best source of phospholipids, look at ...
(a) cell walls,
(b) membranes.
(c) storage droplets.
(d) surfaces of leaves.
(e) nasal mucus.
question
(a) Ester linkages.
answer
What do phosphoglycerides and fats have in common?
(a) Ester linkages.
(b) Three fatty acid tails.
(c) A role in membrane structure.
(d) A strongly polar group.
(e) A tendency to form bilayers.
question
All the above.
answer
Which statement is true of phospholipids?
(a) Their synthesis uses fatty acids.
(b) Some of their tails have double bonds.
(c) They all ionize.
All the above.
Both (a) and (b).
question
(e) Water molecules make hydrogen bonds.
answer
Which fact is most important in causing phospholipids to behave as they do in water?
(a) Hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen.
(b) Phosphate groups can bind together.
(c) Hydrocarbons attract one another.
(d) Nonpolar groups repel water.
(e) Water molecules make hydrogen bonds.
question
(c) tails; tails
answer
In a membrane, the________of the phospholipids in one monolayer face the________of the phospholipids in the other monolayer.
(a) heads; heads
(b) heads; tails
(c) tails; tails
Sometimes (a), sometimes (c).
None of these; a membrane is a monolayer.
question
(b) polar molecules attract one another.
answer
It is difficult for molecules to pass through the phospholipid bilayer because ...
(a) cholesterol holds phospholipids in place.
(b) polar molecules attract one another.
(c) hydrocarbons repel water.
(d) there is a water film between the monolayers.
(e) proteins hold phospholipids in place.
question
(c) Phospholipid
answer
Which lipid is most amphipathic?
(a) Cholesterol
(b) Wax
(c) Phospholipid
(d) Triglyceride
(e) Fat
question
Both (b) and (c).
answer
The picture represents a biological membrane. Which statement is true of the most abundant molecules in the membrane?
(a) Hydrogen bonds between the tails block transport through the membrane.
(b) Water keeps them oriented in the membrane.
(c) They contain ionized phosphate groups.
Both (b) and (c).
All of the above.
question
All of the above.
answer
The molecule shown here probably ...
(a) is structurally related to a fat.
(b) is highly amphipathic.
(c) is made partly from fatty acids.
Both (a) and (c).
All of the above.
question
(e) None of the above; proteins are involved in all of them.
answer
Which biological activity does NOT directly involve proteins?
(a) Defending cells against viruses.
(b) Breaking food polymers into smaller molecules.
(c) Sensing light.
(d) Changing the shape of a cell.
(e) None of the above; proteins are involved in all of them.
question
(d) All of the above.
answer
The protein shown here has ...
(a) primary structure.
(b) secondary structure.
(c) tertiary structure.
(d) All of the above.
(e) All of the above, plus quaternary structure.
question
(e) None of the above. There's no quaternary structure.
answer
This ribbon diagram represents a protein in water. Even without showing the side chains, it's clear that the protein's quaternary structure ...
(a) is stabilized by hydrogen bonds.
(b) is stabilized by forces between backbone groups.
(c) is weaker than that of entirely helical proteins.
(d) consists of helices.
(e) None of the above. There's no quaternary structure.
question
(a) shape
answer
Your body contains thousands of different types of proteins, each with a specific function. A protein's function is largely determined by its _____.
(a) shape
(b) electrical charge
(c) elemental composition
(d) size
question
(c) third
answer
A protein's alpha helices and beta sheets fold together to create an overall shape at the _____ level of protein structure.
(a) first
(b) second
(c) third
(d) fourth
question
(b) It depends on the role of the amino acid that is altered. One amino acid might be replaced with no measurable effect on the protein's function; replacing another might cause a total loss of function.
answer
What happens to the shape and function of a protein if one of the amino acids is replaced with a different type of amino acid?
(a) The protein will unravel and become entirely nonfunctional.
(b) It depends on the role of the amino acid that is altered. One amino acid might be replaced with no measurable effect on the protein's function; replacing another might cause a total loss of function.
(c) The protein will remain unchanged; several amino acids would have to be altered to have any effect on protein function.
(d) The protein's fourth-level structure will be damaged.
question
(d) fourth
answer
Large proteins, like DNA polymerase and hemoglobin, are often composed of several polypeptides that are linked together. The _____ level of protein structure describes how the polypeptides are joined to create a larger complex.
(a) first
(b) second
(c) third
(d) fourth
question
(e) transport
answer
This animation illustrates the functioning of a _____ protein.
(a) gene regulatory
(b) receptor
(c) structural protein
(d) contractile
(e) transport
question
(a) structural
answer
Arrow A is indicating a(n) _____ protein.
(a) structural
(b) signal
(c) receptor
(d) enzyme
(e) transport
question
(c) receptor
answer
Arrow D is indicating a _____ protein.
(a) storage
(b) gene regulatory
(c) receptor
(d) defensive
(e) transport
question
(e) ovalbumin
answer
Which of these does NOT contain a structural protein?
(a) ligaments
(b) spider silk
(c) tendons
(d) muscles
(e) ovalbumin
question
(d) immune
answer
Defensive proteins are manufactured by the _____ system.
(a) itegumentary
(b) cardiovascular
(c) nervous
(d) immune
(e) digestive
question
(b) The primary structure of a protein is the order of amino acids in a polypeptide, as coded for in the DNA of a gene.
answer
Your body contains tens of thousands of different proteins, each with a specific structure and function. The unique three-dimensional shape of each of these diverse proteins is based on several superimposed levels of structure.
Which of the following statements is an accurate description of proteins?
(a) The 20 amino acids found in proteins differ in the composition of their R groups, which may be either polar or charged.
(b) The primary structure of a protein is the order of amino acids in a polypeptide, as coded for in the DNA of a gene.
(c) Secondary structures, which include the alpha helix or beta pleated sheet, are held together by interactions between R groups.
(d) Tertiary structure is the overall shape of a polypeptide, which may be stabilized by hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and peptide bonds.
(e) Quaternary structure is only found in proteins that have four identical polypeptide subunits.
question
(c) The new amino acid would not form the same interactions with hydrophobic R groups, and the protein's shape would likely be affected.
answer
What could happen if a mutation in a gene caused a hydrophobic amino acid in a polypeptide to be replaced by a hydrophilic amino acid?
(a) There would be no effect as long as the protein had quaternary structure, because primary structure does not affect that level.
(b) The hydrophilic amino acid could not form the proper peptide bond in its new location, so both the shape and function of the protein would be affected.
(c) The new amino acid would not form the same interactions with hydrophobic R groups, and the protein's shape would likely be affected.
(d) The shape of the protein would not be affected if only one amino acid in the primary structure is changed.
question
(e) amino acids
answer
Proteins are polymers of _____.
(a) hydrocarbons
(b) nucleotides
(c) glycerol
(d) CH₂O units
(e) amino acids
question
(b) peptide
answer
What type of bond joins the monomers in a protein's primary structure?
(a) hydrogen
(b) peptide
(c) ionic
(d) hydrophobic
(e) S—S
question
4
answer
Which of these illustrates the secondary structure of a protein?
question
(d) hydrogen bonds
answer
The secondary structure of a protein results from _____.
(a) hydrophobic interactions
(b) ionic bonds
(c) peptide bonds
(d) hydrogen bonds
(e) bonds between sulfur atoms
question
(c) peptide bonds
answer
Tertiary structure is NOT directly dependent on _____.
(a) hydrophobic interactions
(b) ionic bonds
(c) peptide bonds
(d) bonds between sulfur atoms
(e) hydrogen bonds
question
(c) nucleotides
answer
DNA is composed of building blocks called _____.
(a) nucleic acids
(b) Gs
(c) nucleotides
(d) adenines
(e) amino acids
question
(c) double helix
answer
DNA has the appearance of a _____.
(a) single strand
(b) letter U
(c) double helix
(d) triple helix
(e) circle
question
(a) 3'-TAAACG-5'
answer
If a strand of DNA has the nitrogen base sequence 5'-ATTTGC-3', what will be the sequence of the matching strand?
(a) 3'-TAAACG-5'
(b) 3'-GCAAAT-5'
(c) 3'-TUUUCG-5'
(d) 3'-ATTTGC-5'
(e) 3'-UAAACG-5'
question
(a) 75
answer
If a DNA double helix is 100 nucleotide pairs long and contains 25 adenine bases, how many guanine bases does it contain?
(a) 75
(b) 200
(c) 50
(d) 150
(e) 25
question
(a) hydrogen bonds
answer
The two strands of a DNA double helix are held together by _____ that form between pairs of nitrogenous bases.
(a) hydrogen bonds
(b) ionic bonds
(c) hydrophilic interactions
(d) covalent bonds
(e) S—S bonds
question
(e) phosphate group, a nitrogen-containing base, and a five-carbon sugar
answer
A nucleotide is composed of a(n) _____.
(a) sulfhydryl group, a nitrogen-containing base, and a five-carbon sugar
(b) glycerol, a nitrogen-containing base, and a five-carbon sugar
(c) phosphate group, a nitrogen-containing base, and a hydrocarbon
(d) amino group, a nitrogen-containing base, and a five-carbon sugar
(e) phosphate group, a nitrogen-containing base, and a five-carbon sugar
question
(b) genome
answer
Which of the following is the largest unit of DNA organization?
(a) nucleotide
(b) genome
(c) chromosome
(d) gene
question
(a) nucleotide
answer
A sugar, a phosphate, and a base are the components of a __________.
(a) nucleotide
(b) gene
(c) polymer
(d) chromosome
question
(c) gene
answer
A page is to a book as a ___________ is to the genome.
(a) nucleotide
(b) protein
(c) gene
(d) double helix
question
(c) two
answer
How many polynucleotides are found in one molecule of DNA?
(a) three
(b) one
(c) two
(d) four
question
(c) sugar and phosphate
answer
Which of the following make up the backbone of a polynucleotide strand?
(a) sugar and base
(b) sugar only
(c) sugar and phosphate
(d) phosphate and base
question
(d) 55%
There are 18 grams of total carbohydrates, which includes 10 grams of sugars. Dividing 10 by 18 is 0.55, which is equal to 55%.
answer
What percentage of the total grams of carbohydrate in the cookie are sugars?
(a) 6%
(b) 10%
(c) 36%
(d) 55%
question
(a) Over half of each cookie is made up of carbohydrates.
(b) Over 40% of the calories in each cookie are from fat.
(d) If you ate all of the cookies in the container, you would consume over 1,000 calories.
answer
Which three statements are supported by the data in the food label?
(a) Over half of each cookie is made up of carbohydrates.
(b) Over 40% of the calories in each cookie are from fat.
(c) More than half of the total fat in a cookie is saturated fat.
(d) If you ate all of the cookies in the container, you would consume over 1,000 calories.
(e) You could consume seven cookies without exceeding the recommended Daily Value of saturated fat.
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