APUSH Chapter 21

The General of the Confederate troops; he was prosperous in many battles; was defeated at Antietam in 1862 when he retreated across the Potomac; this halt of Lee's troops justified Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation; he was defeated at Gettysburg by General Mead's Union troops; surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865.

George B. McClellan was a general for northern command of the Army of the Potomac in 1861; nicknamed "Tardy George" because of his failure to move troops to Richmond; lost battle vs. General Lee near the Chesapeake Bay; Lincoln fired him twice.

union general replaced hooker gettysburg pennsylvania won the battle for the union

a southern actor; April 14, 1865; shot Abraham Lincoln to death in Ford's Theater.

A Northern general who helped gain victory for the union. His first successful victories came at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson on the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers in February 1862. These victories opened a door for the Union to the rest of the south. Eventually Grant was given command of the Union forces attacking Vicksburg. This would be his greatest victory of the war. Grant was made General-in-Chief after several more impressive victories near Chattanooga. Grant's final victory came when he defeated General Robert E.

McClellan's short-lived replacement who tried to move toward Richmond by crossing the Rappahannock River at Fredericksburg. He launched a series of hopeless, bloody attacks on Lee. He withdrew to the north bank of the Rappahannock. He was relieved at his own request and 1862 ended with a series of frustrations for the Union.

Commander of the union navy, captured new orleans

Lee's chief lieutenant, killed by own men at Chancellersville

"fighting Joe"; Union General; involved in Chancellorsville

He commanded the Union army in Tennessee. In September of 1864 his troops captured Atlanta, Georgia. He then headed to take Savannah. This was his famous "march to the sea.". His troops burned barns and houses, and destroyed the countryside. His march showed a shift in the belief that only military targets should be destroyed. Civilian centers could also be targets.

The Merrimack was a former wooden warship. The Confederates plated it with iron railroad rails. They renamed it the Virginia. The Virginia easily wrecked Union Navy ships and threatened to destroy the whole Navy. The Confederates later destroy the ship to keep it from the Union. This marks the end of wooden ships.

The Union party included all of the Republicans and the war Democrats. It excluded the copperheads and peace Democrats. It was formed out of fear of the republican party losing control. It was responsible for nominating Lincoln.

a battle of the American Civil War (1863)

General Sherman lead a force from Chattanooga, Tennessee to South Carolina destroying everything the Confederates could use to survive. He set fire to South Carolina's capital, Columbia.

a small Union ironclad built in about 100 days to stop the Confederate ship, the Merrimack. The Merrimack, which was a former U.S. wooden warship destroyed two wooden Union ships in the Chesapeake Bay and threatened the Yankee's plan of blockading all Southern ports. The Union built the Monitor and transported it to the Chesapeake. On March 9, 1862, in 4 hours, the Monitor, or the "Yankee cheesebox on a raft," fought the Merrimack "to a standstill."

First "real" battle of the Civil War, it was expected by Union officials to be short but ended up a Confederate victory

Gen. Picketts attack on the Union Forces

fought from May 5 to May 7, 1864, was the first battle of Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Virginia Overland Campaign against General Robert E. Lee and the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia.

Issued by abraham lincoln on september 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free

Union army routes Lee's offensive strike, allows Lincoln to give emancipation proclamation

a 3-minute address by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War (November 19, 1963) at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg

This Amendment was made to forbid slavery, making slavery and involuntary servitude both illegal. It could only be used as a punishment for crime. This Amendment was ratified in 1865, after the war was over. The South had to ratify it to be readmitted to the Union.

Culmination of offensive campaign by Robert E. Lee, overwhelming victory although Union army weathers it well

the second great battle of the American Civil War (1862)

1865 = Grant's large army pursued Lee's in VA & engaged in series of running fights; Union forces blocked Lee's retreat at a town called Appomattox Court House; APRIL 9 = Grant & Lee met in a private home: Lee's troops outnumbered >2:1, Lee surrendered, remaining Confederate forces surrender soon afterward

a group of northern Democrats who opposed abolition and sympathized with the South during the Civil War

an important battle in the American Civil War (1862)

a decisive battle in the American Civil War (1863)

a major battle in the American Civil War (1863)