APUSH Ch. 39

1969-1964; Republican; Ended Vietnam War; Recognized China/ Watergate scandal; First president to resign

Awarded 1973 Nobel Peace Prize for helping to end Vietnam War and withdrawing American forces. involved in South American politics National Security Advisor and Secretary of State under Nixon Condoned covert tactics to prevent communism and facism from spreading throughout South America.

1972; Nixon feared loss so he approved the Commission to Re-Elect the President to spy on and espionage the Democrats. A security gaurd foiled an attempt to bug the Democratic National Committe Headquarters, exposing the scandal. Seemingly contained, after the election Nixon was impeached and stepped down

National Organization of Women, 1966, Betty Friedan first president, wanted Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforce its legal mandate to end sex discrimination

Equal Rights Amendment- never passed (3 states shy)

Anti-feminist who led the campaign to defeat the ERA claiming it would undermine the american family

Governor of Maryland who ran as Vice President with Richard Nixon in 1968. He was known for his tough stands against dissidents and black militants. He strongly supported Nixon's desire to stay in Vietnam. He was forced to resign in October 1973 after having been accused of accepting bribes or "kickbacks" from Maryland contractors while governor and Vice President.

the Supreme Court justice durning the Nixon admistration. He was chosen by Nixon because of his strict interpretation of the Constitution. He presided over the extremly controversal case of abortion in Roe vs. Wade.

Vice Presidential hopeful was virtually eliminated from the race after the public learned of his previous battle with depression. Before running, he had an established successful political history including Clean Water and Air Act

He testified against Nixon as well as other cabinet members in the Watergate hearings. His testimony helped lead to the removal of several White House officials and the resignation of Nixon. Before his testimony he had been a White House lawyer.

Solely elected by a vote from Congress. He pardoned Nixon of all crimes that he may have committed. Evacuated nearly 500,000 Americans and South Vietnamese from Vietnam, closing the war. We are heading toward rapid inflation. He runs again and debates Jimmy Carter. At the debate he is asked how he would handle the communists in eastern Europe and he said there were none and this apparently sealed his fate.

Created the Department of Energy and the Depatment of Education. He was criticized for his return of the Panama Canal Zone, and because of the Soviet war in Afghanistan, he enacted an embargo on grain shipments to USSR and boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow and his last year in office was marked by the takeover of the American embassy in Iran, fuel shortages, and the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, which caused him to lose to Ronald Regan in the next election.

Seized power from Nikita Khrushchev and became leader of the Soviet Communist party in 1964. Ordered forces in to Afghanistan and Czechoslovakia.

An implied presidential power that allows the president to refuse to disclose information regarding confidential conversations or national security to Congress or the judiciary.

During the Vietnam War, the U.S. program of turning over to the South Vietnamese government responsibility for waging the conflict, in order to implement withdrawal of U.S. military personnel.

proclaimed the U.S. will continue to protect nations/ allies from communist attacks. U.S. will protect allies from communist nuclear attacks. but nations must do more to protect themselves (we will intervene when we must)

in which American troops had brutally massacred innocent women and children in the village of My Lai, also led to more opposition to the war.

Nixon widened the Vietnam War by moving troops into this country to try and remove enemy camps.

An Ohio university where National Guardsmen opened fire on students protesting the Vietnam War on May 4, 1970, wounding nine and killing four

Part of the SALT I agreement between the United States and Soviet Union that prevented the development of weapons designed to shoot down nuclear missiles

Program established by Richard Nixon to require construction trade unions to work toward hiring more black apprentices. The plan altered Lyndon Johnson's concept of "affirmative action" to focus on groups rather than individuals.

An independent federal agency established to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, a government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment

Set emission standards for cars, and limits for release of air pollutants

1973. A resolution of Congress that stated the President can only send troops into action abroad by authorization of Congress or if America is already under attack or serious threat.

Many Arab countries created embargo against US for support of Israel in the Yom Kippur War; and the Iran Revolution caused US to not have enough oil supplies for energy

Richard Nixon's committee for re-electing the president. Found to have been engaged in a "dirty tricks" campaign against the democrats in 1972. They raised tens of millions of dollars in campaign funds using unethical means. They were involved in the infamous Watergate cover-up.

Clarifies an ambiguous provision of the Constitution regarding succession to the Presidency, and establishes procedures both for filling a vacancy in the office of the Vice President as well as responding to Presidential disabilities.

dismissal of independent special prosecutor Archibald Cox, and the resignations of Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus during the Watergate scandal 1973

first signed by Canada, US, Soviet Union, and 32 others which pledged cooperation between East and West Europe and to reduce tension associated with the Cold War, eventually Communist Party died in East Europe in 1991

A United States law enacted on June 23, 1972 that states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance."

(1973) legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy

preferential treatment is not allowed but race can be an admission factor-- colleges

"A small battle" In South Dakota; December 29, 1980 after an accidental rifle discharge led nervous soldiers to fire into a group of Indians. This ended the Indian wars with characteristic brutality and misunderstanding.

Carter + Israeli + Egypt presidents 2 Camp David for peace talks. signed a treadty ending their conflicts. both presidents received Nobel prizes but the treaty was soon undermined

negotiations between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics opened in 1969 in Helsinki designed to limit both countries' stock of nuclear weapons

In 1979, Iranian fundamentalists seized the American embassy in Tehran and held fifty-three American diplomats hostage for over a year. The Iranian hostage crisis weaked the Carter presidency; the hostages were finally released on January 20, 1981, the day Ronald Reagan became president.

10 days after Kent State shooting, this black school in Mississippi had state troops enter dormitories and began shooting wildly. Killed 2 and wounded 12.

(1971) Defense Department document revealing government's lack of honesty in its communication about Vietnam

a Defense Department worked, leaks documents that became known as the Pentagon Papers to the New York Times

right to lawyer even if you can't afford one

The Southern Strategy was a term that described the Republicans' move to campaign in the south after it had broken with the Democrats over civil rights. This was the beginning of the Republican domination of the south American sees today in national politics.

people Nixon had something against or had done something to him

North Carolina Senator who conducted the Watergate hearings

leader who tried to transform Cambodia communist, Leader of the Khmer Rouge, unleashed a reign of terror, drove people from cities and forced them to work in the fields

arabs backed by russia israelis by US 60 day war known as yom kippur war

right to lawyer from time of arrest

people whose job it was to stop leaks of what Nixon was trying to achieve from being let out of the White House

An American feminist, journalist, and social and political activist who became nationally recognized as a leader of, and media spokeswoman for, the women's liberation movement in the late 1960s and 1970s.

started "National Organization of Women- NOW"- first major influential group- want to change the role of women- motto- "Baby, burn your bra"

Egyptian President who became the first leader to make peace with Israel, assed

leader of the chilean army overthrew the government

11 member commission established by President Johnson to investigate causes of the race riots in the US

right to remain silent