APUSH Chapter 14: The Civil War

16 president of the United States, he promoted equal rights for African Americans in the famed Lincoln- Douglas debates, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation and set in motion the Civil War, but he was determined to preserve the Union, was assassinated by Booth in 1865

the first major battle in the American Civil War in 1862 to take place on Northern soil, it was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with over 23,000 casualties. After this "win" for the North, Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation

famous as the site of the battle where the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S. Grant took place on April 9, 1865

1st real battle, Confederate victory, Washingtonian spectators gather to watch battle, Gen. Jackson stands as Stonewall and turns tide of battle in favor of Confederates, realization that war is not going to be quick and easy for either side

school teacher who volunteered as a nurse during the American Civil War and is the founder of the American Red Cross

issued by abraham lincoln on September 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free

federal Union fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War

American army general put in charge of Union troops and later removed by Lincoln for failure to press Lee's Confederate troops in Richmond

General Lee lead the Confederate troops into Pennsylvania. He surprised the units in Gettysburg and the battle was the most crucial and bloodiest of the war. The victory at Gettysburg belonged to Lincoln and the Union. Turning point; last offensive attack of the South.

provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it; encouraged westward migration

an American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865

As Sherman crossed Georgia he and his soldiers destroyed most of Atlanta if not all, crops, resources, pretty much burned Georgia to the ground. After Capturing Atlanta and march to Savannah, making him the most hated person by the South, which cut off confederate supplies received by the sea

in this act, the federal government had donated public land to the states for the establishment of college; as a result 69 land- grant institutions were established.

American soldier, he refused Lincoln's offer to head the Union army and agreed to lead Confederate forces. He successfully led several major battles until his defeat at Gettysburg, and he surrendered to the Union's commander General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse.

a gory battle in this area, over the Tennessee border from Corinth where a Confederate force foiled Grant's plans on capturing the junction of the main Confederate north-south, and east-west railroads in the Mississippi Valley

Confederate General who told his men to stand their ground during the First Battle of Bullrun leading to a Confederacy victory. He was also the one who got shot by his own men; they were known for being a "wall"

a mediocre solider from West-point who led Union forces after McClellan, known for his defeat of Confederate troops

not only organized women to serve at the front, it also funneled medicine and supplies to badly overtaxed hospitals during the Civil War. It also helped spread ideas about the importance of sanitary conditions in hospitals and clinics and probably contributed to the relative decline of disease in the war.

2nd most important Union General who introduced total war in "the march to the sea." He destroyed crops, towns, and farms everywhere he went.